College of Business and Economics

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The College of Business and Economics promotes excellence in teaching, research, and community engagement in the fields of business, economics, management, and development studies.

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THE ROLE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN CREATING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN HAWASSA CITY
(Hawassa University, 2014-06) ENDALKACHEW ADEM MUSSA
Developing countries like Ethiopia suffered by the prevalence of the problems of poverty and unemployment in most of urban areas of the country due to the expansion of urban population and low level of economic development. Overcoming unemployment and poverty can be possible through establishing MSEs which is one of the strategies adopted in all over the country. MSEs are very essential to create employment opportunities, increase income of households, and absorb large labor force, easily adopted, require less capital and flexible and others. However, beside the expected contribution of the sector made to employment generating and to the economic development process of the nation, there is limitation of study conducted to analyze the actual potential contribution of implemented national MSEs development strategies to employment creation in most of the urban areas. Therefore, this study entitled to the role of micro and small business enterprises in creating employment opportunity is conducted with an objective of analyzing/determining the potential role of the sector to create employment opportunity in the city. In this regard, this study conducted by employing 123 MSEs and 486 individual operators as sample size for the study and the required data collected by using structured questioner format. Both qualitative and quantitative methodology is applied in the study for demonstrating the characteristics and effects of qualitative and quantitative data collected from sample MSEs and individual operators using questionnaire. The study variable, that support the objective of the study is the employment creation role of MSEs, this is determined on the basis of the view of operators towards MSEs employment creation or on the basis of believe of MSEs operators whether employment opportunity is created or not for them by the business enterprise they are currently operating. The variables that are identified and expected to determine the study variable are age, sex, education, experience and average monthly income of operators. As such, the study variable is qualitative response of operators, the appropriate economics model applied to demonstrate the problem of this study is binomial logit. This logit regression model determines the probability of the MSEs sector to create employment opportunity by considering the effects of determining variables and its value ranges between 0 and 1. Thus, the regression output for the logit model identifies the value probability equals to 0.77, this implies that the MSEs sector in the study area create employment opportunity for 77% of operators or in other word 77% of operators believed as employment opportunity is created for them by the MSEs. In addition this study analyze the MSEs with regards to their age, current capital, performance on capital, production, sales, profit and saving aspects, and problems of MSEs. With regard to performance majority of MSEs exhibits improvement in all variables, the problems of MSEs identified in this study are : lack of capital and credit, lack production and selling space, lack of market for their products, etc. finally, In order to support potential role of the sector and also to minimize and alleviate the existed problems, some policy implications are recommended.
CHALLENGES OF SHOE SHINERS AND THEIR OPINION TOWARDS FORMING COOPERATIVES IN HAWASSA CITY, ETHIOPIA
(2014-06) ADUGNA WODAJO
This thesis explores the challenges faced by shoe shiners and their opinion on forming cooperatives in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. The research adopts a mixed-methods approach with a concurrent embedded design. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to ensure the representation of all sub-cities. The quantitative data was collected from 299 shoe shiners through structured questionnaire survey and 5 point Likert scale questionnaires. The qualitative data from 14 interviewees enriched the quantitative data. Data analysis was performed using statistical software for social sciences (SPSS-27), applying both descriptive and inferential statistics. The finding revealed significant disparities in the distribution of sex and age among sample respondents, with a noticeable dominance of young male participants, particularly in the 18–25 age brackets, which account for 74.6% of the sample. Furthermore, the educational levels among participants predominantly range from illiteracy to primary education. Factors contributing to shoe shiners' engagement in the job are working to be self-reliant, assisting their parents, having no one to support them, being forced to work by guardians, and the demand for shoe shiners. The result shows that shoe shiners have a low to moderate degree of knowledge, with a mean knowledge score of 3.18, but they have a good attitude towards creating cooperatives, with a mean attitude score of 3.59. Regression analysis showed that knowledge regarding cooperatives was a significant predictor, with a one-unit increase in knowledge associated with a 2.34 times higher likelihood of having a favorable view towards creating cooperatives. Younger shoe shiners showed higher odds ratios compared to older ones, suggesting that younger individuals were more likely to have a positive opinion of forming cooperatives. The study recommends various actions to promote cooperative formation among shoe shiners in Hawassa City, such as establishing a cooperative support center, and developing supportive policies and infrastructure to lawfully operate their businesses in the city and accessing different credit and financial services.
