College of Agriculture

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The College of Agriculture is committed to advancing agricultural education, research, and community service. It serves as a center for knowledge creation and dissemination in crop science, animal production, natural resource management, and sustainable agriculture.

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    RESPONSE OF COMMON BEAN (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) VARIETIES TO DIFFERENT RATES OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER AT NEGELLE BORENA, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2021) GADISA BEYENE FUFA
    Even though its production and demand is highly increasing in Ethiopia due to its fast maturity and nutritional value, Common bean productivity is constrained by soil phosphorus along with proper use of variety. In view of this problem, a field experiment was conducted at Negelle Borena, Southern Ethiopia under rain fed in 2020 cropping season to determine the optimum phosphorus rate needed to get the highest and economically feasible yield of Common bean variety. The experiment was designed in factorial combinations of five levels of Phosphorus (0, 23, 46, 69 and 92 kg ha-1 ) and three haricot bean variety (Hawassa Dume, Omo-95 and Nassir) in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Data on days to flowering, days to maturity, number of nodules plant-1 , number of leaves plant-1 , plant height, number of primary branches plant-1 , number of pod plant-1 , number of seed pod-1 , hundred seed weight, above ground biomass, grain yield and harvest index were recorded and subjected to analysis of variance using SAS software. The results revealed that both P rates and common bean variety had significant effect on days to flowering, days to maturity, number of leaves plant-1 , number of primary branches plant-1 , number of pods plant-1 , number of seeds pod-1 , total above ground biomass, hundred seed weight and grain yield.The interaction effect of phosphorus fertilizer rate and Common bean variety significantly influenced total of nodule number and effective nodules number plant-1 . All parameters tested were positively correlated except days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and leaves number plant-1 was Negatively correlated but plant height was not siginificant with grain yield . The highest grain yield (2.38 tons ha-1 and 2.11 tons ha-1 ) was recorded from 46 kg P ha-1 rate and Hawassa Dume Common Beanvariety, respectively.The highest net return (37,630 ETB ha1 ) with acceptable marginal rate return (1140.54 %) was obtained from Hawassa Dume variety with 46 kg P2O5 ha-1 application. This implies that the growers at the study area can get additional benefit of 11.4054 ETB for every 1 ETB expense by this treatment, followed by Hawassa Dume variety with 23 P2O5 kg ha-1 supply having a net return of 27,080ETB ha-1 . The lowest net economic return was recorded in the Omo-95 variety with zero-P application (17,550Birr ha-1 ). Thus, it can be concluded that application of 46 kg P ha1 and Hawassa dume haricot bean variety were found superior both in productivity and economically at Negelle Borena area.
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    GROWTH, SYMBIOTIC AND YIELD RESPONSES OF SOYBEAN (Glycine max L.) VARIETIES TO BRADYRHIZOBIUM INOCULATION AND PHOSPHORUS APPLICATION AT ALAGE, CENTRAL RIFT VALLEY OF ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2021) AYANA YADETA GEMEDA
    Soybean (Glycine max L.) is one of the most important food legumes of great nutritional value that has the highest protein content (40%) of all food crops and is equivalent to the protein of animal product. However, in Ethiopia its productivity is constrained mainly by low soil fertility and lack of improved varieties. A field experiment was conducted during 2020 belg cropping season at Alage Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia with the objective of evaluating the effects of Bradyrhizobium japonicum strain inoculation and P fertilizer rates on growth, symbiotic and yield response of soybean varieties. The treatments studied includes four P levels (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg P ha-1 ), two inoculation levels (un-inoculated and inoculated with Bradyrhizobium strain; TAL-379) and two soybean varieties (Afgat and Nova) in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement with three replications. The results revealed that the main effect of varieties were significantly (P≤ 0.01) influenced most of measured parameters. The results also revealed that inoculation of soybean varieties with Bradyrhizobium strain TAL-379 significantly (P≤ 0.01) influenced days to maturity, nodule number, nodule dry weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, pod number plant-1 , hundred seed weight, grain yield, above ground biological yield and harvest index. Conversely, days to emergence, days to flowering, plant height and seed number pod-1 was not statistically affected by inoculation of strain TAL-379. The effect of P fertilizer was also significant for most of studied parameters except branch number and harvest index. The interaction effect of varieties x strain, strain x P, and varieties x P caused significant variation on days to maturity, number of nodule, nodule dry weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight, pod plant-1 , hundred seed weight, grain yield and above ground biological yield. Hence, the use of Afgat variety with Bradyrhizobium strain TAL-379 inoculation significantly gave the highest grain yield (2.99 t ha-1 ) followed by the interaction of Afgat variety with the supply of 20 kg P ha-1 (2.89 t ha-1 ). Grain yield was positively and significantly correlated with most of studied parameters. From the economic point of view the partial budget analysis of the study treatments revealed that the highest net return (63750 ETB ha-1 ) was gained from Bradyrhizobium strain TAL-379 inoculation followed by application of 20 kg P ha-1 and Afgat variety. Thus, it could be recommended that the use of Afgat variety, Bradyrhizobium strain TAL-379 and application of 20 kg P ha-1 to get higher yield and profit of this crop at Alage Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. However, verification of the result on farmers’ fields across season and areas could be required before wide use of this study to put the recommendation in firm ground