Horticultural Science

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    YIELD AND GROWTH ANALYSIS OF POTATO (Solanum tuberosumL.) VARIETIES UNDER DIFFERENT INTER ROW SPACING AT SILTE ZONE, CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2025) NUREDIN RASHID BUSHIRA
    Potato (Solanum tuberosuml. ) is a very important food and cash crop in Ethiopia. This experiment was conducted with the objective to increase production of potato through selecting appropriate varieties and determining appropriate spacing at Silte zone, central Ethiopia during belg cropping season.The experiment was arranged in a factorial combination of three inter-row spacing (60 cm , 75cm and 90 cm), and four potato varieties(Belete, Gudene, Chala and Local cultivar) in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Interactive effects of variety and inter-row spacing significantly (P˂0.05) influenced most of the parameters considered. Days to flowering, leaf area index, total tuber number, marketable tuber number, total tuber yield, average tuber weight per plant, unmarketable tuber number and tuber yield and harvest index were significantly affected by the interaction effects of variety and spacing. Plant height, dry matter content, 90% plant maturity, crop growth rate and relative growth rate (P˂0.05) influenced by the main effect variety and spacing. Days to 50% emergency, Leave number per plant and Stem number per hill were influenced only by the main effect variety. Local cultivar requiring the longest duration (101.22 days). Plant height increased significantly in to increasing inter-row spacing.Gudene varieties produced largest stems number per plant and local cultivar produced smallest stems number per plant. The highest (38.57 t/ha) total tuber yield was recorded from Gudene variety at spacing of 60 c m , whereas the lowest (22.28 t/ha) tuber yield was recorded from local cultivar at spacing 90 cm. The highest marketable (30.48a t/ha) tuber yield was obtained from Gudene variety and lowest was obtained from Local cultivar (18.41t/ha). The Crop Growth Rate values increased progressively with time reaching peak at 45-60 DAP. Therefore, from this study, it can be concluded Gudane and Belete varieties at inter-row spacing of 60 cm and 75 cm resulted in highest marketable tuber yield could be recommended to potato growers in the study area.
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    MORPHO - PHYSIOLOGICAL BASED SCREENING OF SWEETPOTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.) VARIETIES FOR MOISTURE STRESS CONDITION AT HAWASSA, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University College of Agriculture, 2021) SERKALEM ESHETU G/WOLD
    Sweetpotato is one of the potential root and tuber crop playing major role in food security due to its high yielding and adaptability to diverse environmental conditions. However, various constraints like biotic and abiotic factors reported for the low productivity of the crop. Therefore, the study was designed to evaluate sweetpotato varieties morpho-physiological characters under different irrigation interval in shade house condition at Hawassa, Ethiopia from October to March, 2019/20. The treatment were comprised of a factorial combination of three sweetpotato varieties (NASPOT 12 O, Kulfo and Dilla) and four irrigation intervals (daily, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days) in complete randomized design (CRD) with three replications. Data on morpho-physiological and yield parameters were collected. The result revealed that, main effect of varieties and irrigation interval has a significant effect on vine length, leaf temperature and vine fresh weights. Leaf number, leaf area, chlorophyll a, b and total (TC), maximum quantum yield, proline content, photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate, stomata conductance, IWUE, RLWC, tuber fresh weight, total biomass and tuber number were significantly influenced due to interaction effect of two main factors. Most of parameters were significantly reduced with increased irrigation interval except Proline content and leaf temperature. Maximum tuber fresh weight (700 g) was recorded from NASPOT 12 O as compared to Dilla (533.33 g) and Kulfo (233.33 g) varieties. In the case of physiological response NASPOT 12 O treated with daily irrigation gave maximum concentration of chlorophyll a, b and total (TC), Photosynthesis rate, transpiration rate and stomata conductance in leaf as compared to other varieties. The maximum proline content was observed from variety “NASPOT 12 O” with 21 days irrigation interval whereas; the minimum was from all varieties with daily, seven and fourteen days irrigation which was statistically similar. Dilla and NASPOT 12 O varieties had better relative leaf water content as irrigation interval increases but variety Kulfo show strong reduction. It can be concluded that, Variety “NASPOT 12 O” was considered to be more tolerant as compared to other varieties. This is, therefore, NASPOT 12 O with 7 days irrigation interval recommended and in areas where moisture is a limiting factor NASPOT 12 O varieties with 14 days irrigation interval might be recommended for small scale farmers. Consequently, further research is needed for morphological and physiological responses under different varieties and water stress under open field condition before a generalized conclusion can be drawn.