College of Medicine and Health Science

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    INCIDENCE ANDPREDICTORSOFMORTALITYAMONGNEONATESWITH RESPIRATORYDISTRESSSYNDROMEADMITTEDTONEONATAL INTENSIVECAREUNITSOFPUBLICHOSPITALSINHAWASSA,ETHIOPIA.
    (Hawassa University, 2024-04) BITSIT DEMEKE(BSc)
    Background: Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major contributor to increased level of morbidity and mortality among neonates. It is one of the primary reasons for admission in to neonatal intensive care units. This syndrome is one of the main causes of respiratory failure, morbidity, and mortality in Ethiopia, which drives up the expense of neonatal treatment in the country. Ethiopia is one of the top five nations with the highest number of newborn mortalities with RDS being the significant factor. Objective: This study is aimed to determine the incidence and predictors of mortality among neonates with respiratory distress syndrome admitted to the neonatal intensive care units of public hospitals in Hawassa, Ethiopia, 2024. Method: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from April 1-30, 2024. A total of 858 neonates were sampled using simple random sampling. Data were collected from medical records by data extraction tool using KoBo toolbox and exported to STATA version 16 for analysis. Median time, Kaplan-Meier survival estimation curves, and log-rank tests were then computed. Bivariable and multivariable regression were fitted to identify the predictors of respiratory distress syndrome. Adjusted hazard ratio with a 95% confidence interval was subsequently calculated. Variables with reported p-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: A 858 (93.4%) were included in the study. The incidence rate of RDS mortality was 39.475 per 1000 neonate-days (95% CI: 35.33- 43.62) with 8809 neonate-days of observation. Perinatal Asphyxia (AHR: 1.79; 95% CI: 1.37- 2.34), birth weight less than 2500 gram (AHR: 1.70 (95% CI: 1.10-2.64) and hypothermia (AHR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.27-2.17) were statistically significant predictors of mortality of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Conclusion: The incidence rate of mortality among neonates with RDS was 39.475. Perinatal Asphyxia, hypothermia and birth weight less than 2500 gram were significant predictors of mortality of neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. Hence, attention should be given to the care of neonates. xi