E THE SUS YTILIBANIAT OF RETAW S YLPPU SCHEMES DNA S AE S LANO RETAW YTILAUQ OF PO AT BLE W ETA R S YLPPU IN LARUR AERA S FO TARFE A MIDIG W DERO A, NO HTR S WOH A Z E

Abstract

Sustai an b tili y of ru ar l water s pu ply schemes is very im op rtant of r continued ser eciv of water for the s yteico . woL sustai an b ytili of aw et r s pu ply schemes ma ek s the c mo m tinu y to r ute nr to unpr tceto ed s uo rce. T sih duts y saw c udno cted ni atarfE Gi mid roW e ,ad oN rth awohS Z eno , ot ev aula te ht e us s libaniat ity fo w ta er ppus ly schemes na d tilauq y fo atop lb e taw er ppus ly. roF eht yduts , ruof Ke leb e snoitartsinimda na d 953 suoh e sdloh were r lmodna y se el cted rof irp ram y atad uos r ec s. A latot fo 61 aw ter lpmas es were co ell cted dna xe nima ed for physico-chemic la dna bac ret i golo ic la water uq a ytil lana ys si rf mo ruos ec ; 8 rof wet na d 8 rof rd y se osa n. O ciff e od cume tn er view fo ititnauq es na d ps e ic fic noita fo sche sem c rtsno ucted were osla co udn cted. M lu t elpi il near re rg es is on edom l saw lppa ied ot ide itn fy dete animr nt fo yhpoib sic la dna t ce hnic la facto sr ulfni enc gni th e ilibaniatsus ty of aw ter s lppu y schemes. One yaw AVONA , tigol dna MLR w sa em lp oyed ot see ht e s tsitat ic la id ffer ne ec fo the v baira les at 5% ngis ific tna el ev l and c ro relati no aw s osla nod e ot sbo erve ssa oc snoitai fo v aira bles. morF ht e 91 schemes obse vr ed; 52.63% fo ht em were on tops ps r .gni morF the to lat im orp ev d gnirps s ( =n 8), 37.5% were se im nuf c anoit l dna 52 % ew er ton uf nc anoit l eud ot tniam e an nce dna s gnirp ed v mpole e tn lborp ems. morF the atot l ollahs w llew s ( =n 6) sbo e vr ed 05 % fo ht em we er non - nuf c lanoit du e ot wol pe oitarten n, rb eak ga e fo U-se la dna am i tn e cnan e borp lems. The fi gnidn s revealed taht ht e ac laut pe ofr r nam ec fo water op i tn s were wol ud e ot on n irps ng d eve ol pment rp o lb me s, c gniggol fo the tuops , roop ilauq ty gra ev l sel ce t noi gnirud llew deve mpol e tn , wol taw er tniop s orp t ce t oi n, al ck of ollof w up, wol d htpe fo pene oitart n dna m tnia e an nc .e ojaM r borp lem c cno e ninr g eht r ce ove yr fo taw er ppus ly schemes ope oitar n and tniam e an nce cost saw cal k fo e ofn rcement. In Ze obm dna Lay S ra am ab Kebeles, 6 ot 7 perce tn fo ht e ope itar no dna tniam e cnan c e tso s wer e r ce o ev red ihw le luD it Yege adl dna Yemele s ow chemes er covered be wol 1%. nO va e ar ge, ht e c ytinummo c usno mes 6.57 il te sr of aw ter per head. L wo tnauq ti y per capita c pmusno t noi a saw c rht nommo e fo dn ht e roW e ad ( tsomla lla er is de tn s oot k el ss naht 25 til res fo batop le taw er per uoh se dloh ). tI saw sbo erved aht t sus t nia a lib ity of water us p lp y schemes in ulf ecne d by lliw i ngn ess to ap y (p 0= .0 44 ), O&M (p=0. 00 1), al kc fo art i in ng (p=0.001), a dn pa itr cip ta i no ( =p 0.01). Among dete mr ina tn fo sus t ia n ba i til ,y ga e (p 0= 0. 09), a ecc ss to s ap re ap rt (p 0= .001), oc sn t ur c it on q au l ti y (p=0.001) was found ot b e tats i its ac ll y is g ifin c tna . The hp y is cochemic la te ts fo atad lana y sis wohs ed taht ( CE , pH, T SD , c irolh de, rtin a et , i nor and diroulf e) were wi niht the dradnats fo ES dna OHW tub ngam e uis m dna tahpsohp e saw ba ove ht e s radnat d. T me pe ar t ru e d ffi eren sec (p 0= .0 20 ) be wt ee n w te an d rd y s ae os ns were f uo nd ot be hig lh y si ing fic na t ud e ot season tila .y Ni rt ta e (p 0= .0 31 ) saw uof nd sign ifi ac ltn y di ff ere tn be wt ee n wet and rd y se sa on too due ot orga in c aw st ,e rus fa ec ur n ffo from a irg c lu t aru l nal d with fert zili er d ru ni g wet se sa on. nI ter sm fo im c aibor l re us lt, ht e gniknird w ta er s oh wed latot dna f ce al c filo ro m c noitanimatno ta ht e ruos ec hw ich ma ek s it on t ius t ba le of r dr kni i gn water oprup s .