College of Agriculture

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The College of Agriculture is committed to advancing agricultural education, research, and community service. It serves as a center for knowledge creation and dissemination in crop science, animal production, natural resource management, and sustainable agriculture.

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Nitrogen fertilizer

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    EFFECT OF NITROGEN FERTILIZER RATES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF OAT (Avena sativa L.) VARIETIES AT ROBA EXPERIMENTAL SITE IN WAMANGYE ALKASO KEBELE, KOFELE DISTRICT, OROMIA REGIONAL STATE, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2024) HUSSEIN WATTA KALIYO
    Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates on Growth, Yield and Yield Components of Oat (Avena sativa L.) Varieties in Wamangye Alkaso Kebele, Kofele District, Oromia Regional State, Southern Ethiopia Hussein Watta Kaliyo (BSc) Hussein Mohammed ((PhD) Demalesh Kefale (PhD) Absence of nitrogen rate studies and lack of well adapted varieties are the major yield limiting factors for Oat growth and production in the study area. Thus, the experiment was conducted at Kofele District in the 2023 growing season (July - December) to evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer rates on the growth, yield and yield components of oat varieties; and to identify economically appropriate combination of variety and nitrogen level that gives maximum forage and seed yield. Factorial combination of three oat varieties (WALQAA, WAS, SRCP) and five levels of nitrogen (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 kg ha -1 ) were studied in three replications of the Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Data were collected and analyzed by using SAS statistical software. Results showed that the variety and Nitrogen main effects were significant for days to heading, days to physiological maturity, total tillers, effective tillers, spikes plant -1 , plant height, seeds plant -1 , forage yield, above ground biomass, thousand seeds weight, straw yield, grain yield and harvest index. The variety main effect was also significant for plant height at 30 day and 60 days after planting. The Variety x N interaction was significant for days to heading, total tillers, effective tillers, plant height at 90 days, days to physiological maturity, number of seeds per plant, forage yield, aboveground biomass, thousand seeds weight, grain yield, straw yield, and harvest index. The highest forage yield (24.46 t ha -1 ), above-ground biomass (22.5 t ha -1 ) and straw yield (20. 03 t ha -1 ) were obtained from variety WLAQAA at nitrogen rate of 75 and 100 kg ha -1 , respectively. The highest thousand seeds weight (39.30 gm) was obtained from variety SRCP at 100 kg of nitrogen ha -1 while the highest grain yield (6.39 t ha -1 ) was obtained from variety WAS at 75 kg of nitrogen ha-1 . The results of the research indicated that the best variety for forage yield was WALQAA while the best variety for grain yield was WAS. The economic analysis for forage yield revealed that the highest net benefit of 146,737.5 ETB ha -1 was obtained from variety WALQAA with 75 kg of nitrogen ha -1 which gave marginal rate of return (MRR) of 1,110.2%. However, the result of the present study needs to be evaluated and reconfirmed under different agro- ecologies in order to reach a conclusive recommendation. Keywords: Nitrogen fertili
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    GROWTH, NODULATION, AND YIELD OF MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata L. (Wilczek) AS AFFECTED BY THE COMBINED USE OF BIOCHEMICAL FERTILIZERS AT HAWASSA, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2021) TAMIRAT TADEWOS GIYA
    Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. (Wilczek) is a short duration, legume crop cultivated for consumption, industrial processing, with a potential for alleviation of climate change effects on crop production due to its biological nitrogen fixing ability. Integrated use of bio-chemical fertilizers is beneficial in achieving sustainable crop yield improvement and sole dependency on chemical fertilizer is not recommendable due to its unaffordable cost and contribution to climate change. Hence, this experiment was conducted under field condition in the 2019/20 main cropping season at Hawassa University experimental site to determine the combined effects of bio-chemical fertilizer sources on the growth, nodulation, and yield of mungbean. The factorial combinations of four bio-slurry levels (control, 50, 100, and 150%) and four inoculant/N fertilizer treatments (control, 23kg N ha-1 , strain MB-001, and 23kg N + strain MB-001) were laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. Data on growth, nodulation, gas-exchange, and yield parameters were collected following the standard procedures. The results revealed that the interaction effects of bio-slurry and inoculant/N fertilizer had a marked effect on phenology, nodulation, and yield parameters. Combined application of bio-slurry and inoculant/N fertilizer delayed days to flowering and days to physiological maturity. Rhizobium inoculation alone and applying with 100% bio-slurry resulted in significant improvement in nodule number, nodule dry weight, and nodule diameter of mungbean. Similarly combined application of bio-slurry and inoculant/N fertilizer had shown a significant impact on a hundred seed weight, above ground biological, grain, and straw yields. For instance, the application of 150% bio-slurry with 23 kg N ha-1 resulted in the highest biological and straw yield whereas the application of 100% bio-slurry with inoculant resulted in marked improvement of seeds pod-1 and grain yield. Pod number plant-1 and hundred seed weight were highest when 100% bio-slurry was applied. The highest net benefit with the highest marginal rate of return was obtained from the combined application of 50% bio-slurry with 23kg ha-1 N fertilizer followed by 100% bio-slurry with Rhizobium inoculation. From this result, it can be concluded that the application of 50% bio-slurry ha-1 in combination with 23kg ha-1 N fertilizer can be recommended for mungbean production in the experimental area and areas having similar agroecology and socio-economic status.