Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/320
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Item SMALLHOLDER FARMERS‟ STRATEGIES TOWARDS COPPING WITH THE EFFECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON MAIZE CROP PRODUCTION IN KEDIDA GAMELA WOREDA ,KEMBATA TEMBARO ZONE, SNNPR, ETHIOPIA.(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2023) MEHARU GENETOThis study was conducted Small holder farmers strategies towards copping with the effect of climate change on maize crop in Kedida Gamela Woreda ,Kembata Tembaro Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia » Primary data were collected using key informant interviews, group discussions and household surveys with 164 sample respondent households. Both descriptive and inferential (multinomial logit model ) statistics were used to analyze the collected data. According to the result shows about (85.4%) of the respondents have perceived high rainfall amount reduction while 11.6%respondents perceived moderate reduction of rainfall. such rainfall reduction perception by farmers has been confirmed by meteorological data record of the past 30 years. Average annual rainfall of the area has been declined by the rate of 2.269 mm annually. Similarly, 100 % of interviewed farmers said that temperature showed an increasing trend. According to the meteorological data for past 20 years showed that average temperature of the kedida GamelaWoreda was 20.63°C,with minimum temperature of 15.3 °C. And maximum temperature of 25.95°C.The same data confirmed that there is average mean annual temperature increment by 0.13°c. The multinomial logit model results reviled that he most common adaptation strategies practiced by farmers include planting of drought resistant maize crop variety, early maturing maize crop variety, early planting of maize crop variety, high yielding maize crop varieties implementing small scale irrigation practices, fertilizer application of animal manure. The result also indicates that ,age, family size, land size, education, farming experience and climate information are factors affecting household’s choice of maize adaptations strategies in the study area. In the study area the amount of rainfall shows decreasing pattern and temperature increasing for last years. Therefore government should take responsibility for further plan and encourage an effective implementation of an alternative strategies that can minimize the dependency on limited variety of maize crops and take responsibility on appropriate climate change and variability adaptation strategies such as, using of drought resistant maize crop varieties, high yielding maize crop varieties, early maturing maize crop varieties, according to the season early planting of maize crop varieties, practicing water harvesting technology and irrigation practices. And government should provide farmers with extension services, moreover, ensuring credit facilities to enhance farmers’ access to credit, which will increase their capability to adapt climate change.Item IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND VARIABILITY ON MAIZE (ZEA MAYS L) PRODUCTION AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES OF THE FARMING COMMUNITY IN HAWASSA ZURIA WOREDA, SIDAMA REGION(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2021) TIMOTIWOS MICHAEL DIDISOClimate change which is one of the challenges facing the world and is increasingly affecting peoples’ food security and livelihood specially in developing countries including Ethiopia. This research assessed the impacts of climate change and variability on Maize production and adaptation strategies of the farming community in Hawassa Zuria Woreda. The study used multi stage sampling procedure. Purposive sampling procedure was used to select study area. Primary data were collected using key informant interviews, focus group discussions and household surveys with 184 households. Similarly, secondary data were collected from NMA and HZWANO. Descriptive statistics, correlation coefficient, Mann Kendall trend test, MNL, ASI and SPI were used to analyze the collected data. According to the survey results, about 81% of the respondents perceive that, the rainfall amount in the study area is decreasing. However, long-term recorded rainfall data showed that the annual rainfall is increasing by the rate of 2.216 mm annually over the past 33 years despite statistically non-significant. The mean annual rainfall was 968.5mm with 14% of coefficient of variation which is less variable based on degree of variability. Similarly, 85.30% of interviewed farmers said that temperature is in increasing trend, which confirms the results from the analysis of long-term recorded data by NMA that indicated the mean average minimum and maximum temperatures are increasing by 0.062 oC and 0.028 oC per annum respectively. The data obtained from HZWANO and NMA also showed that, the rainfall of the spring (Belg) season was positive and significantly correlated with Maize production. However, negative relationship was observed between long-term maximum temperature and Maize production. The study had also shown that farmer’s adaptation measures include; using improved crop variety, mixed crop livestock system, use of irrigation, soil and water conservation, adjusting planting date and income diversification activities. The marginal effects of MNL model results also indicated that, the adaptation strategies used by farmers were significantly (p< 0.05) influenced by age, family size, farm land size, monthly income and livestock ownership, whereas; sex, access to extension service, access to credit service and farming experience did not have significant impact. Therefore, to increase and sustain farmers Maize productivity under changing climatic conditions; improving the agricultural production policy measures like: developing drought resistant crop varieties, improving farmers’ perception of climate information, and promoting farm-level adaptation measures such as the use of new agricultural technologies and adjusting planting date must be strengthened in the study area.