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THE LEVEL OF ROUTINE HEALTH INFORMATION SYSTEM DATA QUALITY AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AT PUBLIC HOSPITAL IN SILTE ZONE, CENTRAL REGION, ETHIOPIA, 2023
(hawassa universty, 2023-11) NIGUSSIE DUKAMO
Background: Routinely collected data of poor quality can compromise the validity of effect evaluations and lead to poor decision-making, inappropriate resource allocation, and a loss of trust in the health system. Routine health information system data are seen as poor in quality and are not used for decisions in Ethiopia, and continues to be a significant problem. Objectives: To assess the level and associated factors of routine health information system data quality; and explore the factors affecting data quality at public hospitals in Silte Zone, Central Region Ethiopia, 2023 Methods and materials: Facility based mixed method with an embedded study design was conducted. A total of four public hospitals, 32 units or departments, 605 health care workers, and 12 key informant interviews were selected. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used for selecting study participants in quantitative and qualitative study. The data was entered into Epi-data version 4.4, open code 4.03 and exported to SPSS version 26, and descriptive statistics were used to assess the level of data quality, and Binary logistic regression and thematic analysis was run to identify factors affecting data quality. Adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals and themes or subthemes were reported. Result: The overall study conducted facility data quality level was 90.84%; completeness and consistence of data in this study were 85.5% and 85.3% respectively. Easily understandability of registration and report format [AOR 1.92; CI 1.11-3.33], receive training [AOR 1.62; CI 1.07- 2.44], getting supervision [AOR 1.66 CI 1.05-2.61], provide regular feedback [AOR 1.72 CI 1.07- 2.75], team’s work appreciated and valued by supervisors [AOR 1.61; CI 1.04-2.75] and decisions and follow up actions identified in Performance monitoring team meetings [AOR 1.73; CI 1.12- 2.67] were significantly associated with data quality ; and thematic analysis was done and categorized into four themes and twelve sub-themes. Conclusion and recommendation: The level of data quality at the public hospital in Silte Zone is almost equal to the national expected level of data quality, but completeness &consistency of the data were lower than the national expected level. For MOH and other supporting organization to fully transforming the paper based service registration to an electronic-based medical recording system in which it will reduce incompleteness and inconsistency of data and to increase data quality
ASSESSMENT OF MAGNITUDE, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF MATERNAL MORBIDITY IN NORTHERN ZONE OF SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA: A COMMUNITY BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
(hawassa universty, 2024-05) NEGASH LAMISO
Background: Globally, maternal morbidity and mortality remain major public health problems. For every woman that dies of maternal causes, there are at least 20 more women who suffer from infection, disabilities, and injuries relating to pregnancy and childbirth. Despite the increasing magnitude of maternal morbidity in Ethiopia, only a few studies have been conducted in a community-based setting to determine the magnitude and risk factors for maternal illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of maternal morbidity during pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal in Northern Zone of Sidama Regional state. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted, in which a secondary data that was used. A total of 2044 mothers were included in analyses. Data were collected using the Kobo data collection tool. It was extracted and exported to SPSS Version 26 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was done. Statistically significant results were considered at a confidence interval of 95% and a p-value of < 0.05 Result: The prevalence of maternal morbidity was 21.4% (95%CI [19.8, 23.4]) of women who reporting at least one morbidity during their last pregnancy, delivery and postpartum. Factors associated with maternal morbidity were women in poorest,[AOR=1.7,95%CI (1.22,2.4)],house wife,[AOR =1.98, 95%CI(1.01,3.89)], daily worker and trade [AOR= 2.13, 95%CI (1.07, 4.22)], parity ≥7 [AOR=2.45, 95%CI (1.26, 4.79)], assisted vaginal delivery[AOR=4.6,95%CI (2.26, 9.37)], cesarean section [AOR=1.64, 95%CI (1.07, 2.51)], and duration of labor (>12hrs) [AOR =1.48, 95%CI (1.13, 1.95)]. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of maternal morbidity among women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum. Factors such as being poorest, house wife and daily worker/trader), parity, operative delivery and assisted vaginal delivery and duration of labor are associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity. Recommendation: Access to quality maternal health care services, education on complications of pregnancy and childbirth, and improvement of overall maternal health outcomes by early detection and management of risk factors could help reduce the prevalence of maternal morbidity.
