Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/320
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Item SMALLHOLDER FARMERS‟ STRATEGIES TOWARDS COPPING WITH THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MAIZE CROP PRODUCTION IN KEDIDA GAMELA WOREDA ,KEMBATA TEMBARO ZONE, SNNPR, ETHIOPIA.(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2023) MEHARU GENETOThis study was conducted Small holder farmers strategies towards copping with the effect of climate change on maize crop in Kedida Gamela Woreda ,Kembata Tembaro Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia » Primary data were collected using key informant interviews, group discussions and household surveys with 164 sample respondent households. Both descriptive and inferential (multinomial logit model ) statistics were used to analyze the collected data. According to the result shows about (85.4%) of the respondents have perceived high rainfall amount reduction while 11.6%respondents perceived moderate reduction of rainfall. such rainfall reduction perception by farmers has been confirmed by meteorological data record of the past 30 years. Average annual rainfall of the area has been declined by the rate of 2.269 mm annually. Similarly, 100 % of interviewed farmers said that temperature showed an increasing trend. According to the meteorological data for past 20 years showed that average temperature of the kedida GamelaWoreda was 20.63°C,with minimum temperature of 15.3 °C. And maximum temperature of 25.95°C.The same data confirmed that there is average mean annual temperature increment by 0.13°c. The multinomial logit model results reviled that he most common adaptation strategies practiced by farmers include planting of drought resistant maize crop variety, early maturing maize crop variety, early planting of maize crop variety, high yielding maize crop varieties implementing small scale irrigation practices, fertilizer application of animal manure. The result also indicates that ,age, family size, land size, education, farming experience and climate information are factors affecting household’s choice of maize adaptations strategies in the study area. In the study area the amount of rainfall shows decreasing pattern and temperature increasing for last years. Therefore government should take responsibility for further plan and encourage an effective implementation of an alternative strategies that can minimize the dependency on limited variety of maize crops and take responsibility on appropriate climate change and variability adaptation strategies such as, using of drought resistant maize crop varieties, high yielding maize crop varieties, early maturing maize crop varieties, according to the season early planting of maize crop varieties, practicing water harvesting technology and irrigation practices. And government should provide farmers with extension services, moreover, ensuring credit facilities to enhance farmers’ access to credit, which will increase their capability to adapt climate change.Item ASSEMET OF CLIMATE VARIABILITY IMPACTSE ON WHEAT PRODACTION, FARMERS’ PERCEPTION AND ADAPTAION STRATEGIES: THE CASE OF DOYOGENA WOREDA FARMING COMMUNITIES OF KAMBATA-TAMBARO ZONE, SNNPR, ETHIOPIA(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2022) MULUGETA GEBREClimate variability has adversely affected the livelihoods of people in developing countries where a large proportion of the population is heavily dependent on agriculture. Severe and repeated rise in temperature and rainfall failures caused loss of crops and livestock which resulted in food insecurity in Ethiopia. This study aims to assess farmers’ perception on climate variability, its impacts and adaptation strategies in Doyogena District.The study used multi stage sampling procedure. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select study area. Primary data were collected using key informant interviews, focus group discussions and household surveys with 181 households. Similarly, secondary data were collected from NMA and DWARDO. Descriptive statistics, MNL and SPI were used to analyze the collected data. According to the survey results, about 83% of the respondents perceive that, the rainfall amount in the study area is decreasing. However, long-term recorded 1996-2019 rainfall data showed that the annual rainfall is decreasing by the rate of –6.56 annually over the past 24 years. The mean annual rainfall was 1164.19mm with 11.5% of coefficient of variation which is less variable based on degree of variability. Similarly, 84.70% of interviewed farmers said that temperature is in increasing trend, which confirms the results from the analysis from 1996-2019 recorded data by NMA that indicated the mean minimum and maximum temperatures are increasing by 0.074ºC and 0.021ºC per annum respectively. The study had also shown that farmer’s adaptation strategies include; using improved crop variety, mixed crop livestock system, use of irrigation, soil and water conservation, adjusting planting date and income diversification activities. The marginal effects of MNL model results also indicated that, the adaptation strategies used by farmers were significantly (p< 0.05) influenced by age, family size, farm land size, monthly income and livestock ownership, whereas; sex, access to extension service, access to credit service and farming experience. Therefore, improving farmers’ perception of climate information, and promoting farm-level adaptation strategies such as the use of new agricultural technologies and adjusting planting date must be strengthened in the study area.Item IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ONMAIZE (Zea mays L.) YIELD AND LOCAL ADAPTATION STRATEGIES IN DAMOT-WOYDE DISTRICT, SOUTHERNETHIOPIA(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2021) DAMTEW DATTAThe main objective of this research was to evaluate climate change impacts on maize productivity in Damot-woyde district of Wolayta Zone, Southern Ethiopia. The study investigates and addresses the likely occurrences of climate change on maize productivity. It was explained by future pattern of rainfall and temperature and its impact on maize yield. The existing knowledge and perception of farmers about climate change and adaptation used was assessed. The research methodology was used by employing CORDEX-Africa for RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios of climate model projected data, Aqua Crop model simulation and yield projection using projected rainfall and temperature data and questionnaire based assessment of community perception and adaptations used. The climate data used was near-term (2019-2048) and mid term (2049-2078) projection for rainfall and temperature. The data was quality checked, biased corrected and evaluated with real data and statistical significances. Aqua Crop model maize simulation was verified by Central Statistical Agency yield data. The projected rainfall pattern shows a decrease by 3.7 mm/annual and increase by 4.6 mm/annual under RCP 4.5 for near and mid-term respectively projected to increase by 2.6 mm/annual and decrease by 2 mm/annual under RCP 8.5 for near and mid-term, respectively. Maximum temperature projected to increase by 0.004 and 0.0170-C/ annual for near and mid-term under RCP4.5 respectively. It is projected to increase by 0.024 and 0.0260-C/annual in near and mid-term under RCP 8.5 respectively. Future projected biomass and grain yield of maize is expected to decrease by 0.07 biomass and by 0.05 tone ha-1 grain yield under RCP 4.5 from near to mid-term while, it is projected to decrease by 0.1 biomass and 0.15 tone ha-1 grain yield under RCP 8.5 from near to mid-term. The community adaptation used to combat climate change effects shows that, the smaller holder farmers have somehow good knowledge of existing climate condition and climate change. In addition, some smaller holder farmers has been engaged in practice of climate change adaptation strategies but being come across with different challenges. Therefore, the study recommended the capacity building and supporting smaller holder farmers in regard to climate change adaptation strategies to enables them to cope-up the possible challenges.