MA in Community Development

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/137

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Start date: 2020End date: 2024

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    CHALLENGES OF SHOE SHINERS AND THEIR OPINION TOWARDS FORMING COOPERATIVES IN HAWASSA CITY, ETHIOPIA
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-06) ADUGNA WODAJO
    This thesis explores the challenges faced by shoe shiners and their opinion on forming cooperatives in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach with a concurrent embedded design. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to ensure the representation of all sub-cities. The quantitative data was collected from 299 shoe shiners through structured questionnaire survey and 5- point Likert scale questionnaires. The qualitative data from 14 interviewees enriched the quantitative data. Data analysis was performed using statistical software for social sciences (SPSS-27), applying both descriptive and inferential statistics. The finding revealed significant disparities in the distribution of sex and age among sample respondents, with a noticeable dominance of young male participants, particularly in the 18–25 age brackets, which account for 74.6% of the sample. Furthermore, the educational levels among participants predominantly range from illiteracy to primary education. Factors contributing to shoe shiners' engagement in the job are working to be self-reliant, assisting their parents, having no one to support them, being forced to work by guardians, and the demand for shoe shiners. The result shows that shoe shiners have a low to moderate degree of knowledge, with a mean knowledge score of 3.18, but they have a good attitude towards creating cooperatives, with a mean attitude score of 3.59. Regression analysis showed that knowledge regarding cooperatives was a significant predictor, with a one-unit increase in knowledge associated with a 2.34 times higher likelihood of having a favorable view towards creating cooperatives. Younger shoe shiners showed higher odds ratios compared to older ones, suggesting that younger individuals were more likely to have a positive opinion of forming cooperatives. The study recommends various actions to promote cooperative formation among shoe shiners in Hawassa City, such as establishing a cooperative support center, and developing supportive policies and infrastructure to lawfully operate their businesses in the city and accessing different credit and financial services.
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    DETERMINANTS OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS: THE CASE KEMBATA TEMBARO ZONE, SNNPRS, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2023-11) EYERUSALEM KIDANEMARIAM
    The purpose of this study was identifying determinants income diversification of rural households in Kembata Tembaro Zone, SNNPRS. The study employed descriptive research design with mixed quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected by identifying 397 sample respondents through multistage stratified sampling mechanisms. In qualitative analysis 12 key informants were purposively selected. During data analysis both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were employed by using statistical tool named as STATA 16 version. The results of the study revealed that majority of rural households in the study area lead their life by on farm activities of either crop farming, animal husbandry or mixed agriculture. Relatively rural households in the study area earn better mean income from on-farm activities compared to off farm and non-farm activities. Supplementing household income and insufficient agricultural production were primary motive for few rural households to engage in off farm and non-farm activities in the study area. Based on the findings 68.5 % of the respondents have alternative sources of the income and the remaining 30.5% of the respondents merely depends on single income source. Regarding with the major determinants of income diversification, marital status, education status the household head, household income, participation of training on income diversification and infrastructure access were the major determinants of income diversification among rural households in the study area. The study recommends a strengthening adult literacy program, provision of credit access, providing trainings, improving rural infrastructure etc to enable rural household to engage in different activities and enhance income of the rural household in the study area.
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    THE ROLE OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATION IN PROMOTING FOOD SECURITY THROUGH URBAN AGRICULTURE: THE CASE OF ABCD PROJECT IN HAWASSA CITY
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-05) ALEHLIGN MELKAMAYEHU TADESSE
