ASSESSMENT OF THE CONFLICT REPORTING BY SRTA AND VOA: THE CASE OF KORE AND GUJI ETHNIC GROUPS CONFLICT IN ETHIOPIA.

Abstract

Conflict is a multifaceted issue that has plagued several regions of Ethiopia in recent years. Conflict has been a source of tension and instability, leading to displacement, loss of life, and economic disruption. The media can play a crucial role in shaping public opinion regarding conflicts. This study examines conflict reporting by the South Radio and Television Agency and Voice of America Rdio on recently developing conflicts between Kore and Guji ethnic groups. Due to the significant escalation of conflict between groups during the period between the end of 2021 and 2022, the researcher chose to focus specifically on the period from January 1, 2022, to July 30, 2022. To this end, there were three research questions, i.e., what is the extent of coverage? What sources are used by the two media outlets in reporting? What are the major types of frames used in the coverage? The study followed a descriptive research design and employed a mixed research method. The study used purposive sampling techniques, which means, the sampled media, the media contents, key informants, and the period were purposively selected. Content analysis and interviews are the major data collection tools. The data was analyzed through quantitative and qualitative techniques. Agenda setting and framing theories were used, as guidance to analyze media coverage, identify sources of stories, and determine the types of framing used by both media outlets. Both media outlets broadcasted a total of 25 news stories about the Kore-Guji conflict. SRTA relies more on government officials as sources, while VOA sources its stories from conflict victims, officials, and conflicting groups, providing a comprehensive understanding. The study revealed that conflict reporting, particularly by regional media outlets, displayed a lack of responsibility. They were found to withhold information about the conflict and not disclose the truth, essentially functioning as an extension of the government in efforts to restore peace in the area, and both outlets tend to bury important information. The study recommended that media outlets should improve their coverage by conducting in-depth investigations and delving deeper into stories. It should be crucial for professional journalists to provide accurate information without immediately assigning blame, and to refrain from using techniques that bury significant details. Recognizing and addressing the role of the media in conflict reporting should be an early consideration in any intervention.