THE EFFECTS OF CULTURAL PRACTICES AND INDIGINOUS KNOWLEDGE ON ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT IN LAKE HAWASSA, ETHIOPIA
(Hawassa universtity, 2020-03) TADELECH TEMESGEN
Lake Hawassa in Ethiopia is one such ecosystem that is currently threatened by degradation needs innovative measures to be conserved. The general objective was to analyze how culture affects resource utilization and conservation by the ethnic groups living in Lake Hawassa ecosystem. The study sample involved 120 households who live in Lake Hawassa ecosystem who were selected using simple random sampling procedure. The study utilized descriptive survey method where data was collected using semi structured questionnaires administered to household heads and face to face interviews with key informants including local community elders. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive analysis inform of percentages, frequencies and chi square test. Pearson-chi squared test was used to establish association between culture and environmental management. The study also revealed that the Chi squared test indicated that there exists a strong significant relationship between cultural aspects such as cultural values and norms and environmental management (x 2=24.83, df =6, P<0.001). The study concluded that culture is a fundamental determinant of environmental attitudes which influence environmental attitudes and values and behavior. The study recommends that policy makers utilize a culture-specific approach in designing environmental policies to develop culturally appropriate environmental laws, regulations and policies. This is to ensure that the rights, livelihoods, and culture of communities are considered in designing of environmental laws, policies and regulations and the communities are actively involved in design of policies for sustainable environmental conservation and management.
DETERMINANTS OF RURAL FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS’ FOOD SECURITY STATUS IN CHIRONE WOREDA OF SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
(2023-04) ZENEBE DAMENE DASSA
The overall objective of the study was to investigate female headed household food security and its determinant factors of rural female headed households in Chirone Woreda of Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia. The sample sizes of study were 144 female headed households which selected randomly from three kebeles of the study area. These kebeles were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The researcher had applied both quantitative and qualitative approaches and used multistage sampling techniques. The study used both descriptive and econometric statistics during data analysis. To assess household food security status, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used. In addition to this, binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors affecting female headed household food security. The HFIAS output revealed that 40.97% female household heads were food secured, 15.97% female headed households were mildly food insecure, 18.75% female household heads were moderately food insecure and 24.31% female household heads were severely food insecure. The binary logistic regression result further depicted that for female headed household age, level of education, farmland size, TLU and non-farm activities had positive significant and total family size had negative significant on female headed household food security status. The study finding was significant at p<0.01 and p<0.05 level. The study also involves demographic, socioeconomic and institutional factors that had significant effect on female headed household food security in the study area. Finally, the study recommended that rural female headed households need special consideration and support to improve livelihoods as well as to enhance their food security status and livestock holding and cultivated land size play a crucial role by increasing food security.
ASSESSING OF CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF WOMEN MIGRATION FROM HALABA ZONE OF CENTRAL ETHIOPIA REGIONAL STATE TO THE MIDDLE EAST
(2023-10) NATHANAEL KUMA KEBEDE
his study was about the women labor migration from Halaba Zone of CERS to the Middle East. It assessed the causes and consequences of women migration from Halaba Zone to the Middle East. It looked at the various motivations that brought a migrant woman in to decisions of migration to the Middle East. The thesis also targeted to consider into the discrepancies between the expectations of the domestic workers and the reality that they faced in the country of destinations. In this study, quite a number of theories were used to explain the factors and features of migration augmented with the primary data outcomes. The study fully employed qualitative methods of research by taking snowball and expert sampling methods to obtain the research participants. Regarding the research instruments, the researcher employed semi-structured in-depth interview tool to collect data. Likewise, six case studies were narratively presented for discussion in the fourth chapter. The thesis was also produced based on the production of knowledge from the interviewees and the researcher through semi-structured in-depth interviews, case study and focus group discussion supported by secondary data. In its outcome, the study revealed that the migrants from Halaba Zone both that are planning and returnees were not satisfied with their individual or household income. For which reason, economic demands were found to be the basic pushing factors for their decisions; whereas destination countries’ open gates and demands besides enhanced payment in the destination was the major pulling factor. The overall backgrounds of the migrants together with external promoters were also found to constitute the motivations for migration. On the other hand, the expectations of the returnee migrants before their departure from the study site and the realities that they faced in the country of destination were also found to be quite unlike. Besides, language and cultural barriers were depicted as hurdle as incapacitating the interactions of the migrant women with their employers. Of which outcome, most of the domestic workers experienced maladjustment, hitch, and inconveniences. To address women labor migration from Halaba Zone to the Middle East, the study recommends establishing reliable channels for information sharing, conducting awareness campaigns, providing financial support and business skills training, empowering women with destination-specific skills and cultural knowledge, promoting understanding of social norms and language in destination countries, and advocating for bilateral agreements to protect migrant worker rights.
