College of Agriculture

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The College of Agriculture is committed to advancing agricultural education, research, and community service. It serves as a center for knowledge creation and dissemination in crop science, animal production, natural resource management, and sustainable agriculture.

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    VARIABILITY FOR YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY VARIABILITY FOR YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY VARIABILITY FOR YIELD, YIELD COMPONENTS AND QUALITY OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosum Solanum tuberosum L.), CULTIVARS TESTED TESTED IN CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2019) ABDU YASSIN
    This experiment was conducted in three replications of the randomized complete block design at Debre Birhan during 2017 main growing season to assess the nature and magnitude of variability in twelve potato cultivars for tuber yield and nutritional quality. There were highly significant differences among twelve cultivars in all characters, except in days to maturity. The highest and lowest total tuber yield was obtained from Bubu (36.86 t ha-1) and Dinkey (16.28 ton ha-1), respectively. Genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation ranged from 0.79 to 88.9% and from 0.84 to 92.43%, respectively. Heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean (GAM) ranged from 65.35% to 97.53% and from 1.63% to 183.52%, respectively. High heritability values were coupled with high GAM for all characters except for plant height, total carotenoids, starch content and tuber dry matter for which heritability and GAM were moderate. These values were low for days to maturity and tuber specific gravity. Most of the traits can successfully be improved through hybridization and selection. Total tuber yield ha-1 was positively and significantly correlated with marketable tuber yield, average tuber weight, plant height and starch content but was negatively correlated with iron and crude protein content at both genotypic and phenotypic levels. Maximum positive direct effect on total tuber yield ha-1 was exhibited by average tuber weight at genotypic level and by marketable tuber yield ha-1 at phenotypic level. Cluster analysis showed that the cultivars were grouped into five clusters. Cluster I was high in average tuber weight and starch content. Cluster-III was high in total carotenoids, crude protein, iron and zinc but low in total tuber yield ha-1corroborating the negative correlation between tuber yield and nutritional quality except Zn content. Results of this study demonstrated that there is sufficient genetic variability among the potato cultivars. However, it is difficult to make conclusion with one season and one location experiment. Therefore, it is recommended to evaluate more cultivars over locations and seasons to reach on more valid conclusion.
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    MORPHO-AGRONOMIC, BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF BLACK CUMIN (Nigella sativa L.) IN
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2025) BASAZINEW DEGU GEBREMEDIN
    Black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) is a diploid annual flowering plant native to Southern Europe, North Africa, and Southwest Asia. It is cultivated worldwide for its medicinal and aromatic values. Ethiopia is an important center of black cumin genetic diversity. This study aims to characterize Ethiopian black cumin genotypes using morpho-agronomic, biochemical, and molecular markers (SNPs). A total of 64 genotypes, including 8 improved varieties and 56 genotypes from five Ethiopian regions, were characterized for morpho-agronomic and biochemical traits at Debre Zeit and Kulumsa Agricultural Research Centers. Essential oils and fixed oils were extracted, and their compositions analyzed using GC-MS. Molecular characterization was conducted using DArTseq SNP markers to determine genetic variation and population structure of 94 genotypes. Significant differences were found among genotypes for most morpho-agronomic traits, with substantial variability in essential oil compositions. Biochemical analysis revealed significant differences in fixed oil yield, essential oil content, and yield among genotypes. Molecular analysis indicated high levels of genetic diversity within regions and among genotypes, clustering into two distinct groups. The findings reveal significant diversity and variation among Ethiopian black cumin genotypes, offering valuable insights for conservation and breeding programs. The study emphasizes the need for equal attention to all growing areas for effective crop improvement.