DETERMINANTSOF COVERAGE AND QUALITY OF POTABLE WATER SUPPLY AND SANITATION IN RURAL AREA OF BORICHA WOREDA, SIDAMA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA

Abstract

Clean water is an essential element for human health, wellbeing, and prosperity. Everyhuman being has the right to access safe drinking water. But, nowadays, due to rapid population growth, lack of sustainable development, and climate change; people around the world face a problem of water scarcity. This study aimed to identify the determinants of coverage and quality of potable water supply and sanitation in rural area of Boricha woreda, Sidama regional state, Ethiopia.A community-based cross-sectional study was carried in 2022 from four rural kebeles. 13water samples were taken forphysico-chemical and bacteriological parameters analysis,Data collection samples were selected randomly to each kebeles’ households. MS Excel and stata-14 were used to enter and analyze the data.85 households were selected from Four kebele by systematic sampling methods; from which 71(83.53%) men and 14(16.47%) were women. Based on the study undertaken, 79.41% of households used improved and 20.59 % of households used unimproved drinking water sources. Household’s drinking water sources are significantly associated with age of the household head, educational level, hand washing facilities, defecation, the availability latrine, treatment method, cause of quality potable water and perception of the household head factors were significantly determining the sanitation with the drinking water sources.The average values physic-chemical parameters Temperature 20.98°C Turbidity 1.29 NTU, PH 6.65-6.08,Electro conductivity 400.11 μs/cm, Phosphate 4.07 mg/l, Total hardness 105.16 mg/l, Nitrate 3.37 mg/l and Chloride 5.28 mg/l. The average values Bacteriological parameters of drinking water in study area: Total coliform 23.25 cfu and Feacal coliform 3.17cfu the point of consumption and storage respectively. In terms of physic chemical parameter of drinking water: PH, total dissolved solid, electro conductivity, total hardness and nitrate values; are at allowable level comparing with WHO guide line. On other hand; the mean values of temperature, iron and fluoride were much greater than WHO guideline value. I conclude that, according to the finding access of quality drinking water coverage is very low and scarcity to meet the demands of the community.