Population and Development Planning

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    ASSESSMENT OF SOIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HADERO TUNTO ZURIA WOREDA, KAMBATA ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA REGION.
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-01) Deselegn Dunamo
    The purpose of the study was to assess the practice and challenges of soil management for rehabilitating degraded land in sampled kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda, Kambata Zone, and Centeral Ethiopia Region. The subjects of the study were 151 survey households’ heads, 16 focused group discussants and 2 natural resource experts and 10 key informants 2 development agents. Totally 181 respondents were participated in this study. Descriptive research design with mixed research approach was employed. Questionnaire, interview, personal observation and focused group discussion were used as data collection tools. Quantitative data was analyzed by frequency, percentage and one sampled t-test while qualitative data was analyzed by descriptive narration. It was generalized traditional land management was practiced in a better way in Mugunga and Homa Kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda. Both physical and biological traditional land management were practiced in study area. The effects of soil management in study area were crop yields increased, soil erosion prevent, soil-water retention improved, productivity of land enhanced, biophysical aspect of land improved, income of farmers increased, fodder for animals obtained and soil fertility improvement. It known that practice traditional land management was not easy and straight forward but was challenged by lack of co-ordination of key stakeholders, limited technical assistance from agricultural office experts, conservativeness of farmers to adopt additional advice than their indigenous knowledge, declinations of farmland size to adopt their indigenous knowledge. Recommendation forwarded were, Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda should make farmers to practice traditional land management together with modern land management to reduce the challenges of technical aspect, physical soil conservation should be constructed at far vertical interval and by focusing on stabilization conservational structures because land size in study area decreased from time to time and farmers and agricultural office experts should work in a coordinated way.
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    ASSESSMENT OF SOIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HADERO TUNTO ZURIA WOREDA, KAMBATA ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA REGION.
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-01) Deselegn Dunamo
    The purpose of the study was to assess the practice and challenges of soil management for rehabilitating degraded land in sampled kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda, Kambata Zone, and Centeral Ethiopia Region. The subjects of the study were 151 survey households’ heads, 16 focused group discussants and 2 natural resource experts and 10 key informants 2 development agents. Totally 181 respondents were participated in this study. Descriptive research design with mixed research approach was employed. Questionnaire, interview, personal observation and focused group discussion were used as data collection tools. Quantitative data was analyzed by frequency, percentage and one sampled t-test while qualitative data was analyzed by descriptive narration. It was generalized traditional land management was practiced in a better way in Mugunga and Homa Kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda. Both physical and biological traditional land management were practiced in study area. The effects of soil management in study area were crop yields increased, soil erosion prevent, soil-water retention improved, productivity of land enhanced, biophysical aspect of land improved, income of farmers increased, fodder for animals obtained and soil fertility improvement. It known that practice traditional land management was not easy and straight forward but was challenged by lack of co-ordination of key stakeholders, limited technical assistance from agricultural office experts, conservativeness of farmers to adopt additional advice than their indigenous knowledge, declinations of farmland size to adopt their indigenous knowledge. Recommendation forwarded were, Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda should make farmers to practice traditional land management together with modern land management to reduce the challenges of technical aspect, physical soil conservation should be constructed at far vertical interval and by focusing on stabilization conservational structures because land size in study area decreased from time to time and farmers and agricultural office experts should work in a coordinated way.
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    CLIMATE INFORMATION SERVICES AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONGSMALLHOLDERFARMERSINSIDAMAREGION,SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA MATHESIS.
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-10-28) KEREYUKEBEDEMARASSA
    Climate information services (CIS) play a crucial role in climate adaptation strategies by mitigating climate-related risks and assisting smallholder farmers in their decision-making. This study explored the current status of CIS and the factors affecting its utilization among smallholder farmers in the Sidama region of Ethiopia. A mixed-methods approach was used, which included household surveys, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and field observations. Multi-sampling techniques were utilized to select woredas, kebeles, and households, with three woredas chosen purposively based on agro-ecological criteria and six kebeles selected through simple random sampling. A systematic random sampling method was applied to gather data from 384 households. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, qualitatively analysis, chi-square tests, and a binary logistic regression model. The results indicated a moderate overall status of CIS in the study area, with 50.8% of farmers having access to these services, though utilization of CIS was low only 33.9% actively utilized them. The primary sources of CIS included agricultural extension officers, radio, television, mobile phones, peer farmers, and village leaders. Access to and use of climate information services (CIS) differ considerably among the agro-ecological zones. In the Kolla zone, around 39.6% of households make use of CIS, whereas the Woinadega zone has a lower engagement rate of 36.9%, and the Dega zone trails further behind, with only 18.9% of households utilizing these services. The study reveals that climate information services (CIS) significantly enhance farm management decisions among smallholder farmers. The main factors determining the utilization of CIS among smallholder farmers included education level, age, size of the farm, availability of credit, access to extension services, weather information, social protection services, income level, market access, and trust in the information provided. To enhance productivity, stakeholders such as the government, meteorological agencies, and agricultural extension services should focus on improving the availability, accessibility, reliability, and utilization of CIS.
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    POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT PLANNING.
    (HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-12) MARGIE FENTA BAYE
    The government of Ethiopia has been running the Rural Productive Safety Net Program (RPSNP) since 2005. RPSNP is one means of reducing rural poverty. Thus, this study aims to examine the contribution of RPSNP in enhancing female-headed households’ food security and asset building in Goncha Siso Ense woreda, Amhara region. The researcher used mixed concurrent research approach to analyze both qualitative and quantitative data. It also used a cross-sectional research design. Both primary and secondary data were employed. Descriptive statistics and the econometric model were applied for analyzing quantitative data. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors that affect households' food security. Paired T-test was used to assess the contribution of RPSNP to the asset accumulation of the household.The findings of the study show that the main selection criterion of beneficiary of the productive safety net program was the amount of farmland available and livestock owned in the household 41.8%, 30.6% respectively. The results indicate that the main type of support from a program was monetary support in the form of cash. The majority of (67.4%) households were improved their current food security status after RPSNP intervention as compared to before RPSNP intervention. In the same way, after joining RPSNP, the livestock holdings, housing quality, farm equipment, and house equipment of these households increased. However, the main challenges of RPSNP implementation were found to be the lack of community participation in public work activities, delay in payment, and distance of payment from Kebele. The binary logistic regression models also showed that household size, farmland size, agricultural input, income, age, livestock, family labor, and agricultural shock significantly affected household food security. Finally, the study recommends that each female headed household should be encouraged to participate in non farm activities, and agricultural extension workers should introduce land-intensive agricultural production technologies.