College of Medicine and Health Science
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/26
The College of Medicine and Health Sciences is committed to excellence in education, research,
and community service in medicine, public health, nursing, and allied health sciences.
Browse
3 results
Search Results
Item PREVALENCE, INTENSITY, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF SCHISTOSOMA MANSONI INFECTION AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN ALONG AN IRRIGATION LINE IN JIMA ARJO DISTRICT, EAST WOLLEGA, WESTERN ETHIOPIA.(hawassa universty, 2023-10) KUMSA ASEFABackground: In Ethiopia, Schistosoma mansoni infection is a major public health concern. Schoolchildren typically have the largest parasite burden, and the condition has been associated with anemia, stunting, and cognitive impairments, resulting in poor school performance and greater dropout rates, However, there was insufficient information on the present status of these infections to suggest an intervention in the study area. Objective: This study aims to assess the prevalence, intensity of infection, and factors associated with Schistosoma mansoni infection among schoolchildren along an irrigation line in Jima Arjo district, East Wollega Zone, Western Ethiopia. Method: A school-based cross-sectional study was carried out between February and May 2023. Stool samples are collected from 523 schoolchildren, who are selected by systematic sampling techniques, and they were be examined for the ova of S. mansoni using the three-slide Kato–Katz technique and formal ether concentration techniques. A pre-structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic characteristics and possible predisposing factors. Data was entered into Epi-info version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 24 software. Variables with p <0.25 in the bivariate analysis (COR) were entered into multivariable analysis (AOR). A p-value <0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression was considered as statistically significant. Result: The prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection in the selected primary school was 140 (27.4%). In addition to Schistosoma mansoni, Ascaris lumbricoid 158 (30.9%), Hook worm 41 (8%), Trichuris trichiura 24 (4.3%), Hymenolepis nana 20 (3.9%), Giardia lamblia 18 (3.5%), Enterobius vermicularis 9 (1.8%), and Tenia species 7 (1.4%), were other parasites detected in the investigation. The infection intensity of Schistosoma mansoni was 99 (75%) light, 27 (20%) moderate, and 7 (5%) heavy. The rate of Schistosoma mansoni infections was significantly higher among schoolchildren who were involved in irrigation-related activities (AOR, 4.49; 95% CI 2.43–8.31; p = 0.001), who had swimming habits (AOR, 0.31; 95% CI 0.15-0.61; p = 0.01), bath habits in canal water (AOR, 5.19; 95% CI 1.78–15.09; p = 0.002), bathing in spring water (AOR, 3.37; 95% CI 1.11–10.24; p = 0.032), and crossing water bodies barefoot (AOR, 0.30; 95% CI 0.17–0.54; p = 0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence of Schistosoma mansoni infection was moderate and the infection intensity was light. Therefore, it is crucial to use biannual (twice a year) mass treatment and integrated approaches such as behavioural change, snail control, and environmental intervention to reduce these infections to an insignificant level.Item ASSESSMENT OF MAGNITUDE, AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS OF MATERNAL MORBIDITY IN NORTHERN ZONE OF SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA: A COMMUNITY BASED CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY.(hawassa universty, 2024-05) NEGASH LAMISOBackground: Globally, maternal morbidity and mortality remain major public health problems. For every woman that dies of maternal causes, there are at least 20 more women who suffer from infection, disabilities, and injuries relating to pregnancy and childbirth. Despite the increasing magnitude of maternal morbidity in Ethiopia, only a few studies have been conducted in a community-based setting to determine the magnitude and risk factors for maternal illness. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the magnitude and associated factors of maternal morbidity during pregnancy, delivery, and postnatal in Northern Zone of Sidama Regional state. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design was conducted, in which a secondary data that was used. A total of 2044 mothers were included in analyses. Data were collected using the Kobo data collection tool. It was extracted and exported to SPSS Version 26 for cleaning and analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was done. Statistically significant results were considered at a confidence interval of 95% and a p-value of < 0.05 Result: The prevalence of maternal morbidity was 21.4% (95%CI [19.8, 23.4]) of women who reporting at least one morbidity during their last pregnancy, delivery and postpartum. Factors associated with maternal morbidity were women in poorest,[AOR=1.7,95%CI (1.22,2.4)],house wife,[AOR =1.98, 95%CI(1.01,3.89)], daily worker and trade [AOR= 2.13, 95%CI (1.07, 4.22)], parity ≥7 [AOR=2.45, 95%CI (1.26, 4.79)], assisted vaginal delivery[AOR=4.6,95%CI (2.26, 9.37)], cesarean section [AOR=1.64, 95%CI (1.07, 2.51)], and duration of labor (>12hrs) [AOR =1.48, 95%CI (1.13, 1.95)]. Conclusions: There is a high prevalence of maternal morbidity among women during pregnancy, childbirth and the postpartum. Factors such as being poorest, house wife and daily worker/trader), parity, operative delivery and assisted vaginal delivery and duration of labor are associated with an increased risk of maternal morbidity. Recommendation: Access to quality maternal health care services, education on complications of pregnancy and childbirth, and improvement of overall maternal health outcomes by early detection and management of risk factors could help reduce the prevalence of maternal morbidity.Item UTILIZATION OF LONG-LASTING INSECTICIDE TREATED-NETS AND ASSOCIATED FACTORS AMONG MODEL AND NON-MODEL HOUSE HOLDES OF MALARIOUS KEBELES IN WONDO GENET DISTRICT, SIDAMA REGION, ETHIOPIA(hawassa universty, 2024-05) AGEZE BUTA (BSc)Background: Long-lasting insecticidal-treated nets have been widely used as an effective measure to prevent malaria.. Despite the long lasting insecticide distribution in the district, malaria morbidity increased in the study area. Objectives: To assess the utilization of Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated nets and its associated factors among model and non-model households in Wondo Genet District, Sidama, Ethiopia Methods: The community based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Wondo Genet District, Sidama Region, Ethiopia, from April 1 to 30, 2024. By a simple random method, 636 households that had at least one long-lasting insecticide-treated bed net were selected. Model and non-model households were taken from the registration books of health post. Data was collected through face-to-face interviews and observation techniques using the KOBO tool. The SPSS was used to analyze the data. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify associated factors with the utilization of long lasting insecticide-treated nets. Finally, the result was presented by using the crude odds ratio and the adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. In all analyses, variables with a p value less than 0.05 were used to declare a state of significance. Result: The finding indicated that overall utilization of long-lasting Insecticide Treated Nets was 50.8%( 95%CI=46.5-54.5) of which 61.3%(95%CI=55.6-66.8) were from model households and 40.3% (95%CI=34.8-46) from non-model households. Factors significantly associated with the utilization of long lasting insecticides were model householdss (AOR=2.751, 95%CI=1.931-3.918), the presence of under five children (AOR=1.795, 95%CI=1.271-2.535), washing of Long-Lasting Isecticide Treated Netts (AOR=2.378, 95%CI=1.675-3.374), health extension workers visit (AOR=1.453, 95%CI=1.020 2.070),positive attitude (AOR=1.745, 95%CI=1.221-2.494), and female (AOR=0.590, 95%CI=0.413 0.843) were significantly associated with utilization of Long-Lasting Insecticide Treated Nets.. Conclussion: Study showed that model Households were more utilize Long-Lasting Insecticide treated Nets than non-model households. However, overall utilization of Long lasting treated nets were below national malaria elimination targets.The result of this study indicated that, being model households, washing of Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Nets, presence of underfive children, health extension workers visit, attitude, and sex were significant associated factors.