College of Medicine and Health Science

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    PREVALENCE OF IMMEDIATE POSTOPERATIVE HYPERGLYCEMIA AND ITS ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG ELECTIVE PEDIATRIC PATIENTS OPERATED IN THE SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITALS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
    (hawassa university, 2024-06) MULUALEM BUNARE
    Background: An increase in blood glucose levels immediately after surgery is known as immediate postoperative hyperglycemia, a serious risk for pediatric patients. It is linked to unfavourable results and extended hospital stays. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of immediate postoperative hyperglycemia and its associated factors among elective pediatric patients who operated in the southern Ethiopian Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, 2024 G.C. Methods: A multi-centre cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 elective surgical pediatric patients in three randomly selected University Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals in southern Ethiopia from February 1 to April 30, 2024. Data were collected using a structured and pretested questionnaire and by reviewing patient charts. Two intern anesthesia students at each site collected data. The primary outcome variable was the prevalence of immediate postoperative hyperglycemia. Data were entered into Epidata version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Binary logistic regression identified factors associated with postoperative hyperglycemia, with multivariable logistic regression using Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals to determine associations and statistical significance at a p-value of less than 5%. Result: In this study, the prevalence of immediate postoperative hyperglycemia was found to be 35.7%, 95% CI (31.3-40.8). Neonates (AOR: 4, 95% CI; 1.3-12.9), infants (AOR: 3.4, 95% CI; 1.2-9.76), toddlers (AOR: 3.73, 95% CI; 1.29-10.76), early childhood (AOR: 4.02, 95% CI; 1.47 10.96), general (AOR: 7, 95% CI; 2.4 -20) and regional anaesthesia (AOR 5, 95% CI 1.7-19.5), intraoperative dexamethasone (AOR 3.0, 95% CI 1.65-5.46), dextrose solutions (AOR 3.33, 95% CI 1.67-6.65), and neurosurgical (AOR 3.68, 95% CI 1.19-11.33) and general surgery (AOR 3.66, 95% CI 1.24-10.84) were significantly associated to postop hyperglycemia. Conclusion: The prevalence of immediate postoperative hyperglycemia was 35.7% (95% CI: 31.3 40.8). Recommendations: vigilant glucose monitoring in high-risk pediatric patients post-surgery. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies and interventions to prevent hyperglycemia.
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    INCIDENCE AND PREDICTORS OF POSTOPERATIVE PAIN IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS UNDERWENT OPHTHALMOLOGICAL SURGERY AT HAWASSA UNIVERSITY COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL: A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY IN 2024.
    (hawassa university, 2024-05) ALEMLANCHI MEBRAT
    Background: Postoperative pain is a type of acute pain that occurs after surgical procedures. Although there have been studies on the incidence, predictors, and management of postoperative pain in the pediatric population, there is insufficient data about ophthalmic surgical pediatric patients. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the incidence and predictors of postoperative pain among pediatric patients underwent ophthalmological surgery at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital in 2024. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 130 participants aged 2 month to 14 years at Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 8 to April 8, 2024. Participants who underwent ophthalmological surgery were included using a consecutive sampling technique. Data was collected by using pretested questionnaires and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 26. The result was summarized by using tables and figures. Logistic regression was used for the analysis technique to see the association of the independent variable and dependent variable. Variable with a p-value of 0.2 at bivariate analysis entered into multivariable analysis and p-value less than 0.05 in multivariable analysis was considered statistically significant. Results: According to this study an overall incidence of postoperative pain in pediatric ophthalmic surgical patients was 69.2% within 24hr after surgical procedure. Age (AOR=3.672, 95% CI: 1.119-12.049), urgency of surgery (AOR=4.441, 95% CI: 1.317-14.975), anxiety (AOR=9.820, 95% CI: 3.348-28.807), and type of surgery (AOR=0.097, 95% CI: 0.010-0.961) were significantly associated with postoperative pain. Conclusion and Recommendation: Based on our study finding, the incidence of pain in pediatric ophthalmic surgery was high compared with other related studies. This shows that, the problem needs attention and awareness should be created regarding the independent predictors. Therefore, Health care providers should target those predictors to minimize the incidence of postoperative pain.
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