College of Law and Governance
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The College of Law and Governance is dedicated to education, research, and public service
in law, governance, public policy, and institutional development.
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Item THE NEED TO INTRODUCE VIRTUAL CURRENCYIN ETHIOPIA: DRAWING LESSONS FROM SOME JURISDICTIONS(Hawassa Universityth, 2024-03) KAMIL NASSIR MOHAMMEDThough physical cash is still widely circulating, Virtual currencies are under more scrutiny than ever as those governments, global corporations, and banks that make decisions begin to take them seriously as a solution for the future. The role of financial intermediaries such as banks in guaranteeing the value of the currency is not needed in cryptocurrency transactions. Due to convenience to account Cryptocurrencies & transact it or otherwise, the popularity of Cryptocurrency is rising day to day in Ethiopia. Ethiopian government, however, warn against the use of Virtual currencies. Because of Virtual Currencies anonymous nature the ban will not be achieved. In addition banning is the cutting of innovation. Virtual Currencies has a number of advantages with their own risks too. The natures and the scope of applications of Virtual Currencies raise important legal compliance issues.To these issues traditional fait money regulations are not always compatible to Virtual currencies. This research tries to address the need of introducing Virtual Currencies, by showing prospects and challenges of introducing Virtual Currencies, in Ethiopia. To address the issue the study has employed doctrinal research to pin point and analyze risks and opportunities of introducing Virtual Currencies and to address the Laws in Ethiopia in ways of introducing Virtual currencies, by analyzing lessons of some jurisdictions. Though it has few risks, introducing Virtual currency is beneficial to the country in collecting tax, protecting the rights of the public, promoting innovation and to adopt central bank digital currency. Therefore, the government should modify or enact new laws and policies in the country to address the growth and effects of using Virtual Currencies, andto introducing Virtual Currencies in Ethiopia.Item THE LEGAL FRAME WORK OF INTEREST FREE MICROFINANCE INSTITUTIONS IN ETHIOPIA: A COMPARLATIVE STUDY(Hawassa University, 2025-11-04) ABDULSEMED BEDEWI NURIThis study endeavors to examine the legal regulations governing interest-free microfinance institutions in Ethiopia with comparisons of Sudan, Egypt, and Malaysia. The research method employed is comparative doctrinal legal research design, which involves scrutinizing secondary data sources such as black and white documents. The qualitative data was analyzed using content analytical techniques that were consistent with the study's objectives. The findings of this study revealed that Ethiopia's legal framework for interest-free microfinance institutions has significant gaps and differences when compared to Egypt, Sudan, and Malaysia. These differences include the specificity of regulations, variations in regulatory oversight and licensing requirements, and the legal basis for interest-free microfinance. Malaysia stands outwith its dedicated legal framework for Islamic finance principles. Addressing these gaps wouldinvolve considering broader legal frameworks, enhancing regulatory oversight, and aligning with international standards. By doing this, Ethiopia can strengthen its legal framework for interestfree microfinance institutions, promoting access to financial services and local economic growth. Therefore, the legislative structure of interest-free microfinance institutions in Ethiopia exhibits gaps and weaknesses when compared to Sudan, Egypt, and Malaysia. These gaps include the lack of specificity in regulations, variations in regulatory oversight effectiveness and capacity, differences in licensing requirements, and a narrower legal basis. These gaps can pose challenges for interest-free microfinance institutions in terms of compliance, clarity, supervision, and consumer protection. To address these weaknesses, Ethiopia should consider enhancing regulatory capacity, aligning with international standards, promoting collaboration, and expanding the scope of the legal framework. Furthermore, Ethiopia can establish a more robust and effective legal framework that promotes the development and growth and of interest-free micro - finance institutions, thereby contributing to financial inclusion and long-term economic progress. Furthermore; it's suggested that National Bank of Ethiopia revise its means of supervising/regulating operations related to free- interest-based micro-financing optimizing outreach effectiveness hence promoting successful establishment/development thereof.