Crop Protection

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    VARIABILITY FOR YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY VARIABILITY FOR YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY VARIABILITY FOR YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum Solanum tuberosum L.), CULTIVARS TESTED TESTED IN CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2019) ABDU YASSIN
    This experiment was conducted in three replications of the randomized complete block design at Debre Birhan during 2017 main growing season to assess the nature and magnitude of variability in twelve potato cultivars for tuber yield and nutritional quality. There were highly significant differences among twelve cultivars in all characters, except in days to maturity. The highest and lowest total tuber yield was obtained from Bubu (36.86 t ha-1) and Dinkey (16.28 ton ha-1), respectively. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 0.79 to 88.9% and from 0.84 to 92.43%, respectively. Heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM) ranged from 65.35% to 97.53% and from 1.63% to 183.52%, respectively. High heritability values were coupled with high GAM for all characters except for plant height, total carotenoids, starch content and tuber dry matter for which heritability and GAM were moderate. These values were low for days to maturity and tuber specific gravity. Most of the traits can successfully be improved through hybridization and selection. Total tuber yield ha-1 was positively and significantly correlated with marketable tuber yield, average tuber weight, plant height and starch content but was negatively correlated with iron and crude protein content at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Maximum positive direct effect on total tuber yield ha-1 was exhibited by average tuber weight at genotypic level and by marketable tuber yield ha-1 at phenotypic level. Cluster analysis showed that the cultivars were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I was high in average tuber weight and starch content. Cluster-III was high in total carotenoids, crude protein, iron and zinc but low in total tuber yield ha-1corroborating the negative correlation between tuber yield and nutritional quality except Zn content. Results of this study demonstrated that there is sufficient genetic variability among the potato cultivars. However, it is difficult to make conclusion with one season and one location experiment. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate more cultivars over locations and seasons to reach on more valid conclusion.