ASSESSMENT ON PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT IN GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS : THE CASE OF FINANCE BUREAU OF SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
(2023-10) MENGISTU BULO WACHIFO
The purpose of this study was assessment on public expenditure management in the Sidaama National Regional state Bureau of Finance. This study used descriptive method. Questionnaires and unstructured interviews have been conducted with different stakeholders within this Institution. The results of this study showed that significant achievement had been made in reforming the government expenditure management in the Sidaama National Regional State finance Bureau located in where Hawassa City . However, gap was identified in budget planning and its utilization, participation and transparency, limitation in the preparation of financial reports regularly and timely, the gap in planning, the gap in give priority on capital budget rather than recurrent, monitoring and evaluation of the intended core activities. In addition, the research showed that insuring transparency and accountability still at the main issues of public budget implementation process. Recommendations in the study are suggested that in allocating budget and spending in the organization, transparency and openness, monitoring and evaluation of the budget starting from preparation to its implementation should be given a series attention to use the scarce resources efficiently, effectively and in economical way. The findings identified in this study may lead the organization not to accomplish its established objectives, goals and the question of transparency can be raised, the scarce resource may not be utilized for the intended purpose and it is one of the critical issues that need corrective action to be adjusted for the next period of the budget year. In order to use the scarce resources they should be give series attention on capital budget to assure sustainable development goal, implementing, monitoring and evaluation process, which is all activities are implementing according to plan or not, applying the Finance Administration rule and regulations, capacity building and final take action on issues of illegality.
DETERMINANTS OF INCOME DIVERSIFICATION AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS: THE CASE KEMBATA TEMBARO ZONE, SNNPRS, ETHIOPIA
(Hawassa University, 2023-11) EYERUSALEM KIDANEMARIAM
The purpose of this study was identifying determinants income diversification of rural households in Kembata Tembaro Zone, SNNPRS. The study employed descriptive research design with mixed quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected by identifying 397 sample respondents through multistage stratified sampling mechanisms. In qualitative analysis 12 key informants were purposively selected. During data analysis both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were employed by using statistical tool named as STATA 16 version. The results of the study revealed that majority of rural households in the study area lead their life by on farm activities of either crop farming, animal husbandry or mixed agriculture. Relatively rural households in the study area earn better mean income from on-farm activities compared to off farm and non-farm activities. Supplementing household income and insufficient agricultural production were primary motive for few rural households to engage in off farm and non-farm activities in the study area. Based on the findings 68.5 % of the respondents have alternative sources of the income and the remaining 30.5% of the respondents merely depends on single income source. Regarding with the major determinants of income diversification, marital status, education status the household head, household income, participation of training on income diversification and infrastructure access were the major determinants of income diversification among rural households in the study area. The study recommends a strengthening adult literacy program, provision of credit access, providing trainings, improving rural infrastructure etc to enable rural household to engage in different activities and enhance income of the rural household in the study area.