EFFECT OF INTERCROPPING MAIZE VARIETIES WITH DIFFERENT CROPS ON FUNGAL CONTAMINATION OF MAIZE GRAIN IN DOREBAFANA WOREDA SIDAMA REGION
(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2023) TESHALE TAFESSE LINTAMO
Maize (Zea mays) is attacked by many diseases in the field as well as in the storage. Fungi are among the principal causes of deterioration and yield loss on farmers’ maize. The present study was aimed to identify the effect of different crop combinations in the intercropping systems and maize varieties on fungal contamination of maize grain. The experiment was conducted at dorebafana woreda of Sidama region at rukesa suke kebele and the laboratory analysis was conducted at Hawassa University, College of Agriculture, Plant Protection Laboratory. Three maize varieties (Limu, Kurtu and BH 540) and four cropping systems (Maize sole, Maize with haricot bean intercropping, Maize with mung bean intercropping, maize with sweet potato intercropping) were the treatments. The experiment was laid using completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. For each treatment a sample of 100 seeds were tested for fungal contamination using the blotter technique in the laboratory. A total of six fungal genera consisting of nine species of fungi were isolated from maize grains collected from the experimental field. Fusarium sppwere the most frequently isolated ones followed by Aspergillus spp. The fungal contaminations of maize grains were significantly different (p<0.05) between sol cropping and intercropping treatments. The sol cropping had higher fungal contamination level compared to intercropping treatments. On the other hand, i ntercropping maize with haricot bean has resulted in the lowest fungal contamination followed by intercropping maize with mung bean. Fusarium spp had resulted highest contamination level followed by Aspergillus spp, Penicillium spp, Alternaria spp, Trichoderma spp, and Rhizopus sp. Low level of fungal frequency was recorded on limu maize variety. Whereas the variety kurtu had the highest level of fungal contamination. The result of the present study revealed that maize cropping system affects the level of fungal contamination. In the present study it is also seen that maize varieties tested vary in their resistance to fungal contamination. Thus, good agronomic practices like intercropping and variety selection can play determinant role in reduction of fungal contamination in maize grain. Based on the finding of present study, intercropping maize with haricot bean and variety limu can be used to reduce effect of maize contamination with fungi.
EVALUATION OF WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON MUNG BEAN (Vigna radiata L.) YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS AT TEPPI, SOUTH WEST ETHIOPIA.
(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2023) MULUKEN ASMAMAW
Mung bean is characterized by fast growth, low water requirement, and excellent soil fertility enhancement through nitrogen fixation. The productivity of mung beans is decreased by weeds, diseases, and insect pests. Weed competition is among the most important factors responsible for the low yield of mung bean by as much as 87%. Therefore, this study was initiated to evaluate the effect of weed management practices on yield and yield components of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.). Nine control options (One-hand weeding at 4 weeks after sowing, complete weed control, No-weed control, Haloxyfop-R-methyl ester at 0.3, 0.6, and 0.3 kg ai ha⁻¹ + One-Hand weeding at 4 weeks after sowing, pendimethalin at 1, 1.5 and 1 kg ai ha⁻¹ + One-Hand weeding at 4 weeks after sowing) were compared in randomized complete block design in three replications. The application of herbicides and the weeding practices significantly reduced the broadleaf, sedge, and grass weeds. The highest grain yield (0.98 ton ha⁻¹), total dry biomass (2.82-ton ha⁻¹), and plant height (43.76 cm) were obtained in complete weed control followed by application of pendimethalin at 1.5 kg ai ha⁻¹ (0.92 ton ha⁻¹), total dry biomass (2.78 ton ha⁻¹), plant height (50.03 cm). The lowest grain yield (0.36 ton ha⁻¹), total dry biomass (1.59-ton ha⁻¹), and plant height (64.63 cm) were recorded from the No-weed control plot. The highest number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and weight of a hundred seeds were recorded in complete weed control and application of pendimethalin at 1.5 kg ai ha⁻¹. The results indicated that complete weed control and/or control with pendimethalin at 1.5 kg ai ha⁻¹ were the best management practices to maximize economic benefit. Thus, we recommend using the applications of one of the two weed control methods for the management of weeds in mung bean in Teppi, South West Ethiopia, and locations with similar agroecologies of Teppi.
ASSESSMENT OF MANGO YIELD LOSS AND FRUIT FLY (DIPTERA, TEPHRITIDAE) MANAGEMENT PRACTICES OF MANGO PRODUCING FARMERS IN ARBAMINCH ZURIA WOREDA, ETHIOPIA
(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2023) ESSEYNESH ALEMAYEHU FENTAHUN
Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a valuable food and cash crop that contributes to agricultural development agents. This study was conducted to assess mango fruit yield loss due to fruit flies (Diptera, Tephritidae) and management approaches by farmers in Arbaminch, Zuria Woreda. Three administrative kebeles, viz., "Chano mile," "Lante," and "Kolla shele," were purposively selected from the Arbaminch Zuria Woreda. Both survey and assessments were collected. Sixty respondents were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Mango variety, mango pests and their economic importance, abundance, infestation, yield loss estimation, management practices applied for fruit flies and farmers’ willingness to pay for the best management options were assessed. The results were analyzed using SPSS software and presented using descriptive statistics; and the variables were tested by chi-square test. Farmers in Arbaminch Zuria produced five types of mango varieties, with local mango varieties being the most common. All the respondent farmers (100%) had the local mango variety. Common mango fruit pests like fruit flies, white mango scales, mealybug, grivet monkeys, speckled birds, and weaver ants as an indirect pest which may interfere with natural enemies were recognized. The fruit fly species Bactrocera invadens was trapped in the field with the abundance of 43 flies per trap per day (FTD). Fruit flies caused 94.28±10.21 Kg and 29.84% of loss in fruit yield per tree. The mean monetary loss value was estimated to 471,412.3±51010.9 birr/ha/year. The highest infestation was recorded in the peak harvest time (February) which was 40.78%. To overcome the fruit fly damage, mango producers applied different management methods. Of these methods, Methyl Eugenol trapping, field sanitation, burying infested fruits, and smoking the field were the most common. It was concluded that mango fruit flies are the most economically important insect pests of mango in the Arbaminch Zuria Woreda. The study recommends the evaluation and release of less susceptible mango varieties to fruit fly infestation, white mango scale, and other pests and diseases, evaluate the farmers’ practices. And new methods of management to develop a holistic integrated pest management system