Agronomy

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    EFFECTS OF BLENDED NPS FERTILIZER RATES ON GROWTH, YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.) VARIETIES IN GORCHE DISTRICT, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2023) TAMIRU ELIAS YETERA
    Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop in the southern highland of Ethiopia; however, its yield is low due to low productivity of farmers cultivar in use and a decline in soil fertility due to nutrient depletion. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of blended NPS fertilizer rates on the growth, yield, and yield components of bread wheat varieties and their economic viability in the Gorche district of the Sidama region of southern Ethiopia, during the main cropping season of 2021. The factors studied consist of four fertilizer rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg NPS ha-1 ), and three bread wheat varieties (Wane, Kingbird, and Hidase). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with a factorial arrangement with three replications. Days to heading, days to maturity, plant height, number of tillers, spike length, straw yield, number of kernels per spike, grain yield, and 1000 seed weight were significantly affected by both fertilizer rate and varieties, but their interactions were not significant. From the results of this study, a higher grain yield of 2884.4 kg ha-1 was obtained from the Hidase variety. Likewise, a higher grain yield (3363.0 kg ha-1) was obtained from 150 kg NPS ha-1 . However, the bread wheat yield obtained at NPS rates 100 and 150 kg ha-1 did not show statistically significant differences with each other. Moreover, the Hidase variety at 100 kg ha-1 NPS rate was found to be superior in terms of economic viability. Therefore, the Hidase variety and application of 100 kg NPS ha-1 were recommended for the study area. However, as the experiment was conducted only for a single season, the repeat of the study is suggested for more seasons around the Gorche area and similar agroecology.
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    EFFECT OF ROW SPACING ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L) VARIETIES AT SHESHEMENE DISTRICT, WEST ARSI ZONE IN OROMIA REGIONAL STATE.
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2023) JEMILA MENGISTU
    Wheat is among important cereal crops produced by many farmerrs in Ethiopia, having a great nutritional and economic importance. However its productivity has been constrained due to various biotic and abiotic factors. An experiment was conducted at Farmers’ Training Centre of Sheshemene, West Arisi zone of Oromia Region in Ethiopia in 2021 main cropping season, to study the response of different wheat varieties to various row spacing. The experiment was laid out in RCBD design with Factorial Arrangement having four replications. Four varieties of Bread wheat (Shorma, Pavon 76, Ogolcho and King bird) and three row spacing (15, 25 and 35 cm) were studied during the course of study. The interaction effect of variety and row spacing were not significant in yield, plant height and harvesting index and characters studied. The effects of row spacing was not significant either on number of tillers, spike length and days to maturity. However, the effect of row spacing was significant (P<0.05) on harvest index, ,number of seeds per spike, thousand seed weight ,plant height, total biomass weight, days to heading and grain yield. For each trait the maximum value was obtained at row spacing of 15 cm. The effect of variety was significant on all parameters . Variety shorma had the maximum values in number of tillers(10.2), plant height (81.8 cm), total biomass weight (4.39g), grain yield (4405 kg/ha), spike length (7.32cm), number of seeds per spike (57.0kg), and thousand seed weight (37.5 gram). The use of Variety Shorma on spacings of 15cm can be recommended for production of bread wheat for the study area and other areas with similar agro ecologies.Based on reaserch finding15cm spacing gives highire yield with variety shorma .Therfore the effect of row spacin on yield and yield component of bread wheat varieties need father reaserch.