THE PRACTICES, ROLES AND CHALLENGES OF SELECTED ORPHANAGE INSTITUTIONS IN CARING FOR ABANDONED CHILDREN IN HAWASSA CITY ADMINISTRATION; SIDAMA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
(2023-11) MEHALYE SOLOMON
This study is conducted on the Practices, Roles and Challenges of Selected Orphanage Institutions in Caring for Abandoned Children in Hawassa City Administration, Sidama Regional State of Ethiopia. The study’s objectives aimed to assess the practices, roles, and challenges of these selected orphanage institutions. To attain the above-mentioned objectives the research has employed a descriptive study design with a qualitative research approach. Furthermore, in this research data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document reviewing techniques. The findings of the study regarding the practices, roles and challenges of orphanages in caring for abandoned children revealed that these orphanage institutions are providing integrated institutional child care and support services that include shelter, food, medical services, educational services, clothing, recreational services, alternative childcare services, environmental protection services, and counseling services. The research findings also indicates that poverty, mental instability of parents, facing the challenge of having children with special needs and disabilities, marginalization from the community due to early age pregnancy and deviating from norms of the society, facing sexual abuse are the major causes of child abandonment. Moreover, the research finding further indicated that the selected orphanage institutions in the study area are facing various challenges like: very low awareness in the community about child abandonment and alternative services as adoption and foster care, inconsistent and frequently changing government laws and regulations regarding roles and challenges of orphanages in caring for abandoned children, lengthy bureaucracy from government stakeholders and imbalance between a large number of abandoned children in the study area while the intervention capacity of orphanage institutions is limited, inflation and rapid increment of material cost, lack of land access to build offices, were found to be among the major challenges of the child care organizations. Based on the conclusions made, certain recommendations such as raising more awareness about the rising problem of child abandonment and also local adoption and foster care in the society, working in more harmony with concerned government and non-government bodies to bring about solutions, were given.
PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED PUBLIC FINANCIAL SECTORS IN SILTE ZONE, SNNPRS, ETHIOPIA
(2023-11) TEWFIK AWOL
his study was aimed at assessing the Practice and Challenges of public financial management in selected public financial sectors in the Silte Zone. A descriptive research design and mixed approach was employed. The primary data were collected through survey questionnaires with structured questions and interviews. The secondary data were collected from various documents, publications and government public financial management proclamations, regulations, directives and official documents via a review of official working relevant manuals, and other government documents. The targeted population was servants of selected public financial sectors in Silte zone. A non-probability sampling methods and purposeful sampling technique was used to collecting a data, with a total of 91 sample employees were selected from the two sampled sectors. Questionnaires were distributed to the sampled respondents. After respondents returned the questionnaires, the interview took place with the thirteen budget, procurement, and audit directors, coordinators and experts in the sectors, Primary and secondary data were collected by means of document review, observation, questionnaires, and interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Science version 26, with the results presented in the table, while the qualitative data was analyzed and presented via narration. The study found that, all public financial activities carried out based on the federal and regional government public financial administration legal framework and it needed update the federal and regional public financial management regal framework and lack of cash, insufficient budget, management , lack of well-trained financial personnel, audit difficulty, political instability of the countries and the region, fragmentation of the region, and dependability on national and regional grants were the major challenges that faced the public financial sector to effective and efficient management of public finance. The study recommended expanding internal and external revenue sources; amending procurement rules to increase servant salaries and other perquisites; improving the budget; and ensuring adequate management and strong employee commitment in the financial framework and its implementation. Additionally, the study recommends that similar studies be undertaken in other public financial sectors to generalize the findings of this study.
