Institute of Technology

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    ASSESSMENT OF WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK OF ADOLA WAYOU TOWN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
    (Hawassa University, 2022-10-21) SOLOMON SEYOUM DAMISSE
    Water distribution systems are designed to fulfill all requirements of water demand needed for decades. Initial system designs frequently consider any anticipated changes likely to happen. However, as times elapsed they slowly begin to fail to satisfy customer’ requirement; both in quantity and quality. This research was conducted by aiming to undertake the assessment of water distribution network of Adola Wayou Town for existing water distribution system which is located southern Oromia region of Ethiopia. The main objective of this research study was to investigate the states of the existing water distribution system by assessing water demand, and water production, hydraulic parameter analysis and water loss and the cause in the distribution system. The research depend on the secondary and primary data which was collected from design document, literature, journals and reports, field observation, interviews and discussion with water utility office to analysis water loss and the cause and water service coverage. The town water distribution network had been analyzed using computer model Water GEMs connected edition under both steady-state and extended period simulation for the present population scenarios. The simulation result of the model for maximum and minimum pressure and velocity was used as the base to analysis the hydraulic performance of the water network during peak hour consumption times and low consumption times. From the analysis result about 11.62% of the nodes have the negative pressure. Additionally, the model output results indicate that about 63 pipe in water network system has the velocity below minimum requirement of 0.6m/s during peak hour consumption time. The total domestic and non-domestic water demand of town was 3421.12m3 /day. From the water produced from the treatment source the non-revenue water in the town water system was considered as 31.93% of distributed water in distribution system. The actual/real water loss share large volume that accounts about, 312,545.2m 3 /year whereas the apparent loss 60,412.79m 3 /year. The finding of the study showed that the service coverage and average connection per family of the town were estimated in the order of 62.65% and 41% respectively. In general the result of the research study of water distribution network system indicates that Adola Wayou Town water utility office under current situation was inefficient. Accordingly it’s required to provide efficient and more reliable water system through pressure zoning, improving pipe size, and planning another water distribution system, giving more attention to water loss reduction police and strategies to reduce the waste actual/real and apparent loss
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    TECHNICAL ANALYSIS OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM AND ASSESSMENT OF WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE: A CASE OF BESHENO RURAL TOWN, WERA DIJO WOREDA, HALABA ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2025-10-10) TARIKU ABEBE ASFAW
    Drinking water is the most fundamental requirement for survival, every citizen of the country has the right to obtain it. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the technical analysis of water distribution system of Besheno rural town and assessment coverage of water supply. In this study, both secondary and primary data source were employed. Furthermore, to analyze the distribution system, a model was created using Water GEMS software. The analysis shows that the current total domestic water demand in town was 244.08 m 3 /day, the water supply coverage was 30 % and average per capital domestic water consumption was 12 l/c/day. Hence, this result indicates there is a gap between demand and supply. Using performance indicators including pressure, velocity, and head loss inside the water supply systems, the hydraulic efficiency of the supply system for water was assessed while the network of distribution was in operation. The result indicated that, 100% of the nodes are within acceptable range between (15m to 70m) for the existing distribution system of Besheno rural town. However, 64.74% of the nodes are within acceptable range between (15m to 70m), 25.81% of the nodes are above acceptable range (70m) and 6.45% of the nodes fall below acceptable range (15m) for the transmission mains and rural kebeles. According to the results of hydraulic performance analysis, 94% of the pipes in the research area have velocities below the recommended minimum velocity. 6% of the pipes within the current distribution system for water supply had velocities ranging from 0.6 m/s to 2 m/s. The head loss analysis shows that, 79% of the pipes are below the recommended minimum head loss range of 1m/km, and 15% are within the recommended head loss range (1 to 5m/km) and the rest of pipes, 5% head loss are above the recommend range. Generally, the result of the analysis showed that, the overall hydraulic performance of water distribution of the town was poor and, it is therefore significant to improve the water distribution system capacities, changing the diameter of the pipe to get the proper level of pressure and velocity. Drilling new boreholes sources and building additional service reservoir, to narrow the gap between supply and demand in water supply system. Water quality physicochemical test findings revealed that the fluoride concentration of boreholes exceeded than the Ethiopian standard and WHO recommendation. Thus, the community's water is treated before use