College of Social Sciences and Humanities

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The College of Social Sciences and Humanities promotes teaching, research, and community engagement in social sciences, humanities, languages, and cultural studies.

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A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MEDIA FRAMING OF THE 2023 EOC SCHISM: NEWS BY OMN AND ESAT IN FOCUS
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-05) LEALT ABEBE
The media plays a pivotal role in shaping public perception and understanding of the events. In the context of religious crises, media framing becomes particularly significant. This study presents a comparative analysis of media framing of the 2023 Ethiopian Orthodox Church (EOC). The main objective was to analyze how the media in Ethiopia framed the church‟s‟ Schism from a comparative perspective. Two private-owned media outlets, ESAT Television and OMN Television, were purposefully selected to examine their use of frames in reporting the dispute between the EOC and a breakaway group of archbishops who formed a separate synod in the Oromia region. The study analyzed 54 news stories (27 from ESAT and 27 from OMN) posted between January 22, 2023, and February 16, 2023. Framing theory and agenda setting were employed as the theoretical framework, and a qualitative content analysis approach was used to address the research objective. The findings indicate that both media outlets used various framing techniques, but vii with distinct differences. ESAT predominantly employed a conflict frame, censorship, human interest frame while OMN used Solidarity, attribution of responsibility, cultural frame. ESAT also used attribution of responsibility as the second dominant frame, whereas OMN used it as the third dominant frame. Censorship frame was the fifth dominant frame in ESAT's coverage, and policy frame the fourth in OMN's. Additionally, ESAT utilized Conflict between religious factions and security forces Frame as the third dominant frame, which was absent in OMN's reporting. The study also found that the two media outlets relied on different sources of information in their news reports. ESAT primarily used direct quotes from the Holy Synod and government office notices, while OMN largely sourced information from the alleged “new synod” spokesperson and Oromo scholars and experts.
AN ASSESSMENT OF CHILD PROTECTION SERVICES AT ONE STOP CENTER (OSC) HAWASSA UNIVERSITY COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-06) SIMEGN W/YOHANES
According to WHO child abuse is defined as all forms of physical and emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, and exploitation that results in actual or potential harm to the child’s health, development, or dignity. It is a serious and devastating problem not just in Africa, but the world over; however, the number of children on the continent who are abused has always been underestimated. States are the primary responsible body for the protection of children. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess child protection services at One Stop Center (OSC) at Hawassa university comprehensive specialized hospital. The ecological system theory is used as a theoretical framework to guide the study. Purposive sampling technique was used to select the study participants. Likewise, a qualitative research method was employed to collect data. The findings of the study were analyzed using thematic analysis. The result found out that the center provides medical, psyco-social, and legal support to the child who came with the sexual, physical and emotional abused. The center provides the aforementioned services for victim children free of charge except medical services. The current study revealed that one stop centers is the center where health practitioners, police and social workers coordinate closely to improve the health, safety, and well-being of survivors of sexual, physical, and emotional violence. The mechanisms devised by the one stop center to handle maltreated children include prioritizing the immediate safety of the child; utilizing a multidisciplinary team approach; enhancing the education and capabilities of staff; implementing preventative initiatives and community partnerships; establishing referral processes and additional services. However, this study disclosed that the child protection system multifaceted challenges is system including limited resources, insufficient funding, lack of access to free medical services and Limited availability of shelters especially for male child victims. which is posing barriers to providing holistic care for child survivor. The study recommends that a lot remains to be done to ensure funding this includes financial resources for free medical services, establishment of temporary shelter especially male survivors, immediate crisis intervention, awareness creation and partnership with stakeholders so as to provide comprehensive quality services at the cente
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN: THE CASE OF BONA ZURIA WOREDA, SIDAMA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-12) ABIRHAM ATINAFU
Domestic violence is a social issue that affects many women worldwide, especially in developing countries. It is usually expressed psychologically, economically, physically, and sexually forms of domestic abuse by close partners. This study is about understanding various causes and consequences of the domestic abuse of women. The main objective of this paper is to assessing domestic violence against women using the case of Bona Zuria Woreda, Sidama Region. The study employed a descriptive research design that includes both qualitative and quantitative research approaches to assess domestic violence against women. The sample was selected random and purposive sampling system. Concerning data sources, both primary and secondary data sources were employed. To collect necessary and relevant information various instruments were used. These include key informants; FGD and interviews with married women in three study kebeles. Beyond this, a total of 372 respondents participated in the study, along with three key informants, and focused group desiccation, each selected kebele contains two groups, and each group has six participants. The data were analyzed using the descriptive method where data from interviews were transcribed into plain text and grouped into themes. The findings show that husband who are economically, physically, and sexually abusive are also more likely to be psychologically abusive. In the study area, most of the respondents had a low level of knowledge regarding domestic violence and the majority of respondents experienced psychological domestic violence. In this study, economic matters and lack of formal education were identified as the main causes of domestic violence. As the finding result of the study indicates, most victimized women are affected psychologically, which goes strong mental disturbance and depression. The researcher concludes the study, that the special investigation systems that take into consideration the high elevated level of women to domestic violence should also be designed. Therefore, organizing different symposiums and campaigns, educating society about gender equality, and domestic violence, and creating awareness can be useful in fighting future violence against women.
