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    EFFECT OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION LEVELS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) IN BENA TSEMAY WOREDA, SOUTH OMO ZONE, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2022-10-27) MEDHIN MADEBO MADA
    Scarcity of water is one of the major constraints for the development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions. Hence, the effective use of available water by deficit irrigation is an alternative means to alleviate the problem and optimize the water productivity of crop in the region. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of deficit irrigation levels applied on yield, yield components and water productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The field experiment was carried out at Bena Tsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six irrigation treatments and three replications. The treatments were five water deficit irrigation levels (85%ETc, 75%ETc, 65%ETc, 55%ETc and 45%ETc) and full (100%ETc) as a control treatment. The result of analysis of variance showed that the different deficit irrigation levels applied had statistically significant (p < 0.01) effect on yield and yield component of sesame. Significant delay in flowering and maturity was observed as the water deficit level increased. The highest plant height, number of branch per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seed per capsule, 1000-seed weight, aboveground biomass, harvest index and straw yield were observed under control treatment (100%ETc), while the lowest observed in 45%ETc treatment respectively. The maximum grain yield (2164.56 kg/ha) was observed under control (100%ETc), while the minimum (1377.37 kg/ha) was obtained from 45%ETc treatment level. From the mean result of grain yield it was observed that control treatment (100%ETc) significantly different from all treatments except treatment under 85%ETc. The highest water productivity (0.55kg/m3 ) was observed under 45%ETc, while the lowest (0.39 kg/m3 ) was at control treatment. From the result of study it was observed that the obtained yield response factor (Ky) was less than unity (Ky < 1), this indicates that sesame is tolerant to water stress. From the result of study it was observed that deficit irrigation under 75%ETc resulted in significant water saving and improved water productivity with insignificant yield reduction; therefore, sesame could be irrigated at 75%ETc in region with limited water resource condition
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    EFFECT OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION LEVELS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) IN BENA TSEMAY WOREDA, SOUTH OMO ZONE, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2022-07-21) MEDHIN MADEBO MADA
    Scarcity of water is one of the major constraints for the development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions. Hence, the effective use of available water by deficit irrigation is an alternative means to alleviate the problem and optimize the water productivity of crop in the region. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of deficit irrigation levels applied on yield, yield components and water productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The field experiment was carried out at Bena Tsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six irrigation treatments and three replications. The treatments were five water deficit irrigation levels (85%ETc, 75%ETc, 65%ETc, 55%ETc and 45%ETc) and full (100%ETc) as a control treatment. The result of analysis of variance showed that the different deficit irrigation levels applied had statistically significant (p < 0.01) effect on yield and yield component of sesame. Significant delay in flowering and maturity was observed as the water deficit level increased. The highest plant height, number of branch per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seed per capsule, 1000-seed weight, aboveground biomass, harvest index and straw yield were observed under control treatment (100%ETc), while the lowest observed in 45%ETc treatment respectively. The maximum grain yield (2164.56 kg/ha) was observed under control (100%ETc), while the minimum (1377.37 kg/ha) was obtained from 45%ETc treatment level. From the mean result of grain yield it was observed that control treatment (100%ETc) significantly different from all treatments except treatment under 85%ETc. The highest water productivity (0.55kg/m3 ) was observed under 45%ETc, while the lowest (0.39 kg/m3 ) was at control treatment. From the result of study it was observed that the obtained yield response factor (Ky) was less than unity (Ky < 1), this indicates that sesame is tolerant to water stress. From the result of study it was observed that deficit irrigation under 75%ETc resulted in significant water saving and improved water productivity with insignificant yield reduction; therefore, sesame could be irrigated at 75%ETc in region with limited water resource condition
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    SURFACE IRRIGATION POTENTIAL ASSESSMENT OF BONKOKA RIVER CATCHMENT FOR IRRIGATION SCHEME DEVELOPMENT IN DARA WOREDA, SIDAMA ZONE SOUTHERN REGION
    (Hawassa University, 2019-03-12) ABRAHAM AMENU ANEBO
    Surface irrigation potential assessment is very important for maximizing agricultural production by using surface irrigation method. The objective of this study was to assess surface irrigation potential of Bonkoka river catchment for surface irrigation schemes development in Dara Woreda, Sidama Zone Southern Nation Nationalities Peoples’ Regional State. Surface water irrigation potential assessment was undertaken by using ARCGIS10.3 software application, by using soil data, land slope data and land cover or land use data of study area were used in order to identify suitability of river catchment with respect to soil, land slope, land use or land cover and overlay analysis of soil suitability, slope suitability and land use or land cover suitability were undertaken. And also un-gauge Bonkoka River surface water potential discharge were estimated by using runoff coefficient of gauged Kolla river catchment which had similar soil type, land slope and land use or land cover. Water requirement of crops in the study area was estimated by using Cropwat8.0 software application and the Cropwat8.0 software estimates Reference Evapo-transpiration on monthly basis, Crop Evapo-transpiration, Potential Evapo-transpiration, Crop water requirement. Surface irrigation land suitability analysis result with respect to soil show that 100% of soil (covering an area 2,186 ha) are suitable and suitability analysis result with respect to slope 9% of slope in the study area (covering area 198.52 ha) are in the range of highly suitable to marginal suitable for surface irrigation application. Considering suitability analysis result with respect land cover or land use, land covered by agroforestry covering 28% or 606 ha area and 59% cultivated land (covering area 1,300ha) and remaining 13% grass land (covering area 280 ha) are suitable for surface irrigation application. From overlay analysis of suitability of surface irrigation with respect to soil, slope and land cover or land use result show that 31% of Bonkoka catchment (covering area 676ha) is suitable for surface irrigation.
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    EFFECT OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION LEVELS ON YIELD AND YIELD COMPONENTS OF SESAME (Sesamum indicum L.) IN BENA TSEMAY WOREDA, SOUTH OMO ZONE, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2022-08-11) MEDHIN MADEBO MADA
    Scarcity of water is one of the major constraints for the development of agriculture in arid and semi-arid regions. Hence, the effective use of available water by deficit irrigation is an alternative means to alleviate the problem and optimize the water productivity of crop in the region. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of deficit irrigation levels applied on yield, yield components and water productivity of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). The field experiment was carried out at Bena Tsemay Woreda, Southern Ethiopia. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with six irrigation treatments and three replications. The treatments were five water deficit irrigation levels (85%ETc, 75%ETc, 65%ETc, 55%ETc and 45%ETc) and full (100%ETc) as a control treatment. The result of analysis of variance showed that the different deficit irrigation levels applied had statistically significant (p < 0.01) effect on yield and yield component of sesame. Significant delay in flowering and maturity was observed as the water deficit level increased. The highest plant height, number of branch per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seed per capsule, 1000-seed weight, aboveground biomass, harvest index and straw yield were observed under control treatment (100%ETc), while the lowest observed in 45%ETc treatment respectively. The maximum grain yield (2164.56 kg/ha) was observed under control (100%ETc), while the minimum (1377.37 kg/ha) was obtained from 45%ETc treatment level. From the mean result of grain yield it was observed that control treatment (100%ETc) significantly different from all treatments except treatment under 85%ETc. The highest water productivity (0.55kg/m3 ) was observed under 45%ETc, while the lowest (0.39 kg/m3 ) was at control treatment. From the result of study it was observed that the obtained yield response factor (Ky) was less than unity (Ky < 1), this indicates that sesame is tolerant to water stress. From the result of study it was observed that deficit irrigation under 75%ETc resulted in significant water saving and improved water productivity with insignificant yield reduction; therefore, sesame could be irrigated at 75%ETc in region with limited water resource condition