College of Medicine and Health Science

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The College of Medicine and Health Sciences is committed to excellence in education, research, and community service in medicine, public health, nursing, and allied health sciences.

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Start date: 2004Subject: search.filters.subject.Ethiopia.

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Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
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    ACCEPTABILITY OF HUMAN MILK BANKS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG BREASTFEEDING MOTHERS WHO ARE VISITING PUBLIC HEALTH CENTERS FOR CHILD IMMUNIZATION IN HAWASSA CITY, SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA, 2023: A MIXED METHOD.
    (hawassa university, 2023-11) ANTENEH BENTI NEGEWO
    Background: Human milk banking is the process by which breast milk is collected, screened and pasteurized for the use to infants especially for premature and low birth weight neonates in health facilities or mothers who cannot breastfeed. This study was planned to discover acceptance of donor breast milk banking and its associated factors among breastfeeding mothers in Hawassa city public health centers, Sidama region, Ethiopia. Objective: To assess acceptance and identify its predictors towards human milk banks among breastfeeding mothers who come for immunization to public health centers in Hawassa city, Sidama region, Ethiopia in 2023. Methods: A mixed method was conducted between March 21 and 2023 to April 30 and 2023 among breastfeeding mothers who come for immunization to public health centers in Hawassa. Data were collected through Interviews and Focus group discussion (FGD). Multi stage (two stage sampling) sampling was conducted. The data were collected by using kobo toolbox and collected data were downloaded into Microsoft excel and then exported into SPSS version 26 for analysis. n=316. Results: - With regards to accepting breast milk donation or banking and willingness to use donated milk for feeding infants 32.0% had good perception towards breast milk donation/willingness for donation, while 68.0% had poor perception and 32.0% had good perception towards donated breast milk/willingness to accept but 68.0% had poor perception. But the only difference is by their reasons. Conclusions and Recommendations: - This study showed that the acceptance of breast milk donation for banking and its use for feeding infants was very low, due to lack of information and misconceptions about the safety of breast milk, along with religious reservations. Therefore, before the initiation of donor milk banking services, a program should be designed to create awareness about donor milk banking among donors and recipients and views of health professionals and policy makers should be collected as they are the immediate stakeholders for the implementation of human milk banking service.
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    BIRTH ASPHYXIA AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG NEWBORNS DELIVERED BY EMERGENCY CESAREAN SECTION IN SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS: MULTI CENTER CROSS SECTIONAL STUDY.
    (hawassa university, 2023-11) SELAM TAMIRU
    Background: Birth asphyxia is the neonate’s inability to initiate or sustain spontaneous breathing. Even though improvements are being made to decrease the number of neonates being exposed, the magnitude and associated factors of birth asphyxia specifically in emergency cesarean sections have not been fully understood. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the prevalence and associated factors of birth asphyxia in parturients who underwent emergency cesarean section in southern Ethiopia university hospitals. Method: A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among 418 parturients in 4 randomly selected university hospitals from February 7 to June 8, 2023 G.C on parturients that gave birth by emergency cesarean section. A systematic random sampling was used to collect the data using a semi-structured and pretested questionnaire from the participants and chart. The data was then encoded and entered into Epi-Data and exported to SPSS. A binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify any associated factors for birth asphyxia and variables with a P value less than 0.25 were entered into the multivariate analysis to identify independent factors. A P-value less than 0.05 was taken as significant. Result: our study found that the overall prevalence of birth asphyxia is 28%. Antenatal visits of less than 4 AOR= 10.83, 95%CI (5.574-21.057), conventional spinal anesthesia technique AOR=5.39, 95%CI (3.043-9.58), and substance abuse AOR= 5.334, 95%CI (1.773-16.05) had a significant association with birth asphyxia. Conclusion and recommendation: Our study showed that the prevalence of birth asphyxia in emergency cesarean section is high. Therefore, professionals must choose wisely the mode of spinal anesthesia and have a thorough history of the parturients substance use. Targeted educational programs should also focus more on maternal antenatal care awareness
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    INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF LOSS TO FOLLOW UP AMONG ADULTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AT PUBLIC HEALTH FACILITIES IN HAWASSA, SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA, 2024
    (hawassa universty, 2024-06) RUTH TESFAYE
    Background: Despite significant progress in treatment and prevention, the global HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a serious threat to public health. HIV-related mortality and morbidity have greatly decreased as a result of ART, transforming HIV into a chronic, manageable condition. However, loss to follow-up hinders efforts to manage the HIV pandemic and is a substantial challenge. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of loss to follow up among adults on ART in Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia 2024. Methods: An institution-based retrospective follow up study was conducted. The study utilized data from four selected ART clinics, collected retrospectively on 459 study participants from September 11, 2018 to September 11, 2023. A simple random sampling technique was employed. Data were extracted from patients' charts and registration books using KOBO Toolbox and exported to SPSS for analysis. The incidence of LTFU was calculated using cumulative incidence and incidence density rates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were employed, providing insights into LTFU patterns. Predictors of LTFU were determined using multivariable Cox proportional-hazard regression. Result: A total of 459 participants were included in the study, contributing 1386 person years of follow-up. The cumulative incidence of loss to follow-up (LTFU) was 16.6%, with an incidence density rate of 5.48 per 100 person-years [95% CI: 4.37- 6.86]. Significant predictors of LTFU included younger age groups (AHR 2.77, 95% CI: 1.06 - 7.19), lack of education (AHR 4.08, 95% CI: 1.34 - 12.43), WHO stage III (AHR 3.06, 95% CI: 1.04 - 8.99), WHO stage IV (AHR 4.64, 95% CI: 1.82 - 11.85), and being bedridden (AHR 3.63, 95% CI: 1.42 - 9.32). These factors were identified as significant predictors of LTFU in this cohort of ART patients in Hawassa, Ethiopia. Conclusions: This study found that the incidence of LTFU was moderate relative to certain global and local findings. Age, education, WHO clinical stage, functional status and CPT treatment are found significant predictors of LTFU. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address the specific challenges faced by the identified vulnerable groups.