ASSESSMENT OF SOIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HADERO TUNTO ZURIA WOREDA, KAMBATA ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA REGION.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-01) Deselegn Dunamo
The purpose of the study was to assess the practice and challenges of soil management for rehabilitating degraded land in sampled kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda, Kambata Zone, and Centeral Ethiopia Region. The subjects of the study were 151 survey households’ heads, 16 focused group discussants and 2 natural resource experts and 10 key informants 2 development agents. Totally 181 respondents were participated in this study. Descriptive research design with mixed research approach was employed. Questionnaire, interview, personal observation and focused group discussion were used as data collection tools. Quantitative data was analyzed by frequency, percentage and one sampled t-test while qualitative data was analyzed by descriptive narration. It was generalized traditional land management was practiced in a better way in Mugunga and Homa Kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda. Both physical and biological traditional land management were practiced in study area. The effects of soil management in study area were crop yields increased, soil erosion prevent, soil-water retention improved, productivity of land enhanced, biophysical aspect of land improved, income of farmers increased, fodder for animals obtained and soil fertility improvement. It known that practice traditional land management was not easy and straight forward but was challenged by lack of co-ordination of key stakeholders, limited technical assistance from agricultural office experts, conservativeness of farmers to adopt additional advice than their indigenous knowledge, declinations of farmland size to adopt their indigenous knowledge. Recommendation forwarded were, Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda should make farmers to practice traditional land management together with modern land management to reduce the challenges of technical aspect, physical soil conservation should be constructed at far vertical interval and by focusing on stabilization conservational structures because land size in study area decreased from time to time and farmers and agricultural office experts should work in a coordinated way.
ASSESSMENT OF SOIL MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HADERO TUNTO ZURIA WOREDA, KAMBATA ZONE, CENTERAL ETHIOPIA REGION.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-01) Deselegn Dunamo
The purpose of the study was to assess the practice and challenges of soil management for rehabilitating degraded land in sampled kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda, Kambata Zone, and Centeral Ethiopia Region. The subjects of the study were 151 survey households’ heads, 16 focused group discussants and 2 natural resource experts and 10 key informants 2 development agents. Totally 181 respondents were participated in this study. Descriptive research design with mixed research approach was employed. Questionnaire, interview, personal observation and focused group discussion were used as data collection tools. Quantitative data was analyzed by frequency, percentage and one sampled t-test while qualitative data was analyzed by descriptive narration. It was generalized traditional land management was practiced in a better way in Mugunga and Homa Kebeles of Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda. Both physical and biological traditional land management were practiced in study area. The effects of soil management in study area were crop yields increased, soil erosion prevent, soil-water retention improved, productivity of land enhanced, biophysical aspect of land improved, income of farmers increased, fodder for animals obtained and soil fertility improvement. It known that practice traditional land management was not easy and straight forward but was challenged by lack of co-ordination of key stakeholders, limited technical assistance from agricultural office experts, conservativeness of farmers to adopt additional advice than their indigenous knowledge, declinations of farmland size to adopt their indigenous knowledge. Recommendation forwarded were, Hadero Tunto Zuria Woreda should make farmers to practice traditional land management together with modern land management to reduce the challenges of technical aspect, physical soil conservation should be constructed at far vertical interval and by focusing on stabilization conservational structures because land size in study area decreased from time to time and farmers and agricultural office experts should work in a coordinated way.
