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    ASSESSMENT WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OF WERABE TOWN WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM, SNNP, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2023-10-21) MIFTA SEID HUSSEN
    It's mandatory to assess the hydraulic performance of water supply distribution systems to address water distribution issues in an urban water supply system. This can be accomplished by analyzing the current status of the water distribution system. This study was aimed to analyze the existing water distribution system in Werabe town using WaterGEMS software. WaterGEMS model was used for automated calibration and analyzing the hydraulic parameters of water distribution system. To reduce the difference between measured and predicted pressure, the model was calibrated at the selected nodes within good performance. The result showed that the water supply coverage was low which covers only 69.5%. besides water demand and supply of Werabe town were not balanced. The people used daily water of 41.7 l/day with the billed water amount is 70% of production and 30% water is considered to be non-revenue (NRW). The simulation result of the existing water distribution system showed that, during peak hour demand 27.68% of junction have within the recommended pressure ranges of minimum 15 m and maximum 70 m H2O. The hydraulic performance analysis also revealed that 82.11% and 44.6 % of total pipes have velocity below 0.6m/s at minimum and peak demand respectively. The study concluded that the hydraulic performance of Werabe town water supply distribution system is running below the expected level. Thus, the high pressures in the distribution should be managed by using pressure reducing valves and a low pressure and velocity should be improved by making rehabilitation of existing boreholes, which satisfy the existing peak water demand
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    HYDRAULIC PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND OPERATION OF WATER SUPPLY SCHEMES IN DAMOT GALE, WOLAITA ZONE IN ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2024-07-23) MATEWOS ELTAMO ENARO
    Water is one of the most essential commodities of every living being in the world. Failure to maintain access to sufficient and clean water is one of the key problems in developing countries, including Ethiopia. The aim of the research is to analyse hydraulic performance evaluation and operation of water supply schemes in Damot gale Woreda, Wolaita Zone Southern Ethiopia Region. For conducting this study, both primary and secondary data were collected and tools such as Water GEMS, GIS and GPS were used. Water GEMS was used for evaluation of hydraulic performance of the schemes. Two sources show 13.33% of nodes were with pressure below allowable limit, 46.7% of nodes were with pressure with acceptable limit and 40.0% of nodes where with pressure greater than allowable limit. The head loss of the scheme shows that 17% of pipes were with head loss below allowable limit, 21.5% of pipes were with head loss with acceptable limit and 61.5% of pipes where with head loss greater than allowable limit. The analysis showed that average per capital domestic water consumption was 20.78 /c/day. Hence, this result indicates there is a big gap between demand and supply. Generally, the result of the analysis showed that, the overall hydraulic performance of water distribution of the study area was poor and, it is therefore significant to improve the water distribution system capacities, changing the diameter of the pipe to get the proper level of pressure and velocity. Among the total schemes 108, 25 schemes were non- functional and the rest 83 schemes were functional. The assessment result showed that 76.85% of schemes are functional. For instance, the rate of non-functionality of hand dug well was 80% and the main cause's non-functionality account 31.25% for yield (quantity). 28.57% of the respondent stated there is great problem of appropriate operation and maintenance, 28.57% of the respondent shows there is lack of post construction support, 19.05% replied is lack of appropriate and timely spare part. Beside 9.52% shows lack of accountability, transparency, financial skill and conflict management technique and finally 4.76% lack of developed rules for service. The driving factors for non-functionality were prioritized from top to bottom as; poor management, weak institutions, a shortage of spare parts, and a lack of funding respectively.