ASSESSING SOCIOECONOMIC AND POLITICAL MARGINALIZA- TIONS OF TRADITIONAL POTTERS IN TEMABARO SPECIAL WOREDA OF CENTRAL ETHIOPIA REGIONAL STATE
(2023-11) TAREKEGN SHEFERAW BAYE
The purpose of this study is to assess socio-economic and political marginalization of the ‘Tradi- tional Potters in Tembaro special Worda of CERS. Descriptive research design was employed and qualitative approach was followed. All the respondents from traditional potters, stakehold- ers from government offices, religious leaders, local frontrunners and elders from Temabro spe- cial Woreda were selected by using purposive sampling technique based on expertise, aware- ness, age, and roles in the community. The inclusion of these participants in the study through purposive sampling enabled the researcher to obtain reliable data that showed diverse set of views and achieve the study objectives. To this effect, the researcher employed non-probability purposive sampling technique in order to select 68 individuals from three villages namely Fer- zano Durgi and Sigazo, where the potters are large in numbers. The relevant data to the study were collected through interview along with focus group discussion. The data gathered were an- alyzed by using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that low social interaction, low in- volvement in social activities, like ‘idir’ and ‘ikub’, unequal access to education, failure to make intermarriage with other social groups were some of the manifestations for social marginaliza- tion of the Traditional Potters in the study area. Regarding economic concerns; inequitable economic and livelihood opportunities, low productivity and lack of economic rights, such as access to credit, loan, land and market place. In light of political marginalization; denial of rights for political participation in local and woreda/zonal/regional matters, and failure to hold representative position within society and so on are among the major indications. The study sug- gested that the Woreda administrations and NGOs need to put a coordinated efforts in provid- ing awareness and education for community, involving potters in social activities, like ‘Idir’ and ‘Ikub’, providing equal access to education, ensuring impartial access to economic rights like land, and assuring equal participation on political concerns.
THE NEXUS BETWEEN URBANIZATION AND WATER BODIE: THE CASE OF LAKE HAWASSA WATERSHED, SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
(2023-11) YETNEBERSH YITAYEW ZEGEY
The study examines the relationship between urbanisation and water bodies in the Lake Hawssa watershed, Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia, where the lack of buffer zone policies hinders conservation efforts and challenges the implementation of such policies. The study employed a descriptive research design with mixed research methods; primary and secondary data sources were used. Data was collected from 390 households in 5 kebele and from Ministry of Water and Energy (MOWE) technical staff. A survey questionnaire, key informant interviews, and field observation were used as data collection methods. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The study found that due to a lack of buffer zone policy, Lake Hawassa and its tributaries, as well as its watersheds, had come under pressure from a variety of legal and illegal activities, such as floating, walking close to the lake, washing and swimming, dropping plastic caps, organic garbage, hotels, restaurant and industry waste, and the like. Moreover, due to uncontrollable urbanisation and its negative effects on the lake and its watershed, the study area typically exhibited characteristics of a high border adverse effect, low watershed cover, high sedimentation, high household waste, a high wastewater disposal area, and others. The survey results also showed that the absence of buffer zone policy had a significant negative relationship with urbanisation and water bodies' connectivity (r = -.481**, p < 0.05), and the challenges in light of the absence of buffer zone policy were considered as vegetative cover was being depleted in an unsustainable manner, catchment's plant cover declines, and sediment loads rising were among the major factors that affected the survival and consistence of Lake Hawassa watershed. Thus, the important recommendations that are found to be of paramount importance from the findings of this study include: Contextualizing buffer zone policy and other environmental protection policies, laws, proclamations, and regulations for the Lake Hawassa watershed and implementing them by delegation of the responsible body, controlling the expansion of illegal settlement and urbanisation around Lake Hawssa, the nexus between urbanisation and water body connectivity, should be considered with buffer zone policy ratification and put into practice. The buffer zone of Lake Hawassa should be managed and protected from the disruption that comes from urban agriculture, intensive grazing, commercial development, and even unsustainable recreational development.
