MA in International Relations and Diplomacy

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/183

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Start date: 2023Has files: Yes

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    Africa Union Peace Support Operation: Challenges and Prospects. In case of Darfur Crisis.
    (2023-04) Bekalu Asmare
    This study aims at assessing the effectiveness, challenges and prospects of Africa Union Peace Support operation specifically Peace and Security Council since 2004-2022. To reach its objective the study employed qualitative research approaches with purposive sampling technique, data have been collected both from primary and secondary sources. The researcher conducted FGD with selected officials of Five AU PSC and Five from ISS. And also the researcher had interview with three key informants from AUPSC and Two security analysts and researcher of ISS at Addis Ababa. Semi structured interview were conducted with officials and experts from Africa Union. The study identified as the biggest organization called AU played a pivotal role in the peace making, peace keeping and peace establishment in the continent as much as it can. For instance, the effort of Africa Union in Darfur crisis in resolving civil war earlier and its role on the formation of newly independent state called South Sudan, its role in AMIS, AMISOM, Libya crisis and peace dealing between TPLF and FDRE was unforgettable. However, AU is not effective in achieving its objective that are clearly stated on its Constitutive Act because of different internal and external challenges such as unwanted external intervention, lack of coordination among member states, lack of willingness of member states to pay their annual monetary contribution to the Organization, overdependence on foreign aid, exclusive approach and broadness of objectives of the organization as major challenges and the establishment of free trade area, expansions of agricultural industry, integrated systems of transportation and advancement of technology in Africa as prospects of Africa Union.In order to overcome the graved challenges, the researcher sighted the following recommendation as follows: AU shall empower nations economically and encourage member states to actively engage in the victimized part of continent, AU shall follow inclusive approach and invite domestic scholars.
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    ASSESSING OF CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF WOMEN MIGRATION FROM HALABA ZONE OF CENTRAL ETHIOPIA REGIONAL STATE TO THE MIDDLE EAST
    (2023-10) NATHANAEL KUMA KEBEDE
    This study was about the women labor migration from Halaba Zone of CERS to the Middle East. It assessed the causes and consequences of women migration from Halaba Zone to the Middle East. It looked at the various motivations that brought a migrant woman in to decisions of migration to the Middle East. The thesis also targeted to consider into the discrepancies between the expectations of the domestic workers and the reality that they faced in the country of destinations. In this study, quite a number of theories were used to explain the factors and features of migration augmented with the primary data outcomes. The study fully employed qualitative methods of research by taking snowball and expert sampling methods to obtain the research participants. Regarding the research instruments, the researcher employed semi-structured in-depth interview tool to collect data. Likewise, six case studies were narratively presented for discussion in the fourth chapter. The thesis was also produced based on the production of knowledge from the interviewees and the researcher through semi-structured in-depth interviews, case study and focus group discussion supported by secondary data. In its outcome, the study revealed that the migrants from Halaba Zone both that are planning and returnees were not satisfied with their individual or household income. For which reason, economic demands were found to be the basic pushing factors for their decisions; whereas destination countries’ open gates and demands besides enhanced payment in the destination was the major pulling factor. The overall backgrounds of the migrants together with external promoters were also found to constitute the motivations for migration. On the other hand, the expectations of the returnee migrants before their departure from the study site and the realities that they faced in the country of destination were also found to be quite unlike. Besides, language and cultural barriers were depicted as hurdle as incapacitating the interactions of the migrant women with their employers. Of which outcome, most of the domestic workers experienced maladjustment, hitch, and inconveniences. To address women labor migration from Halaba Zone to the Middle East, the study recommends establishing reliable channels for information sharing, conducting awareness campaigns, providing financial support and business skills training, empowering women with destination-specific skills and cultural knowledge, promoting understanding of social norms and language in destination countries, and advocating for bilateral agreements to protect migrant worker rights.
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    Middle East States in the Horn of Africa: Dynamics of Economic, Political and Security Engagements
    (Hawassa University, 2024-05) Endale Tsegaye Mohammed
    The purpose of this research was to study the dynamics of economic, political and security interactions of Middle Eastern States with the Horn of African counties. To achieve the objectives of the study, qualitative and quantitative research methodology were employed. According to the empirical data on trade and investment, there is a strong economic connection between the Middle East and the Horn of Africa. Regarding the two regions' economic, political, and security ties, the results show that the Middle East is more engaged in HoA than HoA is in the Middle East. The observed result suggests that, rather than joint ventures, the investment are primarily fully owned by foreign entities and that the trade relationship exhibits consistent swings. The United Arab Emirates and Türkiye have established significant political ties throughout the Horn of Africa. The United Arab Emirates has significantly improved its political, economic, and security ties with the Horn of Africa in a way and to an extent not achieved by others. Middle Eastern nations must be a part of multinational organizations in order to positively influence the economic, political and security developments on the HoA. Furthermore, there should be transparency in political agreements, direct investment, and security cooperation between Middle Eastern and Horn countries. Diplomats of HoA are trained to negotiate with Western countries buy they are not trained to deal with Gulf countries. They always get the short end of the stick when dealing with Gulf countries. Because of their inescapable interactions with the Gulf, countries in the Horn must strengthen their diplomatic corps
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    ASSESSMENT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT PRACTICE IN RELATION TO EMPLOYEE LABOUR RIGHT: THE CASE OF HAWASSA INDUSTRIAL PARK
    (Hawassa University, 2024-06) ABRAHAM KUSE WOYESA
    xi ABSTRACT This study was conducted with the aim of assessing foreign direct investment (FDI) practices in relation to employee labor rights in the case of Hawassa Industrial Park (HIP). Employing a descriptive research method, a mixed research approach incorporating qualitative and quantitative methodologies was employed, with data gathered through surveys and interviews. 20,364 employees from the target population of the study (392 sample size) were included across eleven companies within the HIP. Purposeful and systematic sampling techniques were used for the representative data collection. The findings of the study revealed concerning Workers at the Hawassa Industrial Park faced significant problems, including low wages, unfavorable working hours, discrimination, and harassment, which led to labor rights violations among employees of the Hawassa Industrial Park. Ineffective enforcement of regulations exacerbated these issues, while weak foreign direct investment practice enabled exploitation by companies. Furthermore, inadequate governmental framework oversight was weak to adequately address labor rights violation problems. The findings of this study concluded that massive labor rights were violated by the practices of FDI companies and the government framework. Finally, it was recommended that FDI companies and the government follow these steps: enhancing the transparency of labor rights policies, reinforcing enforcement mechanisms, encouraging the formation of labor unions, providing proper payment to increase their monthly salaries, and providing comprehensive training programs. By implementing these, promote labor rights and respectful working conditions in the HIP.