ASSESSMENT OF THE CONFLICT REPORTING BY SRTA AND VOA: THE CASE OF KORE AND GUJI ETHNIC GROUPS CONFLICT IN ETHIOPIA.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-11) TEMESGEN MENESHA
Conflict is a multifaceted issue that has plagued several regions of Ethiopia in recent years. Conflict has been a source of tension and instability, leading to displacement, loss of life, and economic disruption. The media can play a crucial role in shaping public opinion regarding conflicts. This study examines conflict reporting by the South Radio and Television Agency and Voice of America Rdio on recently developing conflicts between Kore and Guji ethnic groups. Due to the significant escalation of conflict between groups during the period between the end of 2021 and 2022, the researcher chose to focus specifically on the period from January 1, 2022, to July 30, 2022. To this end, there were three research questions, i.e., what is the extent of coverage? What sources are used by the two media outlets in reporting? What are the major types of frames used in the coverage? The study followed a descriptive research design and employed a mixed research method. The study used purposive sampling techniques, which means, the sampled media, the media contents, key informants, and the period were purposively selected. Content analysis and interviews are the major data collection tools. The data was analyzed through quantitative and qualitative techniques. Agenda setting and framing theories were used, as guidance to analyze media coverage, identify sources of stories, and determine the types of framing used by both media outlets. Both media outlets broadcasted a total of 25 news stories about the Kore-Guji conflict. SRTA relies more on government officials as sources, while VOA sources its stories from conflict victims, officials, and conflicting groups, providing a comprehensive understanding. The study revealed that conflict reporting, particularly by regional media outlets, displayed a lack of responsibility. They were found to withhold information about the conflict and not disclose the truth, essentially functioning as an extension of the government in efforts to restore peace in the area, and both outlets tend to bury important information. The study recommended that media outlets should improve their coverage by conducting in-depth investigations and delving deeper into stories. It should be crucial for professional journalists to provide accurate information without immediately assigning blame, and to refrain from using techniques that bury significant details. Recognizing and addressing the role of the media in conflict reporting should be an early consideration in any intervention.
CLIMATE INFORMATION SERVICES AND ITS DETERMINANTS AMONGSMALLHOLDERFARMERSINSIDAMAREGION,SOUTHERN ETHIOPIA MATHESIS.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-10-28) KEREYUKEBEDEMARASSA
Climate information services (CIS) play a crucial role in climate adaptation strategies by mitigating climate-related risks and assisting smallholder farmers in their decision-making. This study explored the current status of CIS and the factors affecting its utilization among smallholder farmers in the Sidama region of Ethiopia. A mixed-methods approach was used, which included household surveys, focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and field observations. Multi-sampling techniques were utilized to select woredas, kebeles, and households, with three woredas chosen purposively based on agro-ecological criteria and six kebeles selected through simple random sampling. A systematic random sampling method was applied to gather data from 384 households. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, qualitatively analysis, chi-square tests, and a binary logistic regression model. The results indicated a moderate overall status of CIS in the study area, with 50.8% of farmers having access to these services, though utilization of CIS was low only 33.9% actively utilized them. The primary sources of CIS included agricultural extension officers, radio, television, mobile phones, peer farmers, and village leaders. Access to and use of climate information services (CIS) differ considerably among the agro-ecological zones. In the Kolla zone, around 39.6% of households make use of CIS, whereas the Woinadega zone has a lower engagement rate of 36.9%, and the Dega zone trails further behind, with only 18.9% of households utilizing these services. The study reveals that climate information services (CIS) significantly enhance farm management decisions among smallholder farmers. The main factors determining the utilization of CIS among smallholder farmers included education level, age, size of the farm, availability of credit, access to extension services, weather information, social protection services, income level, market access, and trust in the information provided. To enhance productivity, stakeholders such as the government, meteorological agencies, and agricultural extension services should focus on improving the availability, accessibility, reliability, and utilization of CIS.
