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Subject: search.filters.subject.Drip irrigation

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    RESPONSE OF ONION( Allium Cepa L, )TO DIFFERENT IRRIGATION LEVELS UNDER DRIP AND CONVETIONAL FURROW IRRIGATION WITH AND WITH OUT MULCH AT MELKASSA , CENTRAL RIFT VALLEY OF ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2020-10-26) GEBEYEHU ASHEMI BIKILA
    Water is a scarce resource in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia and is a major limiting factor for crop production. Onion is one of the major economically important vegetable crops grown under irrigation in central rift valley. The field experiment was conducted at Melkasa agricultural research center during the dry season to identify irrigation method and irrigation application level with and whithout mulch that maximizes productivity of onion per unit of water consumed and enhanced onion crop production. The experiment was carried out using split plot design inRCBD having twelve treatments with three replications.The FAO’s recommended allowable Manageable depletion level of onion is 25%. In this study 75%, 100% recommended and 125% were tested. The experiment consisted of two irrigation methods viz.,furrow irrigation and drip irrigation as main plot and three levels of Manageable allowable depletion viz., 125%, 100% and 75% with and whith out mulch as sub-plot.The analysis of variance revealed that irrigation methods and management allowed depletion levels had a significant (p<0.01 and p<0.05) effect on onion vegetative parameters like plant height, leaf height and yield parameters like bulb diameter, bulb height, total bulb yield, marketable bulb yield, and water productivity. The highest and lowest onion vegetative and yield parameters were obtained from drip irrigation and furrow irrigation method, respectively. Moreover, the highest and lowest onion vegetative and yield parameters were obtained from drip irrigation under 75% MAD with mulch and furrow irrigation under125% MAD without mulch, respectively. Further, their interaction had a significant effect on total bulb yield and water productivity. Nonetheless, they had no significant effect on number of leaves per plant, plant height, leaf height, bulb diameter, marketable bulb yield and bulb height.The maximum total bulb yield (37.1 ton/ha), marketable bulb yield (33.1 ton/ha), bulb diameter (5.6 cm), crop water use efficiency (0.78 kg/m3 )and irrigation water use efficiency, (0.60 kg/m3 ) were observed from drip irrigation method at 75% MAD with mulch application, while significantly lower as (30.5 ton/ha), (26.7 ton/ha), (5.0 cm), (0.53 kg/m3 )and (0.40 kg/m3 ) respectively were recorded from furrow irrigation method at 125% MAD with out mulch application. Generally, drip irrigation was working efficiently according to its design and economically acceptable. Among all tested treatments drip irrigation method under 75% MAD with mulch was the best practice because of its high yield and water productivity
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    RESPONSE OF ONION (Allium cepa L.) TO DEFICIT IRRIGATION UNDER SURFACE AND DRIP IRRIGATION METHOD IN CENTRAL RIFT VALLEY OF ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2019-10-25) BENIAM YAZIZ MUKTAR
    Onion (Allium cepa L.) is the most important and widely cultivated vegetable crop in the Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia. However, available water resources are the most limiting factor for crop production in the area. A field experiment was conducted on loam soil at the experimental farm of Melkass agricultural research center, Ethiopian Institute of agriculture research with the objective of evaluating the effects of irrigation method and deficit irrigation on yield and water use efficiency of onion. The experiment consisted of two irrigation methods (Drip and furrow) and four deficit irrigation levels (85%ETc, 70%ETc, 60%ETc, and 50%ETc) and control irrigation of 100%ETc and laid out using split plot design in RCBD with three replication. Irrigation methods were used as the main plot and the five irrigation levels as sub-plot. Irrigation water was applied at allowable soil moisture depletion (p=0.25) of the total available soil moisture throughout the crop growth stage. The study has shown a highly significant (P ≤ 0.01) difference on yield, yield parameters and water productivity of onion. The highest total onion bulb yield (52.1t/ha) was obtained from applying 100%ETc under drip irrigation method and had no significant difference with drip irrigation at 85%ETc irrigation application. Onion bulb yield decreased with an increase in levels of water deficit. Both water productivity and irrigation water productivity increased with increase in water deficit level. The highest water productivity and irrigation water productivity were obtained under furrow and drip irrigation, respectively. Deficit irrigation application of 85%ETc, 70%ETc and 60%ETc under drip method apparently gave a non-significant difference for most yield attributes. Among furrow irrigation techniques, the highest onion yield (43.4t/ha) was obtained from convention furrow irrigation with 100% ETc irrigation application and the highest water productivity and irrigation water productivity were observed in alternate furrow irrigation at 70%ETc irrigation application. Hence, under Melkassa climatic condition, onion could be irrigated under drip and alternate furrow irrigation method at 70%ETc deficit irrigation applications considering the availability of water resources and crop water productivity