College of Medicine and Health Science

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Subject: search.filters.subject.HIV/AIDS

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    INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF LOSS TO FOLLOW UP AMONG ADULTS ON ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AT PUBLIC HEALTH FACILITIES IN HAWASSA, SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA, 2024
    (hawassa universty, 2024-06) RUTH TESFAYE
    Background: Despite significant progress in treatment and prevention, the global HIV/AIDS pandemic remains a serious threat to public health. HIV-related mortality and morbidity have greatly decreased as a result of ART, transforming HIV into a chronic, manageable condition. However, loss to follow-up hinders efforts to manage the HIV pandemic and is a substantial challenge. Objectives: The objective of this study was to determine the incidence and predictors of loss to follow up among adults on ART in Hawassa, Sidama, Ethiopia 2024. Methods: An institution-based retrospective follow up study was conducted. The study utilized data from four selected ART clinics, collected retrospectively on 459 study participants from September 11, 2018 to September 11, 2023. A simple random sampling technique was employed. Data were extracted from patients' charts and registration books using KOBO Toolbox and exported to SPSS for analysis. The incidence of LTFU was calculated using cumulative incidence and incidence density rates. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were employed, providing insights into LTFU patterns. Predictors of LTFU were determined using multivariable Cox proportional-hazard regression. Result: A total of 459 participants were included in the study, contributing 1386 person years of follow-up. The cumulative incidence of loss to follow-up (LTFU) was 16.6%, with an incidence density rate of 5.48 per 100 person-years [95% CI: 4.37- 6.86]. Significant predictors of LTFU included younger age groups (AHR 2.77, 95% CI: 1.06 - 7.19), lack of education (AHR 4.08, 95% CI: 1.34 - 12.43), WHO stage III (AHR 3.06, 95% CI: 1.04 - 8.99), WHO stage IV (AHR 4.64, 95% CI: 1.82 - 11.85), and being bedridden (AHR 3.63, 95% CI: 1.42 - 9.32). These factors were identified as significant predictors of LTFU in this cohort of ART patients in Hawassa, Ethiopia. Conclusions: This study found that the incidence of LTFU was moderate relative to certain global and local findings. Age, education, WHO clinical stage, functional status and CPT treatment are found significant predictors of LTFU. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to address the specific challenges faced by the identified vulnerable groups.
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    PREVALENCE AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF INTIMATE PARTINER VIOLENCE AMONG HIV-POSITIVE WOMAN ATTENDING ART CLINICS HAWASSA CITY PUBLIC FACILITIES, SIDAMA, ETHIOPIA, 2024.
    (Hawassa University, 2024-09) ENDRIYAS SAMATO
    Background: Intimate partner violence against women is a global public health issue, causing harm to close friends or intimate partners. One in three women has experienced violence, but it's underreported. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the prevalence and associated factors of intimate partner violence among HIV-positive women. Methods: Facility based cross-sectional study with quantitative data collection methods was applied at Hawassa City public Healthcare facilities from March to April; 2024.The sample size will be determined by using openEpi. The facilities were selected by simple random method, and the sample. Data was collected by trained data collectors and collected by face to face interview by using electronic materials. Data was collected by Kobo toolbox and exported to SPSS version 26 and STATA version 16 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses and to analysis was applied. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, a less than 0.05 P-value was considered statistically significant. Result: A total of 554 women responded completely, for a response rate of 98.75%. The mean age of the respondent was 36.08 (SD±7.58) years. In the past 12 months prevalence IPV, who had experienced one of the physical, emotional or sexual questions among HIV positive women was 40.3% (95 CI 36.3, 44.6). Psychological/emotional violence was the most common form, with prevalence of 36% (95%CI 32.9- 41.0%), followed by sexual violence 26 %( 95% CI 22.9- 30.1%) and physical violence 23.8 %( 95% CI 20.2-27.4%). Associated factors among HIV positive women include: disclosing HIV status for a partner or husband [AOR= 1.99, 95%CI (1.057, 3.747), partner alcohol drunk [AOR= 2.755, 95%CI (1.428, 5.313). Conclusion: Intimate partner violence among HIV positive attending ART clinics in study areas were considered to be high and identified as a public health issue. The important factors identified as significantly associated to the IPV among HIV positive women who attending ART clinics were disclose HIV status for partner or husband, Partner who drinks alcohol, women with three or more children, family monthly income less than 2000, history of faced stillbirth and being currently married women were significantly associated. Recommendations: Policy makers and concerned stake holders need to design screening tool to identify IPV in the health facilities, and intervention program implementation should be amended at the grass root level of the community accordingly.
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