Social Anthropology

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/156

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    THE LIVING CONDITION OF SLUM DWELLERS IN ARADA KEBELE OF WOLAITA SODO CITY ADMINISTRATION, SOUTH CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-11) TEKALIGN HAILE HALABO
    A slum is a residential area with inferior housing that is underserved and/or overcrowded, resulting in unhealthy, unsafe, and socially unpleasant living conditions. A single residence can fit within this category, but the phrase is typically reserved for bigger areas, either rural or, more commonly, urban. The study is intended to investigate the living conditions of slum dwellers in Wolaita Sodo city administration in a particular area called Arada Kebele. The main aim of this thesis rests on describing the lived experiences and coping mechanisms of slum dwellers, exploring the impacts and consequences of current urban expansion on the slum dwellers in the study area, and exploring the challenges and opportunities of people living in the slum settlement. In doing so, the researcher has employed a qualitative research approach and methods, including FGDs, key informant interviews, observation, and case study methods, by using a purposive sampling design. The data grasped from the site is then analysed through the thematic analysis method, a process that includes arranging, coding, and presenting empirical data from the field, and finally, its findings are presented through narration. The findings indicated that people in the slum environment of the study area are living a miserable life and facing health problems, economic disorder, and social and cultural change due to urban expansion and modernization, and thus its inhabitants are marginalised and economically poor. Even though poverty and rural-urban migration are the major challenges of urban slums, the study mainly focused on the lived experience and the impact of urban expansion on the dwellers and the geographical set and or physical environment of the study area. Finally, based on the findings, recommendations are forwarded.
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    URBAN LAND EXPROPRIATION AND ITS IMPACTS ON LOCAL COMMUNITY: THE CASE OF PERI-URBAN AREA OF KOMBOLCHA, NORTHEAST ETHIOPIA
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-06) MOHAMMED SEID EBRAHIM
    Land expropriation for urban development becomes a hot issue due to rapid urbanization. While expropriation can facilitate urban development, balancing urban expansion with welfare of evicted community is important. This study explores the practice of land expropriation and its impact on local community in the peri-urban area of Kombolcha, Northeast Ethiopia. To achieve this objective, the study used primary data collection methods such as observation, semi structured interview and focus group discussions. The finding revealed that acquisition of land for urban expansion was undertaken without timely notification, inadequate prior public consultation, and exclusion of evicted community from decision-making regarding valuation and compensation. This hinders the affected individuals from effectively preparing and speaking about their rights. The compensation process also looks inconsistent and delay payment, incompletely income assessed, inadequate consideration of some individuals and communal assets, leaving affected households with little influence over the process. The nature of implementation, along with the devastating loss of their lands negatively influences their perceptions towards expropriation. However, the study revealed that the community may collaborate if some pre-conditions are fulfilled. The finding also indicated that expropriation exposes the evicted groups to several socioeconomic challenges including displacement from their livelihoods, loss of income and jobs, which further worsen by inconsistence compensation and lack of comprehensive entrepreneurial training. The social challenges includes erosion of long-standing social networks and established mutual working and support systems, like Jige and Iddir associations. Additionally, the expropriation widens the social class gap by stripping people of their landholding status. The study also revealed that expropriation affects the provisioning services of environment. Thus, the study recommends that ensuring effectiveness of established expropriation proclamations and minimizes widening effect of expropriation needs consideration, unless it may raises concerns over procedural fairness and legitimacy of the process.