EFFECTS OF EXPLICIT RIME- BASED PHONICS METHOD ON PRIMARY SCHOOL EFL STUDENTS‟ PHONOLOGICAL AWARENESS AND WORD RECOGNITION ABILITY
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-05) ABIY ZEWDU AGEGNEHU
In this study attempts were made to investigate the effects of an explicit rime based phonics method on the phonological awareness and word recognition outcomes of Grade Three students at public primary schools in Hawassa. More specifically the study tried to examine the efficacy of an explicit rime based phonics method on students‘ phonological awareness at rhyme, onsetrime and phoneme levels and their accuracy and fluency in reading learned words, invented words and non-instructed or novel words. Furthermore, the study attempted to identify the phonological awareness levels and subskills/tasks that best predict students‘ word recognition development. This research project was quasi experimental in design. Data was gathered twice using tests, once before the intervention pre-test and after the intervention post-test. Pre-test and post-test mean scores were analyzed using a t-test statistical procedure, Linear Model Regression Analysis and Cohen‘s d effect size calculator. The study involved four public primary schools in Hawassa: Nigistu Fura and Tabor Primary Schools (for the pilot study), Haiq and Ethiopia Tikdem (for the main study). In each school, one Grade Three section was randomly selected and assigned into either experimental or control group. The main participants of the study were two sections of Grade Three students (N=92) from the two primary schools. Beginning reading lessons embedded in word study and vocabulary activities with an explicit rime-based phonics method was prepared and used with the experimental group. The word study and vocabulary activities with no explicit rime based phonics method from Grade Three English textbooks was used with the control group. The intervention was conducted by the actual Grade Three English teachers who were trained by the researcher prior to the intervention. Both groups received two hours of extra lessons for 16 weeks. The effect of an explicit rime based phonics method on students‘ phonological awareness and word recognition outcomes was examined through the pre and post phonological awareness (PAT) and word recognition (WR) tests. The results of the pretest showed that there was no significant difference in the students‘ phonological awareness and word recognition outcomes between the groups. The results of the post-test in all cases revealed that there was a significant difference between the groups in phonological awareness and word recognition outcomes with the experimental group achieved significant improvements. The Cohen‘s d output showed that the magnitude of the intervention effect in the experimental group was large for all subtests and the total phonological awareness and word recognition outcomes. Besides, the result of linear regression analysis revealed that phonological awareness at onsetrime and phoneme levels and phonological awareness sub-skills/tasks such as rime blending, phoneme deletion and phoneme substitution were found to be important predictors of students‘ word recognition development.
EXAMINING FACTORS, PATTERNS AND TREATMENTS OF CRIMINAL RECIDIVISM IN CASE OF YIRGALEM CORRECTIONAL CENTER, SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-08) FREZER CHANIYALEW
The aim of this study was to explore factors and treatments of recidivism in yirgalem correctional center, Sidama National Regional State. The study was guided by a life course, differential association and labeling theoretical framework. The study employed both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Census survey or complete enumeration was employed and entire recidivists (i.e. 114 respondents) were involved in the study. In-depth interviews were conducted with one female and four male recidivists. Also, key informant interviews were conducted with one prison official and three correction professionals (i.e. psychologist, legal officer and academic teacher) working at the correctional center. The data collected by quantitative method was analyzed using descriptive statistics like percentages, frequencies, bar charts, pie charts and cross-tabulation, and chi- square test analysis of inferential statistics. The data collected by the qualitative method was analyzed thematically. The findings suggested that most ex-offenders reoffended due to individual characteristics such as gender, age, occupation, marital status, monthly income, and drug abuse. Some others reoffend due to correctional institution related factors such as shortening of time spent in correctional center, and criminal peers and their influences. Likewise, stigmatization/social exclusion, unemployment, lack of economic support, housing problem and ex-criminal peers post release were identified as community related factors for recidivism. Also, crime against property (economic crime), particularly theft, was the most dominant crime type in the study area. Regarding prisoners’ treatments, the study pointed out ineffective rehabilitation and reformation activities due to unrealized treatment programs such as formal education, vocational training, counseling services, and also due to the existence of maltreatment. In conclusion, individual, correctional institution, community related factors were contributory for recidivism and ineffective prisoners’ treatments were substantial input for reoffending. Lastly the study recommended policy implications.
