Institute of Technology

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    ANALYSIS OF HYDRUALIC PERFOMANCE OF ALETA WONDO TOWN WATER SUPPLY DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
    (Hawassa University, 2021-10-25) TEKA FETOSA JILO
    In many of the developing countries, the hydraulic and physical performance of water distribution network is inadequate to meet consumers’ demands that encounter significant losses in the system. Aleta-Wondo has been experiencing frequent and regular disruption of water supplies for days to a week. This study was conducted in Aleta-Wondo Town to analyze the existing water supply distribution system of the Town. Both primary and secondary data sources were used in this study. Primary data were collected though face-to-face interview with Aleta Wondo Water Supply Office experts, field observation. For secondary data collection, document review was used to collect valuable information. To analyze the data which is collected from different sources, both qualitative and quantitative methods was used. Software applications tools called Origin8 WaterGEMSv8i and excel were used to analyze the data obtained from different source. The analysis shows that the current total domestic water demand in town was higher than supply, the water supply coverage was evaluated based level of connection per family and average per capita domestic water consumption was 14.11 l/c/day. Hence, this result indicates there is a gap between demand and supply in the year 2020. The average water loss in Town was 31%, showing that needs a matter of concern. None of the junctions had pressure bigger than 70 m. 65.21% of the junction water column recorded a pressure less than 15m water column due to high elevation. 34.79% of the Town has pressure within the optimum range of 15- 70 m water column and the highest or lowest velocity recorded was zero during steady state analysis. Velocity in some pipe parts was below 0.6 m/s during steady period simulation. Generally the result of the analysis shows that the overall hydraulic performance of the water distribution system of the Town was poor, which is reflected by low water production rate, low water consumption, and high level of non-revenue water, low service coverage, not pressure in permissible range. Therefore, it is significant to rehabilitate and improve the water distribution system capacities, establishing pressure zone, increase pumping rate and drilling additional borehole. In addition provision of more attention to water losses reduction policies and strategies are vital for remedial measures
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    WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE AND QUALITY IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM OF SUPPLY (IN CASE OF HAWASSA TOWN)
    (Hawassa University, 2024-10-27) GUSSA BOLKA
    Water supply in distribution system is the key problems of water authorities in developing countries including Ethiopia. Water consumption has been increasing significantly in most towns due to increasing number of population and other factors. This study assess Hawassa town water supply system based on main performance indicators namely Demand and supply water coverage, water production, water consumption, distribution system water loss, water quality and operation and maintenance. High water loss, customer complaints and operation and maintenance problems indicates that there are deficiencies on the quality of the service. To conduct this research, data of water production and consumption, some water supply system data were obtained from the water utility records and primary data were collected through field survey and structured checklist administered to the water consumers and key personnel of Hawassa Town Water Supply and Sewerage Enterprise ( HTWSSSE) . The existing water supply source of locations was analyzed using software ARC GIS Map version10.1 and the data from HTWSSSE and households were analyzed descriptive methods. As found out, Hawassa town water supply service could not meet water demands of the town with existing capacity. The total demand of the town for the year of 2022/23 is 90,388 m 3 /day but the production is 30,976.56 m3 /day which have only 30% coverage of the demand. Sufficient water scheme development that fulfills town demand is the major question to date. Even though there are a number of water sources in the area, chemical content is the main problem as confirmed during this work. The town situated in the rift valley where there is problem due to natural chemical content which undermines the quality of water. Assessment was made on all available ground and surface water sources to verify chemical content that can causes adverse effect on human health. In this regard, 24 samples were collected from all available sources in the town and nearby surroundings area of the town and tested in Hawassa Town Water Supply and Sewerage Service Enterprise, Water Quality Laboratory. According to the test result, most of sources are safe for drinking purpose except calcium, magnesium a little bit higher or out range, however ,the bit increase do not cause adverse effect for human health and fluoride and iron which are more than admissible range of WHO but some sources have allowable range. On the other hand, all boreholes and rivers capacity measured during this work. The analysis of the storage capacity of existing reservoirs which have 10,400m3/day the recommended range was 27,116.4 m3 /day to 45,194.15 m3 /day , the results shows less than the recommended range, so the Hawassa city water scheme is not safe regarding to storage capacity. In conclusion, the town’s water supply system is poor in managing water loss, water access, operation and maintenance with the continuous generation of water from source continuously into balancing reservoir. It is recommended that the water utility develop a strategy and work hard on the indicate system deficiencies especially on operation and maintenance to improve the water supply system performance and provide customers with good quality service
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    INVESTIGATION OF WATER SUPPLY COVERAGE AND WATER LOSSES IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM (A CASE STUDY OF WOLKITE TOWN
    (Hawassa University, 2022-04-17) ABDREZAK KEDIR AHMED
    Water consumption has been increasing significantly in most town due to increasing number of population economic development and expansion of towns. This study evaluate the wolkite town water supply system based on the methods used to study was by main performance indicators;- namely demand and supply, water coverage, water production, water consumption, distribution system ,water loss, customers satisfaction and operation and maintenance. To conduct this research, data was collected from primary and secondary source. Data of water production and consumption, some water supply system data were obtained from the water utility records, other data not found in the water utility records is collected using instruments (pressure, coordination .elevation and interviews) others from governmental organization. The Data was analyzed in different methods. The result shows that the annual total was 349,625m3 which accounts of 33% the total water production and higher than the generally accepted value of 25%, the average domestic water production of the town is found to be 26.3 l/per/day, average daily per capita water consumption of the town is 18.61L/person/day, the average connection per family for the entire town is found to be 0.61. This implies that at average two families and or eleven persons are sharing one connection or water tap. From 2019- 2021 the average water demand for town was calculated to be 3,418.3 m 3 /d and the total demands are 6,596.6 m 3 /day. Coverage based on demand in 2021 is 44%. The maximum day demand of the town is 7915.92 m3 /day (91.6 L/s), Peak Hour Demand is 11873.8 m 3 /day (137.4L/S). The main distribution line water does not reach to the town service reservoir because between balancing reservoir and town service reservoir 30 km length away from the town, in this area there is high loss, leakages. Due to this reason shortage of water in the town is series problems. In conclusion, the town’s water supply system is poor in managing water loss, water access, operation and maintenance with the continuous generation of water from sources continuously in to balancing reservoir. It is recommended that the water utility develop a strategy and work hard on the indicate system deficiencies especially on operation and maintenance to improve the water supply system performance and provide customers with good quality service