Institute of Technology

Permanent URI for this communityhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/66

The Institute of Technology focuses on education, research, and innovation in engineering, technology, and applied sciences to support sustainable development.

Browse

Has files: YesSubject: search.filters.subject.AHP

Search Results

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    IDENTIFICATION OF GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL ZONE BY USING GIS AND REMOTESENSING IN SUTEN TO TORA SUB-CATCHMENT, RIFT VALLEY LAKES BASIN, SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa Unversity, 2019-10-21) ASCHALEW GURMU
    This study was aimed to mapping of Groundwater potential investigation of Suten-Tora sub catchment in the Rift Valley Lakes basin, Southern Ethiopia. Climate, hydro-geological, land use/land cover, soil, lithology, geomorphology and stratigraphic data were collected, analyzed and inferred. The aquifer characteristics from the well completion reports were used to map the Groundwater flow direction. A Groundwater level contour map; which developed from well completion report is revealed that the Groundwater flows from western towards the center and eastern part of the sub-catchment. The results also inferred from the geological formations show that the Suten-Tora Sub-catchment are mainly covered by partially welded pyroclastic flow, Gash Megal rhyolitic lava flows, Guraghe-Anchor basalt, Nazret welded pyroclastic, Lacustrine sediment, Mesozoic sediment, porphyritic rhyolitic lava domes, Wonji basalts, Precambrian basement complex and recent basalt flows. Moreover, there is also a Geological structure in the study area. The linear feature of these structures are characterized by three distinct interconnected fault trends systems are called in NW-SE, NE-SW and N-S which are more or less affect the availability of Groundwater potential. Among the above listed lithological formations lacustrine sediments, Wonji basalt with scoria deposit and pyroclastic are coincide with high Groundwater potential zone. Similarly a moderate Groundwater potential zone is covered by Geological formations; e.g. Chefe Donsa, un-welded to poorly weld pyroclastic and others small formations. In the other way low and very low potential zones are covered by depositions of Nazret pyroclastic, Gash Megal rhyolite and other similar lithological formations. For the delineation of Groundwater potential zones, the weight over analysis of different factors namely: lineament density, lithology, geomorphology, slope, soil texture, drainage density, rainfall and elevation have been analyzed through the Analytical Hierarchal process (AHP) and ArcGIS 10.3 software. The delineated Groundwater potential zone was categories into four classes namely high, moderate, low and very low potential zone. These delineated Groundwater potential zones class called high, Moderate, Low and very low potential zones are covers an area of around 50%, 20%, 16% and 14% of the total sub catchment area respectively. To conclude that; the center and southeastern parts of the sub catchment have high amounts of Groundwater potential. However the western part has les Groundwater potential. Depend on the validation of output accuracy level; the delineation of Groundwater potential zones by using GIS and remote sensing techniques is important method. Finally it has been recommend that ; the well drillers in this study area suggested to use this Groundwater potential zone map as information
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    ASSESSMENT OF SURFACE IRRIGATION POTENTIAL: THE CASE OF GIDABO WATERSHED, RIFT VALLEY LAKES BASIN, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2019-03-07) AZEMERAW ALEMU
    Ethiopia has immense potential in expanding irrigated agriculture. Irrigable land assessment is essential for the development of irrigated agriculture. The study was aimed at assessing land potential of Gidado watershed. Land suitable for irrigation development was determined with a GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation, which considers the interaction of various factors such as slope, soil, LULC, proximity to river and road. The Analytical Hierarchal Process (AHP) and ArcSWAT were used for analyzing the different factors by assigning weights and mapping of suitable potential irrigable areas and surface water potential of the study area was estimated using SWAT model respectively. The model was calibrated and validated from observed stream flow data at three monitoring sites within the watershed using the periods of 1993-2004 and 2005-2012 respectively by using SWAT-CUP program and Global Sensitivity Analysis (GSA) was used for identifying important model parameters. The irrigable land of the area was identified using weighted overlay analysis of the suitability parameters, thus the result indicated that 1138.31 km2 areas was classified suitable and 2042.19 km2 area was classified as not suitable for surface irrigation. During calibration and validation, the results of model performance indicators were in the acceptable range (R 2= 0.68, 0.73, 0.72), (NSE = 0.60, 0.63, 0.71) and (PBIAS=12.2, -9.0 and -14.0) for Gidabo, Kola and Bedessa rivers respectively which indicated that a good to very good agreement between observed and simulated values. And average surface water resource potential of the catchment estimated to be 86.36m3 /s or 223.86 MCM. However after analyzing 25 years river discharge and determined the water demand of the crop, 74390.89ha (23.39%) of the potential irrigable area was estimated and could be irrigated consistently with runoff from the river systems. For sustainable irrigation development, other suitability factors such as soil chemical properties, socio-economic, environmental issues, and distance from markets and town should be considered
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL MAPPING USING SWAT MODEL AND GIS BASED MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS: A CASE STUDY IN GIDABO WATERSHED, RIFT VALLEY LAKES BASIN, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2022-07-08) BIRUK TAMIRU TADELE
