Water Resource

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    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF STORMWATER DRAINAGE SYSTEM OF BEDELE TOWN
    (Hawassa University, 2020-10-24) YEROSAN KEBEDE AYANA
    Various factors can degrade the drainage system and reduces its performance. As the role of drainage infrastructure is very high in preventing urban floods, their performance should be monitored and quantified. This study aimed to assess the performance of stormwater drainage systems in Bedele Town. Primary and secondary data were used in this study. The catchment that contributes runoff was delineated using ArcGIS 10.4 software. The Stormwater Management Model (SWMM 5.1) was used to simulate the peak flow rate and water level in the drainage canals by considering the current land use. The intensity duration frequency (IDF) curve was developed by using the Log-Pearson Type III. The peak runoff for 10-year and 25-year return periods was estimated by using the Rational Method. The condition of the existing drainage system was assessed and poor solid waste management, lack of well-connected drainage lines, poor liquid waste disposal, and the existence of fully uncovered areas in the town with drainage structures were identified to be the drainage problem of the Town. From the total area of Bedele Town, 41.1% is uncovered with the drainage systems. The total peak runoff generated from this study area is 15.59 m3/s and the average velocity was 2.5m/s for a 10-year return period. The result from the Rational method as well as SWMM 5.1 shows there is an overflow problem in this study due to the presence of drainage canals with insufficient capacity to carry the runoff generated from this catchment. For a sustainable drainage system, the appropriate use of hydrological analysis, hydraulic design, and stream morphological study should be implemented before carrying out the construction of drainage structures for they were not considered during the construction of the drainage system of the Town. Regular maintenance and frequent clearance of drainage lines, proper integration between roads and drainage structures, provision of additional drainage canals, and improved stormwater management were recommended to solve the stormwater drainage problem of the Tow
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    Performance Evaluation of Ameleke and Halo-Gelana Small Scale Irrigation Schemes located in Gedeb and Wonago Woredas Gedeo Zone Southern Nations, Nationalities and people Region, Ethiopia
    (Hawassa University, 2020-04-06) NATNAEL ZEWDU
    This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Ameleke and Halo Gelana small scale irrigation schemes at Gedeo Zone, southern Ethiopia with command area of 42 ha and 75ha respectively. To achieve the objective primary and secondary data were collected. Ameleke and Halo Gelana irrigation schemes were compared using internal and external performance indicators. In order to evaluate the irrigation water use efficiency of farmers at field level, nine farmer fields were selected from each irrigation schemes in relation to their location (from the head, middle and tail end water users). The internal process indicators which include conveyance, application, storage, deep percolation ratio and overall irrigation efficiency were used to check the internal performance of the two irrigation schemes. From the analyses of the internal performance indicators, the mean conveyance efficiencies per 100m length at main canal were found to be 93.3 and 78% and application efficiencies were found to be 72.13 and 67.55% for Ameleke and Halo Gelana, respectively. The runoff ratio for both schemes was nil as the furrows are closed end type. Deep percolation ratios in the same order of the schemes were found to 28.20 and 32.45% for Ameleke and Halo Gelana. Storage efficiencies of 77.35 and 80.7% were also found for Ameleke and Halo Gelana irrigation schemes, respectively. From the analysis of external indicators, the outputs per cropped area were found as 2,852.77 and 2,179.41 US$ ha-1 for Ameleke and Halo Gelana irrigation schemes respectively, but the value of the outputs per command area of schemes were 2,852.77 and 1,278.59 US$ ha-1 for Ameleke and Halo Gelana irrigation schemes respectively. The output per unit irrigation supply of Ameleke is 0.17 and that of Halo Gelana is 0.13 US$ m-3 . Output per water consumed was 0.18 and 0.14 US$ m-3 for Ameleke and Halo Gelana irrigation schemes respectively. The water use performance of the two schemes were compared, relative water supply and relative irrigation supply were found as 1.06 and 1.07 Ameleke and Halo Gelana respectively. The irrigation ratio of Ameleke was found to be 1.00 which means 100% of command area was under irrigation and that of halo Gelana was 0.59 which means about 41% of command area is not under irrigation during study period. In general, based on the assessment carried out, Ameleke irrigation scheme performed better than Halo Gelana scheme. But there is still a room for improvement of the performance of both schemes specially on improving water delivery system, introducing high value crops and agricultural intensification
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    COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF IRRIGATION SCHEMES: A CASE STUDY OF MAI-SHAWSH AND MIDMAR SMALL SCALE IRRIGATION SCHEMES, IN MEREB SUB-BASIN, NORTH ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2017-03-21) GUESH HAGOS ASRESU
    This study tries to evaluate the performance of small scale irrigation schemes using comparative indicators at Maishawsh and Midmar schemes, Mereb Sub basin, North Ethiopia. This study area has poor water management practice and not evaluated before using comparative performance indicators. To address the objectives of irrigation water use efficiency and on-field irrigation management performance of this study was field measurements related to canal discharge, moisture content determination of the soils, measurement of depth of water applied to the fields using two inches parshal flume, group discussion and informant interview to establish the cost of production and the price produced. The result of this study revealed that, the conveyance efficiency for Maishawsh scheme was 98.95%, 91.03%, and 75.21%, respectively for main lined, secondary lined and tertiary unlined canals of the scheme, and for Midmar scheme, it was 76.89% which was an earthen canal. The computed application, storage, distribution and overall scheme efficiency values are 60.8, 64.2, 93.40 and 46.7% for Midmar while they are 56.8, 70, 94.2 and 42.7% for Maishawsh schemes, respectively. The comparative indicators of agricultural outputs such as land productivity measured as outputs per unit command area and outputs per unit irrigated area are 3461.58 and 3512.8 US$/ha for Midmar while 3120.91 and 3032.46 US$/ha for Maishawsh respectively. The water indicators such as output per unit irrigation supply and Output per water consumed are 0.36 and 0.61 for Midmar while they are 0.25 and 0.54 US$/m3 for Maishawsh schemes respectively. The water supply indicators measured by, relative water supply and relative irrigation supply gave 1.8 and 1.85 for Midmar while they are 2.29 and 2.37 for Maishawsh schemes respectively. This implied that the amount of water supplied was sufficient for the water demand of both schemes. The original irrigable and command area was declined by 2% from the actual irrigated area in Midmar scheme. However, the actual irrigated area was expanded by 3% and 6% from original irrigable and command area in Maishawsh scheme respectively. The financial indicators measured by gross return on investment and financial self sufficiency for Midmar are 91.5 and 69% while they are 91 and 77% for Maishawsh respectively. Based on this result, Midmar irrigation scheme was slightly better than Maishawsh, the reason might be good water management at field level and Midmar water users pay for what they have consumed