FRAMING THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF NEWS BY BBC AND RT WORLD.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-11) WORKNESH BEGNA
Nowadays, news organizations are settled in the heart of conflict zones and have been crucial players in informing the public and shaping its understanding of specific issues. The military conflict between Russia and Ukraine is happening in the military as well as in the information sphere. Leaning on the media outlet, its audiences see a very different picture of the war. This study examined how the BBC and RT portrayed the war between Russia and Ukraine, covering the first month of the war. The general objective of the study is to explore how the BBC and RT media outlets are framing the war between Russia and Ukraine in their daily news reports posted on their official websites. The research employed a comparative analysis of the portrayal of the warring countries in Western and Russian media. The research employed a qualitative research approach and an exploratory research design. Some 52 website news stories from both, 26 from each medium, were selected using the purposive sampling method. Framing theory and agenda setting theory were used to guide and interpret the findings. Both news media have different perspectives and framings of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine war. From the beginning, BBC News calls it a ‘war’ or an ‘invasion’, while RT News calls it a ‘special military operation’. The BBC condemned the Russian aggression, while RT claimed that Russia was defending its national interests and security. The result of the analysis revealed that there were noticeable differences in the choice of frames for reporting refugees, civilians, and military fatalities between both media under study. BBC news stories were mostly about Ukraine, whereas RT News stories mostly narrate the Russian government announcements and offer their justifications. Analysis revealed that the most dominant frames used in the BBC were the military conflict frames, human interest frames, and geopolitical conflict frames, whereas RT used predominantly justification frames, attribution of responsibility frames, and military aid frames. BBC News and RT News portrayed Ukraine's war differently, with BBC News describing it as an illegal invasion by Russia, while RT News defended Russia's security interests. The researcher recommends that BBC and RT World enhance their portrayal of the 2022 Russia-Ukraine conflict by offering diverse, credible information, avoiding misinformation, and upholding professional standards and ethical principles.
JOURNALISM AND COMMUNICATION IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ARTS IN JOURNALISM AND MASS COMMUNICATION.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-11) ABADI KAHSAY
The mass media, most significantly through its news, reporting, and analysis, affects what and how we learn about reality, hidden facts, and political views. Investigative journalism has been contributing to the realization of democracy, good governance, and human rights. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyses the practice and challenges of investigative journalism in the South Radio and Television Agency’s Neqash Program. The target population of the study was managers, editor-in-chiefs, editors, senior reporters, media experts, and producers. The researcher employed a descriptive research method. The research approach of the study was qualitative. To get relevant information, qualitative content analysis of sample news stories, and key informant interviews were applied as specific methods in the study. Regarding the Neqash programme, the result of the study showed that it is attempting to practice investigative journalism, although it is in an early stage. Neqash program primarily focuses on government institutions like land issues, corruption, and irregularities to promote good governance and democracy. It also relies on society, government bodies, and secondary sources like documents. The study also identified that lack of qualified journalists who were committed to this assignment, lack of logistics, lack of adequate training, organizational pressure, external interference such as political and financial, absence of incentives for investigative journalists, absence of protection for the journalist, and poor public participation as a source of information are the major challenges while practicing investigative journalism in the station, in particular the Neqash program.