    Groundwater is the water that is located in the subsurface and saturates the rocks and soil beneath the ground surface. Groundwater is the most valuable natural resources for mankind for drinking, industrialization and irrigation in present day, but the availability is reduced gradually due to over exploitation and lack of management. However, identifying the groundwater potential zones in certain areas of Ethiopia is still challenging in terms of time and cost for resolving water scarcity problems and the management system of groundwater. A systematic assessment and identification of groundwater is essential for proper utilization and management of this precious natural resource. In recent years, Geographic information system based studies have gained much prominence in groundwater exploration, because it is rapid and will provide first-hand information on the resource for further developments. Therefore, the present study was conducted with an objective to identify the groundwater potential of Gidabo catchment, Rift Valley Lakes Basin of Ethiopia using SWAT and GIS-based MCDA techniques. Thematic maps were developed, for ten major parameters (recharge, soil, lineament density, lithology, land-us/ land-cover, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, Roughness and Topographic wetness index (TWI)) that affect the occurrence and movements of groundwater. Recharge was simulated by using SWAT model, the rest thematic layers were developed using ArcGIS 10.4 and Weights assigned to each thematic maps were based on their characteristics and water potential capacity through analytic hierarchy approach (AHP). The thematic layers were subjected to weight sum overlay in ArcGIS spatial analysis tool box, to delineate groundwater potential zone map. The resulted groundwater potential zone was categories in to four classes, namely high, moderate, low and very low. Generally Low and very low groundwater potential zones were found around highland area which coincide with structural hills, peak of the mountain and hard geological formation. The accuracy of the output was cross-validated with information on groundwater prospects of the catchment. Finally, it can be concluded that SWAT and GIS-based MCDA-AHP techniques is very effective and useful for the delineation and identification of groundwater potential zones in the study area.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL MAPPING USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING: A CASE STUDY IN WELMEL WATERSHEDE, GENALE-DAWA RIVER BASIN, SOUTHEAST ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2023-08-03) HAILEYESUS HIFAMO HILLO
    To fulfil the demand of a rapidly growing population in drought-prone areas with high rate of urbanization, identification and management of groundwater resources are required. In the welmel catchment, a search for an alternative source of water has been always a major issue. The current practice of groundwater potential zone (GWPZ) identification is time consuming and uneconomical. This study applied integration of GIS-Remote Sensing (RS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for mapping the GWPZ of welmel catchment , Southeast Ethiopia. This technique is a fast, accurate, and feasible technique. Groundwater potential zone influencing parameters were derived from Operational Land Imager 8, digital elevation model(DEM) 20*20 resolution and secondary sources were utilized in this research. These were geomorphology, lineament density , lithology, rainfall, drainage density , slope , elevation , LULC, and soil texture were prepared . Borehole data were used for results validation. All thematic layers were reclassified based knowledge based analysis that was reviewed from different kinds of literature. Then the weight for each factor was assigned according to their relative importance as per suitable based on Saatty's scale of AHP. The important factors result show that geomorphology and lineament density have a higher weight and soil texture has the lowest weight for identifying groundwater potential zone . For weights allocated to each parameter, the consistency ratio obtained was 0.061, which is less than 0.1, showing the weight allocated to each parameter is acceptable. The resulting GWPZ of the study area indicates four zones representing Very Low, Low, Moderate and High . The areal extent of high and moderate GWPZ is 350 km2 and 2256 km2 , respectively. low and very low GWPZ covers 10356 km2 and 1547km2 areas. The particular direction of groundwater flow is towards the NE and SE, coinciding with the direction of surface water flow. The validation result of 82.08% confirms the very good agreement among the groundwater record data and groundwater potential classes delineated. Thus, the identification of GWPZ by using GIS and RS through AHP is reliable for conducting similar studies.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    GROUNDWATER POTENTIAL MAPPING USING GIS AND REMOTE SENSING: A CASE STUDY IN WEYIB SUB-BASIN, GENALE-DAWA RIVER BASIN, SOUTHEAST ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2021-08-12) ABDULGEFAR MUHIDIN MOHAMMED
    To fulfill the demand of a rapidly growing population in drought-prone areas with high rate of urbanization, identification and management of groundwater resources are required. In the Weyib Sub-basin, a search for an alternative source of water has been always a major issue. The current practice of groundwater potential zone (GWPZ) identification is time-consuming and uneconomical. Therefore, it is required to apply effective techniques for proper evaluation of groundwater resources. This study applied integration of GIS-Remote Sensing (RS) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) for mapping the GWPZ of Weyib Sub-basin, Southeast Ethiopia. For this purpose the physiographic, geology and climatic factors influencing GWPZ of the study area were characterized. The thematic maps of geomorphological landforms, lineament density, geology, rainfall distribution, drainage density, elevation, slope, LU/LC and soil texture were prepared. System for automated geoscientific analysis (SAGA) GIS, PCI Geomatics, Rockworks 16, IDRISI Selva and Surfer 17.1, were employed for landform classification, lineament extraction, rose diagram preparation, pairwise comparison of the factors and identification of groundwater flow direction, respectively. The AHP technique of Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) was employed to determine the relative weight and influences of the thematic layers. Geomorphologic landform, lineament density, geology, and rainfall distribution were found to be the dominant factors sharing the highest weightage of 67%. A weighting overlay approach of GIS was utilized to overlay the thematic maps. The resulting GWPZ of the study area indicates five zones representing very high, high, moderate, poor and very poor GWPZ. The areal extent of very high and high GWPZ is 41 km2 and 2032 km2, respectively. Moderate, poor and very poor GWPZ covers 2088 km2, 252 km2 and 0.142 km2 areas. The particular direction of groundwater flow is towards the NE and SE, coinciding with the direction of surface water flow. It was controlled by NW-SE striking geologic structures. The delineated GWPZ map is verified by using the existing water point’s inventory data. It indicates a good prediction accuracy of 84%. Thus, the identification of GWPZ by using GIS and RS through AHP is reliable for conducting similar studies