College of Natural and Computational Sciences

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    PREVALENCE OF INTESTINAL PARASITIC INFECTIONS AND ASSOCIATED RISK FACTORS AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN IN KOKOSSA TOWN, WEST ARISI ZONE, OROMIA REGION, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2024-05) MOHAMMED SHERIFE
    Intestinal parasitic infections are a major health concern in developing countries. It is important to monitor these infections and their associated risk factors in order to develop effective intervention strategies. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and their risk factors among primary school children in Kokossa town, West Arisi Zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. The study used a cross-sectional school-based epidemiological investigation and a laboratory-based experimental survey method. A total of 403 student participants were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Epidemiological data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Laboratory based data were collected by examining stool samples for parasites. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 statistical software. Descriptive analysis, including frequency distribution, was used for processing the data. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to analyze correlations.Out of the total 403 stool samples examined, 138 (34.2%) tested positive for at least one parasite infection. Among the positive cases, 82 (39.6%) were females and 56 (28.6%) were males.Seven species of intestinal parasite infections (IPIs) were detected. The most common was Ascaris lumbricoides, found in 34 (8.4%) cases. This was followed by Entamoeba histolytica in 24 (6%) cases, Giardia lamblia in 19 (4.7%) cases, and Hymenolepis nana in 11 (2.7%) cases. Taenia specie in s 8 (2% case) and Hook worm 5(1.2%)case and Trichuris trichiurain 3(0.7%)case.The rate of infection was highest among the age group 10-15 years 140(20.8%), as well as the infection rates of (39.6%: 82/207) and 28.6%: 56/196) were recorded among females and males respectively. The study revealed that the presence of (IPIs) has statistically significant association with socio-demography, environmental and behavioral factors (p< 0.05). Femaleness with adjusted Odds Ratio Grade level (AOR, 2.224, 95%CI, 1.333-3.370, p= 0.002), presence of latrine at home (AOR, 2.767, 95% CI 1.301-5.887 ,p= 0.000 ), Habit use latrine (AOR, 3.381, 95%CI 1.547-7.390,p= 0.000 ), finger nail not trimmed (AOR, 1.819, 95%CI, 1.003-3.289 , p= 0.049), school children who didn’t wear shoes regularly.), (AOR= 2.097, 95% CI: 1.178-3.742, p=0.012) and lack of awareness about intestinal parasitic infection (AOR = 2.169; 95% CI: 1.211-3.883, p= 0.009) were the independent risk factors associated with the overall prevalence of IPIs, The finding implies that relatively high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was seen among school children & schools lack basic sanitary facilities. Therefore, schools should improve basic sanitary facilities, knowledge and practice of students.