LANGUAGE VARIATION BETWEEN THE SIDA AND GAYIL DIALECTS OF AARAPH: A STUDY IN PHONOLOGY AND MORPHOLOGY
(HAWASSA UNIVESITY, 2023-11) ALEBACHEW YIZNETO
This study aimed to investigate the phonological and morphological variations between the Sida and Gayil dialects of Aaraph. The study was conducted in the mixed research design. Accordingly, purposive sampling technique was used to select the informants of the research. Besides, elicitation and audio-recording were used to collect the data from both Sida and Gayil dialects. The data were analyzed by examining the differences in the phonological, morphological and lexical structure of the dialects under investigation. The data analysis was done both in qualitative and quantitative methods. As a result, the research findings have shown that there are significant sets of phonological and morphological as well as lexical variations between the two dialects. Regarding the phonological aspects, the study identified that the phonological differences are contextually-unconditioned changes of sounds. This context-free phonological variation is the substitution of sounds between the two dialects. Accordingly, the following sounds substitute each other in some words of the Sida and Gayil dialects: /s/ /ʃ/, /z/ /ʒ/, /ʦ/ /ʧ/, /ʦ’/ /ʧ’/, /q/ /k’/ and /ɪ/ /a/. The study also identified that the voiceless velar ejective stop /k’/ is a distinctive phoneme in the Gayil dialect of Aaraph, and it is always substituted by /q/ in the Sida dialect. In the case of the morphological aspects, variations take place in several tense inflections, person and accusative markers, verb forms and different pronoun types of the Sida and Gayil dialects. These morphological changes include: /-se/ / ʃe/, /-am/ /-ɪm/, /-sɪjɒ/ /-ɪsɒ/, /-ee/ /re/, /-de/ /-da/, /-e/ or /-se/ /-aare/ or /-saare/ and other pronoun changes as well. Moreover, the investigation of the lexical variations has shown that the Sida and Gayil dialects share 79% of their 206 basic lexical items; i.e., they have 162 cognates from the total of 206 words; this indicates that the two dialects are closely related. In addition, the ratio of the total degree of phonetic differences per corresponding phonemes shows a value of 29%, and this lower ratio is another indicator for the close relationship between the two varieties. Furthermore, the researcher recommends that to get the overall picture of the variations between the two dialects further studies are needed in the related areas such as grammatical variations.
LINGUISTICS AND COMMUNICATION
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-10) ZUFAN HAGOS
The purpose of this research was to analysis of health communication practice in preventing covid 19 pandemic in three sub-cities in Hawassa city. From each subcities two kebeles and one health center, totally six kebeles and three health centers were used as data sources. The researcher employed both conceptual and theoretical frameworks which related with pandemic prevention and control strategy and health communication profession. In-depth interview, focus group discussion, and document analysis were employed to collect relevant qualitative data. The research reveals that health communication strategy is misused and wrongly understood because of political, religious, cultural and any other related factors affecting the practical application of strategy. Furthermore, the study found out that the health communication practitioners are Heath extension coordinator (HECs),Health Extension Workers (HEWs), and Model Health Communication Participants (MHCPs) in the study area. Most of the practitioners are no health communication professionals and they need to develop their knowledge and skills of communication.
LINGUISTICS AND COMMUNICATION
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-11) FIKADU BULI SERDA
Borrowing means that words which originated in one language are now used in another language, even by people who don’t speak the SL. The study describes the feature of Oromo loan words linguistically in comparison with non-loan words. Data of the study were collected from spoken and written corpus. Written was used to gather loan words from academic primary school specifically grade five (5) to eight (8) text books written in Oromo. From a text books one hundred ten (110) loan words were gathered. Spoken corpus was a data collected from OBN Media broadcasting in Oromo. From spoken one hundred eight (108) loan words were collected. The total number of collected data for the study was two hundred seventeen (217) loan words. The data have been phonetically transcribed and qualitatively analyzed. The study found out that loan words in Oromo have linguistic properties such as phonological, morphological, syntactical and semantic change. Among the loan words, free morphemes are the most borrowable when it compared to others. Some loan words borrowed with their derivational morpheme that changes the word parts of speech especially in abstract nominative. Inflectional morphemes are not borrowed. But all loan words use Oromo inflectional morpheme for nominative, dative, objective, plurality and gender.
POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT PLANNING.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-12) MARGIE FENTA BAYE
The government of Ethiopia has been running the Rural Productive Safety Net Program (RPSNP) since 2005. RPSNP is one means of reducing rural poverty. Thus, this study aims to examine the contribution of RPSNP in enhancing female-headed households’ food security and asset building in Goncha Siso Ense woreda, Amhara region. The researcher used mixed concurrent research approach to analyze both qualitative and quantitative data. It also used a cross-sectional research design. Both primary and secondary data were employed. Descriptive statistics and the econometric model were applied for analyzing quantitative data. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze factors that affect households' food security. Paired T-test was used to assess the contribution of RPSNP to the asset accumulation of the household.The findings of the study show that the main selection criterion of beneficiary of the productive safety net program was the amount of farmland available and livestock owned in the household 41.8%, 30.6% respectively. The results indicate that the main type of support from a program was monetary support in the form of cash. The majority of (67.4%) households were improved their current food security status after RPSNP intervention as compared to before RPSNP intervention. In the same way, after joining RPSNP, the livestock holdings, housing quality, farm equipment, and house equipment of these households increased. However, the main challenges of RPSNP implementation were found to be the lack of community participation in public work activities, delay in payment, and distance of payment from Kebele. The binary logistic regression models also showed that household size, farmland size, agricultural input, income, age, livestock, family labor, and agricultural shock significantly affected household food security. Finally, the study recommends that each female headed household should be encouraged to participate in non farm activities, and agricultural extension workers should introduce land-intensive agricultural production technologies.