THE EFFECT OF SALES SKILLS ON SELLING PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF ETHIO-TELECOM, HAWASSA DISTRICT
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-01) MEAZA TEFERA HANDARO
This study is conducted with an objective of identifying effect of sales skills on selling performance in Ethio telecom Hawassa district. Technical, interpersonal, marketing and salesmanship skills were used as dimension of sales skills. This study is conducted by using both descriptive and explanatory research designs. The purposive sampling technique was used. The total target population of the study was 801 and from the total target population 267 employees of the company were purposively selected and participated in the study by providing their responses about their sales skills and sales performance through questionnaire. Yamane (1967:886) sampling size technique was employed. The data collected with questionnaire was analysed by using both descriptive and explanatory analysis methods. Frequencies, percentiles, mean and standard deviation were used as descriptive methods. Correlation and multivariate linear regression methods were used to answer research questions. The finding of the study identified that selling skills have significant effect on sales performance. The major findings are; Among the dimensions of selling skills used in the study, marketing skill has no statistically significant effect on selling performance. But technical, interpersonal and salesmanship skills have positive significant effect on selling performance of the company. The most important and significant selling skill that affect selling performance is salesmanship skills with the highest mean value of 4.0 Based on this finding it is recommended to increase technical, interpersonal and salesmanship skills to increase selling performance
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECTS OF QUALITY OF FIXED BROADBAND INTERNET ON CUSTOMERSATISFACTION IN ETHIO TELECOM IN THE CASE OF SHASHEMENE GRAND SHOP
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-02) BEHAILU BIRHANU
The objectives of this study was to assess customer satisfaction by different variables like quality, price, service provision, after sales service and security then put clear recommendation and conclusion to the company accordingly. To attain this objective, the study utilized both interview and questionnaire survey. In depth personal interview was made with Ethio telecom management members to understand the service delivery mechanism and 290 questionnaires were distributed across residential and enterprise customers in shashemene. The survey questions were developed based on Likertscale questions and customers were asked to rate their satisfaction across the parameters identified. This paper used descriptive research design in order to obtain pertinent and precise information about the satisfaction level of customers being studied and qualitative methods were employed to describe the service delivery mechanism and narrate open ended questions in the questionnaire whereas quantitative methods were used to show the phenomenon in numbers. After data collection, the collected data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 and Microsoft excel software packages. Then the data organized, tabulated, depicted, and described in a way that can attain the objective of the study. Finally, the finding shows that customers were not satisfied with the service provisioning, pricing, quality, and after sales support. Thus, Ethio telecom should learn a valuable lesson from this specific study since the study guides the higher official on which facet of customer satisfaction area should focus.Service provisioning issue was measured using five basic questions and the finding of the study shows that customers are not satisfied with the service provisioning/delivery mechanism. In addition, using four basic FBBI questions, assessment was taken among enterprise and residential customers. It was found that customers are dissatisfied with the current pricing scheme employed by Ethio Telecom. Price of the service was measured using five basic questions and the finding of the study shows that customers are not satisfied with the price mechanism. In addition, using four basic FBBI questions, assessment was taken among enterprise and residential customers was found that customers are dissatisfied with the current pricing scheme employed by Ethio Telecom
PRACTICE, OPPORTUNITIES, AND CHALLENGES OF E-TAX SYSTEM IN MINISTRY OF REVENUE: THE CASE STUDY OF HAWASSA BRANCH OFFICE
(Hawassa University, 2024-03) DEREJE DANIEL TONA
The study focused on the assessing practice, opportunities and challenges of e-tax system in Ethiopia's Ministry of Revenues Hawassa branch office. The study adopted descriptive research design and data was collected through the use of questionnaires and structured interview. A sample of 269 tax payers and 143 employees of the branch were included in the study. The study used SPSS Version 27 to analyze the feedback and generate descriptive statistics. The result of the study shows that the branch office has started applying the system since 2021 and most of the tax payers are using the new system. But still there are some tax payers who do not started using the system. Benefits of e-tax adoption and development as perceived by the Ministry of Revenue and tax payers are: reduces paper work, reduce transportation cost, reducing errors of calculating due tax, and decrease the queue of the tax office. The focus of government on digitalization and encouragement of cashless transaction, and increasing digital payment system in the country are some of the opportunities for the implementation of electronic tax system. The lack of adequate coordination between banks and tax office, weak internet services, frequent power disruption, overcrowding of the server at the end of the month, and lack of local language are considered the basic challenges facing the implementation of e-tax system. The study advised tax office to work with stake holders and to improve the system to offer full package of an electronic tax system.