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    ASSESSMENT OF MAGNITUDE, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF MATERNAL MORBIDITY IN NORTHERN ZONE OF SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA: A COMMUNITY BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.
    (hawassa universty, 2024-05) NEGASH LAMISO
    Background: Globally, maternal morbidity and mortality remain major public health problems. For every woman that dies of maternal causes, there are at least 20 more women who suffer from infection, disabilities, and injuries relating to pregnancy and childbirth. Despite the increasing magnitude of maternal morbidity in Ethiopia, only a few studies have been conducted in a community-based setting to determine the magnitude and risk factors for maternal illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of maternal morbidity during pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal in Northern Zone of Sidama Regional state. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted, in which a secondary data that was used. A total of 2044 mothers were included in analyses. Data were collected using the Kobo data collection tool. It was extracted and exported to SPSS Version 26 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was done. Statistically significant results were considered at a confidence interval of 95% and a p-value of < 0.05 Result: The prevalence of maternal morbidity was 21.4% (95%CI [19.8, 23.4]) of women who reporting at least one morbidity during their last pregnancy, delivery and postpartum. Factors associated with maternal morbidity were women in poorest,[AOR=1.7,95%CI (1.22,2.4)],house wife,[AOR =1.98, 95%CI(1.01,3.89)], daily worker and trade [AOR= 2.13, 95%CI (1.07, 4.22)], parity ≥7 [AOR=2.45, 95%CI (1.26, 4.79)], assisted vaginal delivery[AOR=4.6,95%CI (2.26, 9.37)], cesarean section [AOR=1.64, 95%CI (1.07, 2.51)], and duration of labor (>12hrs) [AOR =1.48, 95%CI (1.13, 1.95)]. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of maternal morbidity among women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum. Factors such as being poorest, house wife and daily worker/trader), parity, operative delivery and assisted vaginal delivery and duration of labor are associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity. Recommendation: Access to quality maternal health care services, education on complications of pregnancy and childbirth, and improvement of overall maternal health outcomes by early detection and management of risk factors could help reduce the prevalence of maternal morbidity.
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    TREND AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF HIGH FERTILITY RATE IN ETHIOPIA. USING DEMOGRAPHIC HEALTH SURVEY DATA FROM 2000-2019: MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS MODEL
    (hawassa universty, 2024-01) MESFIN BEYENE
    Background: High fertility rate remains one of the most important determinants playing a key role in changing the size and structure of the population of a given nation over time. Even if there were a declining trend in last few years, like many African countries, the fertility rate of Ethiopia is still high, make the nation as the second most populous nation in Africa, after Nigeria. Therefore, this study was aimed to analyze the magnitude, trend and determinants of high fertility (number of children ever born alive ≥ 5) among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia using the Demographic Health Surveys conducted from 2000 to 2019. Method: The trend with cross-sectional study design operated using data from the Ethiopian demographic health survey from 2000 to 2019. A total weighted sample of 44,596 women of reproductive ages were included in the analysis from the latest 2016 EDHS data to compute the magnitude and identify the determinants of high fertility. Multilevel logistic regression analysis assessed the relationship between high fertility and its determinants using STATA software (version 16; StataCorp, College Station, TX). Trend analysis of high fertility assessed using the extended Mantel- Haenszel Chi-square test for linear trend using the OpenEpi (V.3.01) response program and the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with the 95% confidence interval was computed, and a significant association was declared at p value ≤ 0.05. Results: The magnitude of high fertility was 64.6 % (95 % CI, 64.10 - 65.01). The multilevel logistic regression model reviled that high fertility were significantly associated with residing in rural area [AOR = 3.90, 95% CI: 2.85-5.34], lack of formal education [AOR=2.21; 95%CI:1.93 2.53], never used any contraceptive [AOR=1.38; 95% CI:1.24-1.53], early marriage [AOR=2.42; xi 95% CI: 2.11-2.78], childbearing at early age [AOR=2.70; 95% CI: 2.44-3.00], polygamous marriage [AOR=1.47; 95% CI:1.30-1.65], short birth intervals of ≤36 months [AOR=2.36; 95% CI:2.17-2.56] and husband low education status [AOR=3.64; 95%CI:2.12-4.27]. But women with a met contraceptive need [AOR = 0:28, 95% CI: 0.08, 0.93] were less likely to have high fertility. Conclusions: The finding of this study implies that sixty-five out of hundred women in this survey reported having high fertility, and the magnitude and trend did also show significant change during the last two decades. Key determinants of high fertility were early marriage and childbearing at early ages, lack of formal education, low rate of family planning use, polygamous marriage status, short birth intervals of ≤36 months, and unmet needs for family planning that needs public health attention. It is recommended to stakeholders develop new approaches to deal with the primary causes of high fertility factors. Special attention should also be done on improving the Adolescents and Youth Sexual and Reproductive Health (AYSRH) services focused on rural settings
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    Factors associated with lost-to-follow-up among adult hypertensive patients in Holeta town, Central Ethiopia 2024.
