Department of Veterinary Medicine

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/95

Browse

Filters

2023 - 20242

Settings

Start date: 2023Subject: search.filters.subject.Sidama

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 2 of 2
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    ISOLATION, MOLECULAR DETECTION AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF SALMONELLA FROM COW MILK AND BEEF IN SELECTED DISTRICTS OF SIDAMA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSTY, 2023-10) TARIKU GEINORO ALLEYO
    Salmonella is one of the most common causes of foodborne diseases and frequently reported for exacerbating increase of multi-drug resistance worldwide. Unhygienic practices throughout food chain and cultural habits of raw animal products contributed for the expansion of the infection and increment in antimicrobial resistance especially in developing world like Ethiopia. A cross- sectional type of study was conducted from December, 2022 to June, 2023. The study was aimed with isolation, molecular detection and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonella from cow milk and beef in Hawassa, Yirgalem and Wondo Genet districts of Sidama Regional State. A total of 216 samples of which 152 milk and 64 beef samples were collected with purposive and simple random sampling methods for isolation and biochemical identification of Salmonella. Positive isolates obtained from bacteriological and biochemical tests were further confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Then, the isolate’s antimicrobial susceptibility profile was tested by using disk diffusion method for twelve selected antimicrobials. SPSS windows version 25.0 was used for statistical analysis. Fisher’s exact test was the measure of association of isolates with different attributes. Bacteriological and biochemical detection tests revealed that 6.5% (N=14/216) Salmonella was isolated from the total sample. However, in molecular detection, only 9 of the 14 isolates were confirmed to be Salmonella using PCR test, which was 4.17% of the total. The proportion was 5.38%, 3.23%, and 2.38% in Hawassa, Yirgalem and Wondo Genet districts, respectively. There was no significant variation in prevalence among the districts and between sample types milk (3.9%) and beef (4.7%) (p > 0.05). Similarly, no significant (p > 0.05) variation was observed in the Salmonella isolation rate among retailers (4.84%), households (5.56%) and farms (1.85%) as well as between yoghurt (6.45%) and raw (3.31%) milk. The result of the antimicrobial susceptibility test showed that Salmonella isolates were 100% resistant to ampicillin, nalidixic acid, clindamycin and cephalothin while they were above 50% sensitive to ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol and gentamycin. Multi-drug resistance (MDR) was demonstrated in all isolates. Overall, this study showed that Salmonella was prevalent in cow milk and beef produced and consumed; and developed MDR which may pose public health concern in the study area. Thus, subsequent regular investigations on serotypes, AMR genes and risk factors as well as rational use of antimicrobials is necessary.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    INVESTIGATION OF FOODBORNE CAMPYLOBACTER SPECIES IN ANIMAL PRODUCTS AND HUMAN FROM SELECTED DISTRICTS OF SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-10) TAJEBE JERJERO TEREFE (DVM)
    Campylobacter species, small, microaerophilic, spirally curved, Gram-negative rods with characteristic fast corkscrew motility, are pathogens of major public health concern of global importance and among the leading cause of zoonotic foodborne gastroenteritis and acute diarrhea in humans worldwide. Human infection typically occurs through ingestion of contaminated foods or water and direct contact with feces of infected animals or humans. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2023 to June 2024 with the aim of investigating the presence of Campylobacter species in selected animal-derived foods (beef, milk, and eggs) and stool samples of diarrheic patients in three districts of Sidama region. For this study, a total of 284 samples, comprising raw beef (n=46), chicken eggshell swabs (n=47), raw cow milk (n=91), and stool samples of diarrheic patients (n=100), were purposively collected. The individual samples were examined using standard microbiological culture techniques and biochemical tests for isolation and identification, followed by species-level confirmation of presumptive isolates by polymerase chain reaction using specific primers. Molecular analysis confirmed the detection of thermophilic Campylobacter species in 17 (6%) of the samples with species distribution of C. lari (35.3%), C. coli (17.6%), C. jejuni (17.6%) and other unidentified thermophilic Campylobacter species (29.4%). The majority of the isolates were detected in chicken eggshell swabs (12.8%, n=6), followed by stool samples of diarrheic patients (6%, n=6), raw beef samples (4.35%, n=2) and raw cow milk samples (3.3%, n=3), but there was no difference (p > 0.05) in all of these prevalence values. The presence of thermophilic Campylobacter species in raw beef, egg, and milk can suggest the products to be important reservoirs posing the risk of foodborne public health hazards. Therefore, to mitigate these risks, it is crucial to enforce adequate safety measures and good hygienic practices in egg, milk, and beef producers and retailers. Adoption of the One Health approach to promote medical and veterinary sectors’ collaboration is recommended to prevent the spill-over transmission of the pathogen between animals and humans and improve public health outcomes.