Civil Engineering
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/675
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Item NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS OF CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES IN SNNPRS: (THE CASE OF BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS IN SELECTED TOWNS(Hawassa University, 2019-10-10) YIDNEKACHEW ESAYASConstruction activities affect the environment throughout the life cycle of development. Even though the construction period is comparatively shorter in relation to the other stages of a building’s life, it has diverse significant effects on the environment. This study was carried out to identify the major environmental impacts of construction activities on building construction projects of selected towns in SNNPRS and to propose measures for their mitigation. Eleven site activities adversely affecting the environment; thirty-three possible environmental impacts of construction activities; and four groups of people likely to be affected by construction site activities were identified from literature. The 33 impacts were further categorized into nine major groups. The main approaches used in collecting data for the study were through questionnaire survey, and personal observations of some major construction sites in selected towns. Questionnaires were distributed to a total of 174 purposively selected respondents consisting of 58 contractors, 58 consultants and 58 nearby residents on 58 active building construction projects in selected towns. The respondents were asked to identify the most important item from the listed. The relative importance of the items identified were calculated and ranked by the relative importance index. According to the results of the study, the respondents agreed that concrete vibration; concrete batching, mixing and placement; and excavation are the main site activities having adverse environmental impacts in selected towns. Also resource consumption group impacts ranked highest among the major environmental impacts of construction activities in selected towns. The resource consumption group impacts were raw materials consumption, electricity consumption, water consumption and fuel consumption. Local issues impacts was second followed by transport issues impacts. Noise and vibration generation from local issues impacts group was ranked highest of all environmental impacts of construction activities. The respondents also agreed that site workers, nearby residents, and people in schools and hospitals are most likely to be adversely affected by construction site activities. The results of this study will be useful to support the implementation of environmental management systems in construction companies by providing guidance for construction practitioners. The paper recommends that stakeholders in the construction industry should start working with new methods and technologies following sustainable construction techniques to reduce environmental impactsItem ASSESSMENT OF BUILDINGS MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES: (A CASE OF SELECTED TOWNS IN SOUTHERN NATIONS, NATIONALITIES, AND PEOPLE’S REGIONAL STATE)(Hawassa Inversity, 2019-10-29) YACOB BADENGA MINUTABuilding defect is a failing or shortcoming in the function, performance, statutory or user requirements of a fabric, facilities in a building. Maintenance is an important program for the sustainability of buildings under occupancy. (The present buildings) Observed buildings in this study in SNNPRS were manifesting deterioration that should have been maintained long ago. In the region, defects in public buildings appeared and their impacts had been of high maintenance costs. Material and construction deficiency observed as the main causes of building defect under occupancy stage of buildings (Bedru M. , 2015). This research assessed the defects and maintenance management practices in the occupancy stage of public buildings in selected towns of SNNPRS. At the end, effects of defects and defect reducing measures were investigated. Interview survey, case study and desk study were used and analyzed by SPSS for research work. Thirteen buildings were considered during the interview, case studies and desk study. Building administrators, facility managers and other concerned body were considered in the selected buildings in the region for the interview questions. From the result, the main types of defects were identified; economic, functional and social consequences of defects were investigated; the practices of maintenance management in public buildings were assessed and defect reducing measures were finally recommended for buildings. The frequent types of defects identified in the study were; dampness; peeling of paint; leakage and defects in building service installation. Similarly the average results showed that the most common causes of building defect were construction and material deficiency with corresponding shares of 41.95 % and 37.55 % of the defects respectively. High amount of maintenance cost was consumed in a building in the desk study analysis in one time maintenance for a building defect. This implies there was no preventive mechanisms set for buildings. Before beginning of the actual maintenance work, maintenance directory (report) should be prepared for all defective items in team in order to know the severity of defects which enables to prepare maintenance BoQ for execution. Periodic maintenance shall be recommended for public buildings under occupancyItem INVESTIGATING SITE LAYOUT PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION PRACTICE IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS(Hawassa University, 2018-07-14) SISAY TEMESGENBuilding projects in SNNPRS experience challenges of meeting project objectives due to an improper initial work management plan, which includes a site layout planning. Lack of proper site layout planning contributes to cost and time overruns in projects of the Region. Site layout planning utilization has implications for project safety, construction efficiency, scheduling, and budgetary performance of a project. The main purpose of this research was to investigate site layout planning and implementation practice in building construction projects in SNNPRS. The objectives of this study were identifying effects of poor site layout planning in building construction activities, identifying the key factors which contribute to achieving an effective site layout planning, and studying site layout plan utilization practice in building construction projects in SNNPRS and finally to provide practical procedure that can be referenced when developing site layout plan. The main approaches used in collecting information for the study were through a questionnaire survey, and personal observations of some major construction sites in SNNPRS in case of selected towns. The questionnaire survey was distributed to 40 respondents and a total of 36 responses were received. For the analysis of the data, statistical analysis by using mean score ranking and descriptive statistics were employed. The finding of the research indicated that the main impacts of poor site layout planning in building construction activities were a decrease in the output from labour and machinery, construction materials lost and damage, and increased travel distance on site. Availability of access and exit road to the construction site, location of plant and equipment, and positioning of temporary facilities were the major key factors which were found to be contributing to achieving an effective site layout planning. In the research, site layout plan utilization practice in building construction projects was also studied which led to development of a procedure describing an approach of site layout plan in construction projects. The procedure incorporates important aspects associated with project constraint identification, plan necessity, data acquisition, plan development, communication, implementation and enforcement, monitoring and evaluating, and documentation. This research contributes by providing information (factors) that one has to examine in order to have an effective and efficient site layout planning and also by bringing practical procedures and recommendations that can be referenced when developing site layout plan on the construction site