DISTRIBUTION ANALYSIS OF FLUORIDE IN GROUNDWATER OF HAWASSA ZURIA WOREDA, SIDAMA ZONE

Abstract

As per the Woreda Water Supply Office‘s study, the water source from the ground and surface water is polluted in Hawassa Zuria Woreda but their distribution and extent of pollution is not well understood.The main aim of this study is to determine the distribution of the fluoride ion concentration levels in Hawassa Zuria Woreda in the groundwater. The collected primary data were used to assess the distribution of the fluoride concentration levels in all groundwater sources. Fluoride concentration from twenty-three Kebeles was analyzed at laboratory of Fluorides in this research area. The delineation and mapping of Fluorides were carried out using GIS software, based on sampling at random bore holes during 2016/17 year of seasons. Areas of particularly high or low fluoride levels were identified. High fluoride greater than 6mg/l concentrations were found in Kajma Umbulo, Sama Ejersa, Jara Damuwa and Jara Karara provinces. Those provinces need for partial de-fluoridation and this must receive serious consideration since the water from those sources is currently being used for drinking purpose. From temporal distribution high fluoride distribution expected to occur during wet season which shows the best cares during this season than the others