    The study examined the role of non-governmental organization (NGO) in promoting food security through urban agriculture in Hawassa City. In the study, a concurrent embedded design was employed. This mixed-methods approach involved the simultaneous collection of both quantitative and qualitative data, with quantitative data taking a primary role and qualitative data providing supportive insights. Both probability and non-probability sampling methods involving a multi-stage sampling techniques such as purposive, simple random and proportional sampling techniques were employed to select representative samples from each kebele. From a sampling frame comprising 645 project beneficiaries, a total of 247 samples were randomly selected with 0.05 margin of error and 95% confidence level. The quantitative data was collected from 247 ABCD project beneficiaries via both structured and semi-structured interview schedules. Qualitative data was obtained through Key Informant Interviews (KII) involving staff members of NGO. Additionally, Focus Group Discussions (FGD) were conducted with the beneficiaries of the project. These methods served as a means to triangulate and enhance the insights derived from the quantitative data. The ordinal logistic regression model was used to examine the significance of the NGO intervention strategies on the level of project beneficiaries’ food security status. Statistical Packages for Social Science (SPSS) was used to analyze quantitative data. The descriptive statistics findings suggest that approximately 62% of the respondents were involved in both crop production and animal husbandry. The primary strategies of NGO intervention, as revealed by the descriptive statistics, included training, agricultural inputs provision, financial support, MFI linkage, pest management, market facilitation, and water pump provision. The ordinal regression analysis highlighted several factors significantly influencing the food security status of the project beneficiaries. Positive associations with improved food security outcomes were found for MFI linkage, pest management, agricultural inputs, financial assistance, and training. However, water pump availability and market facilitations did not demonstrate a significant correlation with the food security levels of the project beneficiaries. Based on the overall findings, the study recommends several actions. These include integrating education with agricultural interventions, enhancing understanding of animal husbandry, diversifying urban agriculture activities, water resources management, and reevaluating the NGO intervention strategies. Implementing these actions would enable the project to make significant contributions to enhancing food security among households.
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    The Effect of Digitalization on the Financial Performance of Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-03) Melese Abraham Agago
    This research examines the effect of digitization on private commercial bank financial performance in Ethiopia, using return on asset as a proxy for financial performance. The study selected 10 private commercial banks operating in Ethiopia between 2017 and 2023 using secondary data. Key variables were determined based on existing literature to reveal their link and effect on commercial bank profitability. Number of mobile banking user, ATM number, number of internet banking user, number of debit card user, and number of POS terminals was the factors studied. The empirical findings of this study disclosed that number of ATM machines, number of POS machines and number of mobile banking users have significant effect on profitability of private commercial banks in Ethiopia. while the number of debit card users and number of internet banking users are insignificant and this revealed that they could not explain as well as could not affect the return on asset or profitability of Ethiopian private commercial banks.The researcher recommend that Private commercial banks should work aggressively on increasing number of active users’ as equivalent to expansion of digital technologies by creating awareness to their customers, training employees and series follow ups so as to improve effectiveness and efficiency of their asset. Additionally, private commercial banks should work on integrating their systems. This would enable customers to transfer money via mobile or online to another bank without having to open a bank account at the other bank or go to a bank. By solving the issue of integration problems, the banks should start to increase their profitability.
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    THE EFFECTS OF CULTURAL PRACTICES AND INDIGINOUS KNOWLEDGE ON ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN LAKE HAWASSA, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa universtity, 2020-03) TADELECH TEMESGEN
    Lake Hawassa in Ethiopia is one such ecosystem that is currently threatened by degradation needs innovative measures to be conserved. The general objective was to analyze how culture affects resource utilization and conservation by the ethnic groups living in Lake Hawassa ecosystem. The study sample involved 120 households who live in Lake Hawassa ecosystem who were selected using simple random sampling procedure. The study utilized descriptive survey method where data was collected using semi structured questionnaires administered to household heads and face to face interviews with key informants including local community elders. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive analysis inform of percentages, frequencies and chi square test. Pearson-chi squared test was used to establish association between culture and environmental management. The study also revealed that the Chi squared test indicated that there exists a strong significant relationship between cultural aspects such as cultural values and norms and environmental management (x 2=24.83, df =6, P<0.001). The study concluded that culture is a fundamental determinant of environmental attitudes which influence environmental attitudes and values and behavior. The study recommends that policy makers utilize a culture-specific approach in designing environmental policies to develop culturally appropriate environmental laws, regulations and policies. This is to ensure that the rights, livelihoods, and culture of communities are considered in designing of environmental laws, policies and regulations and the communities are actively involved in design of policies for sustainable environmental conservation and management.