Browsing by Author "ABDULKADIR HASEN"

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    TIME TO VIRAL LOAD SUPPRESSION AND ITS PREDICTORS AMONG ADULT HIV PATIENTS WITH HIGH VIRAL LOAD ON ANTI RETROVIRAL TREATMENT IN SELECTED HOSPITALS OF SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY
    (Hawassa University, 2024-06) ABDULKADIR HASEN
    Background: More than 1000 copies of the HIV per milliliter is strongly associated with poorer survival of patients and increased new transmissions of virus. Determining time to viral load suppression and its predictor among HIV patient was crucial to evaluate the implementation of routine viral load monitoring, treatment response and progression toward national target. Objective: To determine time to viral load suppression and it’s predictors among adult HIV patients with high viral load on anti- retroviral treatment in selected hospitals of southern Ethiopia. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted among 344 adult HIV patients initiated to ART from January 01, 2016 to December 31, 2022 on first line treatment regimen. A simple random sampling technique was used to select study participant. Data were collected by Kobo Toolbox and extracted to SPSS for data analysis. Kaplan-Meier was used to estimate time to viral suppression. Cox-proportional hazard model was used to determine independent predictors of viral load suppression. Adjusted hazard rate with 95% CI reported and p-values <0.05 was used to declare statistical significance in multivariable analysis. Results: A total of 344 HIV patient records were reviewed. In this study the overall median time to viral suppression was 5 months. The incidence rate of viral load suppression was 15.3 per 100 person-months. The study found that factors such as no opportunistic infection (AHR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.96), no substance use (AHR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.19, 1.99) and baseline CD4 cell counts 200-350cell/mm3 (AHR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.24, 2.45), and >350cell/mm3 (AHR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.28) were associated with higher chance of viral load suppression. Being on ART drug regimen TDF+3TC+NVP (AHR: 0.21; 95% CI: 0.07, 0.68), and AZT-3TC-EFV(AHR: 0.50; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.96) and ART duration 13-24 months (AHR: 0.72; 95% CI: 0.53, 0.98), 25-59 months (AHR: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.50, 0.93) and above 60 months (AHR: 0.26; 95% CI: 0.12, 0.58), were associated with less chance of viral load suppression at multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The median time to viral suppression was 5 months. Opportunistic infection, baseline CD4 counts, ART dugs regimen, duration on ART and substance use were independent predictors of time to high viral load suppression after controlling for others factors. Prioritizing interventions targeting opportunistic infections and substance use cessation, initiate to DTG contain ART drug regimens could improve viral load suppression and patient outcomes.