Horticultural Science
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Item Effect of Green Bean-Sugarcane Intercropping on Growth and Yield Performance of Companion Crops at Omo Kuraz Sugar Project, South Omo Ethiopia(Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2022) ABIY NEGESSESugarcane is a relatively long-duration crop planted on wider spaced rows with slow initial growth, during this period, much of the solar radiant energy and land is wasted and up to 70% of the land between cane rows is left unutilized. Effects of green bean-sugarcane intercropping trials were conducted to ascertain practicability of intercropping green bean and sugarcane under irrigated farming at Omo Kuraz Sugar Development Project. The study was initiated to evaluate the effect of intercropping of two green bean varieties with sugarcane and that are planted at two row planting space, on growth performance and yield of the two crops. Factorial experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on yield and yield contributing traits were collected and subjected to analysis of variance. The analysis of variance for marketable pod yield and phenological parameters showed a significant difference (p<0.01) among varieties and interactions of the factors. Amongst the two green bean varieties, variety plati gave the highest (7.6 t ha -1 ) pod yield as compared to that of variety B.C 4.4 which gave the lowest yield (1.75 t ha -1 ). Whereas the highest pod yield (8t ha -1 ) was recorded on the interaction of (variety plati, with 10cm planting space and sole cropped). On contrary the lowest pod yield (0.8 t ha -1 ) was recorded on the interaction of (variety B.C 4.4, with 15cm planting spacing and intercropped with sugarcane). The highest pod yield was recorded (5.108 t ha -1 ) on 10cm planting spacing, while (4.242 t ha -1 ) was recorded on 15cm planting spacing. However, the two planting spacing’s and cropping system showed no significant difference (p<0.05) on pod yield. Similarly the lowest pod yield (i.e., 4.858 t ha -1 ) and (4.492 t ha -1 ) was recorded on sole cropped green bean and intercropped with sugarcane respectively. Moreover, there was also significant difference (p<0.05) among cropping systems and varieties, in number of pod per plant. The highest number of pod per plant (32.33) was recorded on variety plati, followed by sole cropping system (29.25). Variety plati also scored the largest pod diameter (6.7mm) and pod length (11.45cm). Likewise, sugarcane tiller number found to be significantly (p<0.05) affected by intercropped planting spacing’s of green bean and cropping system. Accordingly, the highest (231,034 tiller number ha -1 ) and the lowest (143,214) tiller number ha -1 was recorded in sole sugarcane crop and intercropped crop respectively. Green bean planting space also showed a significant effect on sugarcane tiller number per plot (i.e., 103,189.7 in 10 cm and 183,237.6 in 15 cm spacing’s). However no significant difference was observed on mill able cane stalk number per hectare, single cane stalk weight, cane yield and sugar yield among varieties, spacing’s, cropping systems and there interaction. The result clearly highlighted that intercropping of sugarcane with green bean has no significant impact on crop yields of both crops and efficient land utilization advantage. Which subsequently confirms the technical viability/practicability of sugarcane-green bean intercrop under irrigated farming system Therefore, under irrigated farming system condition, variety plati with 15 cm spacing and 10cm can be recommended for green bean-sugarcane intercropping, and sole cropping system respectively at Omo Kura at Omo Kuraz Sugar Development Project.