Master of Public Health

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    MAGNITUDE OF URBAN MALARIA AND ITS ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS IN DAMBOYA TOWN, KEMBATA ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (hawassa universty, 2023-11) BIRUK MULACHEW GELESHO
    Background: In Africa, urban malaria is emerging as a potential Health problem. Because of the rapidly growing number of towns in Ethiopia, there is a persistent need to improve the understanding of the epidemiology of urban malaria. Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of urban malaria and its associated risk factors in Damboya town Kambata Zone, Central Ethiopia region. Methods: A Community-based cross-sectional study was carried out in Damboya town from March 7 to May 29, 2023. A total of 422 individuals were randomly selected and a structured questionnaire was employed to collect socio-demographic data and malaria-associated risk factors. Finger/ heel prick blood was used to detect malaria parasites by light microscopy and malaria rapid diagnostic test. Data were entered in Epi data 3.1 and analyzed in SPSS version 25 software. The association between dependent and independent variables was explored by using binary logistic regression analyses. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was calculated and the association was declared at a P-value of <0.05. Result: The overall prevalence of malaria was 5% (95%CI:3.1-7.5) with the predominant P. vivax infections accounting for 61.9%. The presence of stagnant water (AOR=3.88, 95% CI: 1.14-13.22, P=0.030), unavailability of insecticide-treated bed net (AOR=3.24, 95% CI: 1.01 10.41, P=0.048), living in a house with eaves (AOR=4.22, 95%CI: 1.17-15.00, p=0.027), were more significantly associated with malaria prevalence. Conclusion: Malaria is still a public health problem in Damboya town. Thus, improved access to all malaria interventions is needed to interrupt the transmission in the community of this town.
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    PREVALENCE AND FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SEXUAL VIOLENCE AMONG FEMALE HOUSEMAIDS ATTENDING EVENING PRIMARY PUBLIC SCHOOLS IN HAWASSA CITY, SIDAMA, ETHIOPIA: A MIXED METHOD STUDY.
    (Hawassa University, 2024-06) MAEREGE HABTNEH
    Introduction: Threats of rape, attempted rape, rape, sexual harassment, and coerced sexual contact are examples of sexual violence. One of the groups of workers most at risk from sexual violence worldwide is the housemaid. Sexual violence against housemaids remains usually concealed as victims cannot report such offences. This study aims to assess prevalence and factor associated with sexual violence among female housemaid attending evening public schools in Hawassa city, Sidama region, Ethiopia. Objectives. This study intended to assess the prevalence and factors associated with sexual violence among housemaids attending evening primary public schools at Hawasa 2024. Method. School-based cross-sectional study complemented with qualitative approach was conducted among 405 housemaids and 13 purposely selected participant. Simple random sampling was used for the quantitative part while purposive sampling was done to select key informants. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire by Kobo Collect for quantitative study then exported to SPSS, while key-informant interview using semi structured interview guide was used for the qualitative study. Both bivariable and multivariable logistic regression analysis were done to assess the association between independent and dependent variables. The strength of association was determined using the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with their corresponding 95 % confidence interval. P-values of <0.05 were used to declare statistical significance. Tables and diagrammatical presentation were used, and mean with standard deviation were used to interpret continuous variables. ATLAS.ti was used for qualitative data analysis. Finally, the finding was explained by triangulating with the quantitative findings in the result. Result: The prevalence of sexual violence among was 67.9% (95% CI: 63%-72%). The odd of sexual violence was higher among housemaids whose agreement were daily (AOR=11.173, 95% CI =1.220, 15.298), there employer drunk alcohol (4.174, 95% CI = 1.851, 9.416), housemaids origin from rural area (AOR= 2.95 (1.56, 5.55), whereas housemaid living with another housemaid in the household were less likely to face sexual violence (AOR=0.429, 95% CI = 0.218, 0.844). Conclusion: There was a high prevalence of sexual violence among housemaids. Types of agreement, origin of the housemaid, and presence of other housemaid and employers alcohol consumption were significantly associated with sexual violence.