SELF-ESTEEM, SELF-EFFICACY AND PEER PRESSURE AS A PREDICTOR OF CAREER DECISION MAKING AMONG RIFT VALLEY UNIVERSITY STUDENTS SHASHEMANE CAMPUS.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-06) EMAL MUDE WABE
The major objective of this study was to explore self-esteem, self-efficacy, and peer pressure as predictors of career decision-making among Rift Valley University regular students Shashemane campus. 332 respondents (225 males and 107 females) were randomly selected to fill out the questionnaires. Additionally, 15 key informants (from academic staff) were purposely selected for interviews and Focus Group Discussions. The study used a cross-sectional research design, and the data were obtained using an adapted general self-efficacy scale, the Rosenberg self-esteem scale, and peer-pressure questionnaires from previously conducted studies, career decision-making scale measures, and leading questions for interviews and FGD as data-gathering instruments. The data were analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative data analysis procedures. Thus, descriptive statistics (frequency, mean and percentage) and inferential statistics (correlation, multiple linear regressions, ANOVA, and t-test) were conducted. The findings from regressions analysis showed that peer pressure is the most significant predictor of career decision-making. Self-efficacy and self-esteem also predict career decision-making, but to a lesser degree, the result of ANOVA indicates that there is no statistically significant difference in the score on career decision-making among students’ fields of study, and an independent sample t- test result shows that there is no statistically significant difference between males and females in career decision-making. Based on the findings it’s concluded, that students are more likely to accept career advice from peers they trust than relying on their self-efficacy and self-esteem. Rather than focusing on the students fields of study and gender, it is better to focus on other variables that are not included in this study. Finally it’s recommended that in order to help students make the best career decisions, parents, the university's concerned body, should come up with career activities and life skill training that will change students’ attitudes towards issues challenging their career decision-making abilities.
THE LIVED EXPERIENCES OF INDUCED ABORTION AMONG THE WOMEN OF WOLAITA SODO TOWN, SOUTH ETHIOPIA REGIONAL STATE
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-06) DIANA WADILO WANA
The social and psychological experiences of women after induced abortion are challenging. However, there is a lack of information about the experience of women who encountered induced abortion in southern Ethiopia, specifically in Wolaita Sodo town. This study was conducted with the objective of investigating the lived experiences of women who engaged in induced abortion among the women of Wolaita Sodo town. To this end, a qualitative study was employed. Women with the experience of induced abortion were included in the study until information saturation was reached. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the participants. Data were collected through interviews using focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs), in-depth interviews, observation, and case studies. Regarding data analysis, the study followed the steps of social phenomenology. The findings of the study show the interplay of religious beliefs, societal values, community perceptions, and attitudes towards abortion practice, revealing a spectrum of responses influenced by cultural and generational divides. Many of the women undergo induced abortion without being emotionally prepared, driven by the fear of societal stigma and the pressure to meet societal expectations. They often do this in secrecy, hurriedly, in constrained environments, and, worst of all, under unprofessional guidance. The women prefer death over being mocked by society. The societal moral rule of not killing the baby is effectively taking a grown woman's life, exacerbating risks, some of which are life-threatening and others irreversible. Additionally, the blame and expectations fall solely on the women, making them bear the guilt. Health workers, women of childbearing age, and young unmarried women need to work together to discuss how to control unplanned pregnancies, avoid judgment, and listen to one another. Guidance and counseling services in hospitals are recommended.