The Effect of Digitalization on the Financial Performance of Private Commercial Banks in Ethiopia
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-03) Melese Abraham Agago
This research examines the effect of digitization on private commercial bank financial performance in Ethiopia, using return on asset as a proxy for financial performance. The study selected 10 private commercial banks operating in Ethiopia between 2017 and 2023 using secondary data. Key variables were determined based on existing literature to reveal their link and effect on commercial bank profitability. Number of mobile banking user, ATM number, number of internet banking user, number of debit card user, and number of POS terminals was the factors studied. The empirical findings of this study disclosed that number of ATM machines, number of POS machines and number of mobile banking users have significant effect on profitability of private commercial banks in Ethiopia. while the number of debit card users and number of internet banking users are insignificant and this revealed that they could not explain as well as could not affect the return on asset or profitability of Ethiopian private commercial banks.The researcher recommend that Private commercial banks should work aggressively on increasing number of active users’ as equivalent to expansion of digital technologies by creating awareness to their customers, training employees and series follow ups so as to improve effectiveness and efficiency of their asset. Additionally, private commercial banks should work on integrating their systems. This would enable customers to transfer money via mobile or online to another bank without having to open a bank account at the other bank or go to a bank. By solving the issue of integration problems, the banks should start to increase their profitability.
EFECT OF CAREER DEVELOPMENT PRACTICE ON EMPLOYEES MOTIVATION: A CASE OF HAWELA WOREDA SELECTED OFFICE
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-03) HALCHITU HAMISO
The most perpetual challenge in most organizations today is lack of a well-structured career development and employee motivation. This has heightened the need for career development practices in order to motivate employee in most organizations. While extensive literature exists, career development, the focus has largely been on its influence on performance and productivity, leaving out the role of employee motivation. The study thus set out to investigate effects of Career development practice on employee’s motivation in Haweela woreda selected office. A theoretical framework was used as a guideline to test the effect of the career development practices such as staff training, promotion, career planning and staff counseling on employee’s motivation from the relevant literatures. The study used descriptive and explanatory research design. The population of this study was a total of 451.Sample of 211 employees was used to collect the data. Stratified sampling technique was employed. A structured questionnaire was used for purposes of data collection and data was analyzed using inferential statistics. However, only 196 employees responded to the questionnaires and hence, the response rate was 92.8 percent. Besides, descriptive statistical tools like percentage, mean and standard deviation are used to illustrate the demographic characteristics of the respondents and to assess the perception of employees from data collected through questionnaire and the study revealed that majority of the respondents inclined to disagreed on career development practices. Thus, inferential statistical methods like correlation analysis was used to assess the relationship between career development practices and employee’s motivation, multiple linear regression analysis also was employed to examine the influence of career development practices on employee’s motivation by using primary data collected through five scale likert questionnaire. Based on the findings of the study, all career development practice such as staff training(r=0.751), promotion (r=0.808), staff counselling(r=0.799) and career planning(r=0.70) have a positive correlation with employee’s motivation. The multiple linear regression analysis result revealed that all explanatory variables (staff training beta value=0.143, Promotion beta value=0.382, Career planning beta value=0.082 and staff counselling beta value=0.226)have a significant effect on employee’s motivation. This indicated that career development practices determine the employee’s motivation of Haweela woreda selected office. Therefore, Haweela woreda selected offices should implement career development practices approaches appropriately and continuously as an indispensable tool to build long lasting relationships with employee’s so as to encourage and maintain sustainable employee’s motivation.
