Browsing by Author "SEMALIGNNEGUSSE YOHANNES LIGISO"

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    DETERMINANTS OF CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS IN GAMO ZONE, SOUTH ETHIOPIA- UNMATCHED CASE CONTROL STUDY A RESEARCH THESIS SUBMITTED TO HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, COLLEGE OF MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCES, PUBLIC HEALTH ACADEMIC AND SERVICE DIRECTORATE, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF MASTER OF PUBLIC HEALTH IN FIELD EPIDEMIOLOGY
    (hawassa universty, 2024-05) SEMALIGNNEGUSSE YOHANNES LIGISO
    Background: Leishmaniasis represents a major health problem for the public with a wide range of clinical symptoms, epidemiological variety, and a spectrum of aggressiveness with cutaneous leishmaniasis type being the commonest across the world, especially in developing countries. Up to 1.5 million cases are recorded annually, and more than 350 million individuals are thought to be at risk of cutaneous leishmaniasis. Gamo Zone is one of those areas in Ethiopia currently hit by high burden of the disease, but did not get the necessary attention due to different reasons. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the determinants of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Deramalo and Dita districts of Gamo Zone, South Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: Unmatched case control study design was used in this study. Total of 285 participants with 95 cases and 190 controls with case to control ratio of 1:2 were included. A structured questionnaire adapted from previous literatures was used to collect the data by electronic tool with Kobo Collect. The collected data were exported and cleaned in MS excel, and were imported to SPSS for descriptive and regression analyses. Variables having significant association with development of cutaneous leishmaniasis were tested by binary logistic regression and P-value of 0.25 in bivariable logistic regression was used to select candidate variables for multivariable logistic regression. AORs were calculated at 95% CI to determine the variables having significant associations with CL, and variables having p-value of <0.05 were declared to have significant associations and hence determinants of CL. Results: A total of 285 participants with 95 cases and 190 controls were included in this study and the response rate was 100%. The mean age of the cases was 21.42 and the mean age of the controls was 28.45. Moreover, age categories of less than 20 years (AOR=3.15; 95% CI: 1.42-6.95) and 20 to 34 years (AOR=3.4; 95% CI: 1.4-8.8), availability of gorges in the vicinity (AOR=2.51; 95% CI: 1.22-5.13), presence of active cutaneous leishmaniasis case in the household (AOR=9.27; 95% CI: 4.23-20.33), and presence of previous cutaneous leishmaniasis scar cases in the household (AOR=4.49; 95% CI: 2.03 9.96) were found to be significantly associated with CL.