THE LIVING CONDITION OF SLUM DWELLERS IN ARADA KEBELE OF WOLAITA SODO CITY ADMINISTRATION, SOUTH CENTRAL ETHIOPIA
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-11) TEKALIGN HAILE HALABO
A slum is a residential area with inferior housing that is underserved and/or overcrowded, resulting in unhealthy, unsafe, and socially unpleasant living conditions. A single residence can fit within this category, but the phrase is typically reserved for bigger areas, either rural or, more commonly, urban. The study is intended to investigate the living conditions of slum dwellers in Wolaita Sodo city administration in a particular area called Arada Kebele. The main aim of this thesis rests on describing the lived experiences and coping mechanisms of slum dwellers, exploring the impacts and consequences of current urban expansion on the slum dwellers in the study area, and exploring the challenges and opportunities of people living in the slum settlement. In doing so, the researcher has employed a qualitative research approach and methods, including FGDs, key informant interviews, observation, and case study methods, by using a purposive sampling design. The data grasped from the site is then analysed through the thematic analysis method, a process that includes arranging, coding, and presenting empirical data from the field, and finally, its findings are presented through narration. The findings indicated that people in the slum environment of the study area are living a miserable life and facing health problems, economic disorder, and social and cultural change due to urban expansion and modernization, and thus its inhabitants are marginalised and economically poor. Even though poverty and rural-urban migration are the major challenges of urban slums, the study mainly focused on the lived experience and the impact of urban expansion on the dwellers and the geographical set and or physical environment of the study area. Finally, based on the findings, recommendations are forwarded.
THE PRACTICE AND CHALLENGES OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION AT HAWASSA UNIVERSITY COMPREHENSIVE SPECIALIZED HOSPITAL: REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH IN FOCUS
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-05) MEDANIT BERISO
Effective health communication plays a crucial role in promoting reproductive health outcomes, particularly in hospital settings. This study investigates the practice and challenges of health communication within Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, focusing on reproductive health. It examines what kind of communication strategies have been employed in the hospital and whether the communication strategies were effective in promoting and creating awareness about reproductive health. The study employed a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and observations, and subjects were selected from the study population using purposive sampling techniques and by setting inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data was collected from healthcare providers, administrators, and clients. A total of 266 clients seeking reproductive health services participated in the survey; 12 clients, 7 health providers, and 2 administrative staff participated in the interview. The findings highlight both positive aspects and challenges in health communication practices, including the implementation of client-centered communication strategies, patient education initiatives, and the integration of cultural sensitivity. However, significant challenges, such as the use of various communication channels, language barriers, limited resources, and inadequate training for healthcare providers, were identified. The study underscores the importance of addressing these challenges to enhance the effectiveness of health communication strategies and ultimately improve reproductive health outcomes in hospital settings. Recommendations are provided for policymakers, hospital administrators, and healthcare providers to optimize health communication practices and overcome existing challenges.
THE ROLE OF FM RADIO FOR SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF YESILTI AGNOT PROGRAM AT ASELLA FANA FM 90.0
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2023-06) Halil Amza (GPJMCR/0005/12)
This study aims to explore the role of FM radio in social development, focusing on the case study of Asella Fana FM 90.0 Yesilti Agnot Radio Program (YARP). The study draws upon communication for development, social change, and participatory communication theories to understand the impact of FM radio on development. A qualitative research method was employed, utilizing interviews and content analysis as data collection tools. The findings of the study reveal that YARP produces various social development programs. These programs play a crucial role in promoting social change and development within the community. FM radio serves as a powerful medium for disseminating information, fostering dialogue, and engaging the public in participatory processes. Through its programming, YARP addresses a wide range of social issues such as education, health, gender equality, political participation and the likes. The study highlights the significance of FM radio in facilitating social development by providing a platform for marginalized voices to be heard, promoting community engagement, and fostering social cohesion. It demonstrates how FM radio can contribute to empowering individuals and communities by providing access to information, promoting cultural diversity, and encouraging active citizenship. Overall, this study emphasizes the vital role of FM radio in social development and underscores the importance of utilizing communication for development approaches to maximize its potential. By harnessing the power of FM radio as a tool for social change, communities can be empowered to address their own developmental challenges and work towards sustainable development.