Browsing by Author "ASRAT ADISO LIMASA"

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    CONTRIBUTION OF LIVELIHOOD DIVERSIFICATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION IN BORICHA WOREDA, SIDAMA ZONE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University college of Agriculture, 2020) ASRAT ADISO LIMASA
    Climate change remains the major threat for livelihood of smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. This study addresses the contribution of livelihood diversification to climate change adaptation in Boricha woreda, Sidama zone, Ethiopia. Multi-stage sampling techniques were used to select 185households. Primary data were collected using household surveys, key informant interview and focus group discussion. Secondary data were obtained from National Meteorological Agency (climatic data: rainfall and temperature for the period of 1981-2017), published and unpublished sources. Both descriptive statistics and multi-nominal logit model (MNL) were used to analyze the collected data. The results of the study revealed that 96.3% of sample household farmers in Boricha woreda are aware of the occurrence of climate change which manifests itself as changes in temperatures and precipitation patterns. About 89.5% of the farmers indicated temperature was increasing and 88.2% replied that the amount of rainfall was decreasing. Moreover, the finding of the meteorological data reveals that, the average temperature of the woreda shows an annual increment by 0.077oC in the past 36 years. Similarly, there is declining trend of annual rainfall (12.84mm) in the same period with higher inter seasonal variability. The study also revealed that, climate change has affected livelihood components of the community: resulted from low crop productivity (62.2%), crop disease incidence (58.4%), less pasture/grass for livestock (55.1%), loss of income (54.05%), livestock disease incidence (52.2%) and drying river (48.1%) causing increase in rural-urban migration. Consequently, households are forced to diversify their livelihood such as; crop livestock integration and other best practices (84%), agro forestry practices (55%), non-farm activities (31%), off-farm activities (22%), Change from farming to non-farming (9.7%), and migration (8%), while 6% of them still remain with their business as usual. Regarding the advantages gained from livelihood diversification under climate change; 76.7% of the households claimed that, the diversification has increased their income source, 57.8% ensured food security, 55.6% reduced environmental problem, 53.5%increased household asset and 47.5% reduced risk vulnerability. Results concerning factors affecting livelihood diversification: age, family size, education, farm size, livestock ownership, information about climate change and distance from market were found significantly at (p<0.05) affecting the probability of diversifying livelihood activities. Whereas sex, credit service, extension service and saving of households didn’t significantly affected the livelihood diversification in study area. Therefore, development practitioners should pay more attention to those factors which are significantly affecting livelihood diversification before any socioeconomic intervention measures endeavor.