    (hawassa universty, 2024-05) Demshu Adugna
    Background: - This study is significant since non-communicable diseases are becoming more prevalent in developing nations, such as Ethiopia. Blood pressure is the primary problem that almost all developing nations face this challenge. To prevent hypertension-related damage and other consequences, it is important that people with hypertension have regular follow-up care. The aim of this study was to determine the causes of follow-up discontinuation among adult hypertensive patients. Method: - We used facility based unmatched case-control study in the town from April 08-May 07/2024. The data was collected by structured questionnaires which adapted from previously used questionnaires. We collect data within a month. A questionnaire was administered by an interviewer to gather data from both cases and controls. Before we started data collection, we had to code each questionnaire. There were consistency and cross-validation checks. The data was collected by Kobo Toolbox and export and analysis was done by SPSS version 20. Result:- A total of 282 respondents—94 cases and 188 controls—participated in the study; participants were between the mean age and Standard divisions of 52.59+11.05 for cases and 50.4+11.17 for controls; male respondents were 54.7% of cases and 56.8% of controls, respectively. Lack of community health insurance (AOR=2.992, 95%CI [1.646, 5.440]), Opinion of thinking hypertension is curable (AOR=2.551, 95%CI [1.265, 5.145]) and waiting time > 1hr (AOR=3.634, 95%CI [2.008, 6.577]) significantly associated with the lost to follow-up. Discussion: - In this study, the factors associated to lost to follow-up among hypertensive patients drop out of follow-up care were identified. From those the factors like: - waiting time at health facility, community health insurance enrollment, Patients knowledge of hypertension treatment and follow up duration. Therefore, The Holeta town health Office and health facilities working with making patients with raised blood pressure beneficiaries of community health insurance service give health education on treatment follow up and improve waiting time of the patients in health facilities
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    IMMUNIZATION DROPOUT RATE AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN AGED 15 – 23 MONTHS OLD AT SHASHAMENE CITY ADMINISTRATION, OROMIA, ETHIOPIA, 2023: A MIXED METHODS STUDY.
    (hawassa universty, 2023-11) GEZAHEGN TILAHUN HAILU
    Introduction: Immunization – proven tool for controlling vaccine preventable diseases and save lives of millions of children. However, most children in developing countries are not fully immunized and dropout rate is high compared to national cut – off points. Despite the vast study by Ethiopians and other scholars on immunization dropout rate, little is known about vaccine dropout and reasons for it throughout all regions. There are also discrepancies in dropout rate in different studies. Therefore, the study aimed to identify immunization dropout rate and its associated factors among children age 15 – 23 month old in Shashamene City administration, Oromia, Ethiopia, 2023. Methods and Materials: A mixed methods community– based cross sectional study design was employed from May19 – June 28/2023. The sample size was calculated using single population proportion formula and with Epi-Info 7 software. Accordingly, a total of 434 study subjects were recruited to the study after considering a 10% non – response rate and 2 design effect. Four focus group discussions and 12 In-depth interviews were conducted for the qualitative study sampled purposively. The data were collected and entered into Epi-Data Version 4.6 and exported and analyzed using SPSS Version 25. A variable with P value less than 0.25 were transferred to multivariate logistic regression model and a P value less than 0.05 considered significant. The qualitative data collected, transcribed, coded, and analyzed using open code software and triangulation made accordingly. Results: The overall immunization dropout rate from completion in the current study setting was found to be 11.5% (95% CI = 0.084 – 0.154). Factors like missed vaccination schedule (AOR = 2.42; 95% CI = 1.110 - 5.296), availability of seat (AOR = 0.03; 95% CI = 0.011 - 0.068)), possession of immunization card (AOR = 0.43; 95% CI = 0.192 – 0.939) and accessibility of facility (AOR = 0.16; 95% CI = 0.057 – 0.430) were significantly associated with immunization dropout rate. The qualitative finding showed that load on vaccinators, shortage of antigens, loss of immunization card, and socio – economic routines contributed to high immunization dropout rate. Conclusion: The immunization dropout rate was higher compared with the national cut of point (< 5%) and WHO reference (< 10%). Staff workload, respondent’s forgetfulness, antigen shortages, lack of reminder systems, unavailability of seats and immunization card possession are main reasons contributed for vaccination dropout.
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