DETERMINANTS OF NON PERFORMING LOAN: THE CASE OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN ETHIOPIA
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-03) Netsanet Engida
Non-performing loans (NPL) are a critical issue for the banking sector in Ethiopia. NPLs can have a significant negative impact on a bank's profitability, stability, and overall financial health. As such, understanding the determinants of NPL in Ethiopian commercial banks is essen tial for effective risk management and regulatory oversight. Ethiopia has a rapidly growing economy, with a banking sector that has seen significant expansion in recent years. However, this growth has also brought challenges, including an increase in NPLs. Identifying the key fac tors that contribute to NPLs in Ethiopian commercial banks is crucial for developing strategies to mitigate these risks and ensure the long-term sustainability of the sector. This study aims to contribute to the existing literature on NPLs by examining the key determinants of NPL in Ethio pian commercial banks. To achieve this objective, ten banks with ten years of data ranging from 2013-2022 were selected for analysis. A positivism knowledge claim was adopted, along with a quantitative research approach and an explanatory research design. The results of the OLS re gression analysis revealed that five variables, namely loan growth rate (LGR), bank size (BS), return on assets (ROA), interest rate (IR), and inflation rate (INF), have a statistically significant effect on NPL in Ethiopian commercial banks. This implies that factors such as loan portfolio quality, bank size, profitability, and macroeconomic conditions play a crucial role in determin ing the level of NPLs in the banking sector. On the other hand, variables such as return on equity (ROE), capital adequacy (CA), and gross domestic product (GDP) were found to have a statisti cally insignificant effect on NPL. These findings provide valuable insights for policymakers, reg ulators, and bank management in Ethiopia to develop effective strategies for managing NPLs and promoting a sound and stable banking secto
DETERMINANTS OF DIVIDEND PAYOUT IN SELECTED PRIVATE COMMERCIAL BANKS IN ETHIOPIA
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-03) YOHANNES HAILU
Examining the internal determinants of dividend payout in selected private commercial banks in Ethiopia is an important topic of study for several reasons. Firstly, dividend payout is an essential component of corporate governance and provides valuable insights into a bank's financial health and management's efficiency. Understanding the factors that influence dividend payout decisions can help investors and stakeholders assess the bank's profitability, stability, and future prospects. Secondly, Ethiopia's banking sector is undergoing significant changes and reforms, such as the liberalization of the industry and the emergence of private commercial banks. Thus, analyzing the determinants of dividend payout in these banks can shed light on the specific challenges and opportunities faced by private banks in Ethiopia's unique economic context. Lastly, this study can contribute to the existing literature on dividend policy, expand the knowledge base on Ethiopian banking, and inform policymakers and regulators in developing effective regulations and policies for the banking sector. This study examines the determinants of dividend payout in selected private commercial banks in Ethiopia from 2012-2022. Using a quantitative research approach with correlational design, the study investigates the effects of profitability, liquidity, size, leverage, growth of gross earnings, and previous year's dividend payout on dividend distributions. Depend on findings the study has given suitable suggestions to determinants of dividend payout in selected private banks in Ethiopia.
AFFORDABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT AND PROVISION PRACTICES IN HAWASSA CITY, SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE.
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-03) DIRIBA DANSE RIBISO
Housing affordability is one of the key issues at global scale for which either Ethiopia or Hawassa cannot be exceptional. This is because housing for human beings is not only a matter of sheltering but also a protection from natural and social dangers. Accordingly, this study aims to examine the extent and seriousness of the housing affordability and prevailing practices in Hawassa City, Ethiopia. Primary data was collected from the study area through questionnaire surveys, structured and semi-structured interviews, observations, focus group discussions and through desk review based on the sources for secondary data. Besides, quantitative techniques were used to analyze the collected data. The study results suggest that there is a need for effective policy intervention and an inclusive housing system, as well as cooperation and partnership between major interest groups, as tools for future policy development to tackle the housing problem in the study area. Government intervention through sound housing policies is necessary to ensure housing provision for citizens in the nation.
FACTORS AFFECTING RURAL YOUTHS ENTREPRENEURIAL BUSINESS PEFORMANCE: A CASE OF MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES IN WONSHO WOREDA
(HAWASSA UNIVERSITY, 2024-03) ANDINET ASFAW ARGETA
This research paper was aimed the factors affecting rural youth’s entrepreneurial business performance of MSEs that currently working in central zone wonsho worade. This study was employed a descriptive and explanatory research design qualitative and quantitative research approach. Both primary and secondary data was employed. Questionnaire was that main data collection instrument. Among 824 MSE operators, 269 sample size were selected using stratified and simple random technique. After the data has been collected, it was analyzed using simple statistical techniques. The descriptive and inferential statistical tools were used, Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the relationship and difference between independent and dependent variables. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23 was used to analysis of quantitative data from questionnaire questions. Furthermore, the research finding shows that among the independent variables financial factors, infrastructural factors, marketing skill and strategy factor, legal and regulatory factor and business information factor were the major factors that significantly affect the performance of MSEs. Based on the findings the study was recommended that financial institutions such as banks and micro finance institutions should improve access to finance problems of MSEs operators, all other governmental institutions/woreda Administration should give attention and should improve access to infrastructural, marketing factor, legal and regulatory factors and business information in order to improve the performance of MSEs in wonsho woreda