Institute of Technology

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The Institute of Technology focuses on education, research, and innovation in engineering, technology, and applied sciences to support sustainable development.

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    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WOSHA AND WERKA IRRIGATION SCHEMES IN WONDO GENET DISTRICT, SNNPRS, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2018-10-21) HENOK TESFAYE CHARINET
    Expanding efficient irrigation development on various scales is one of the best alternatives to provide reliable and sustainable food security. However, many irrigation schemes in developing countries in general and particularly in Ethiopia are performance below capacity. Performance evaluation of irrigation schemes plays a fundamental role in improving irrigation system of a scheme by identifying where the critical problems occurred. Evaluation of irrigation schemes carried out at Wondo Genet SNNPRS, Ethiopia. The primary objective of evaluating Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes using internal and external indicators were to evaluate their performance and suggest possible interventions to enhance their capacity. Internal indicators including conveyance, application, water storage, water distribution uniformity efficiency, and deep percolation ratio were used at the head, middle and tail reach of each scheme. Moreover, external indicators of agriculture output, water supply, water delivery capacity and physical indicator were used for evaluating the schemes. The results showed that the conveyance, application, storage, distribution efficiency of 55.6, 48.2, 89.8 and 91.7%, respectively were found at Wosha irrigation scheme whereas 43.0, 59.0, 87.2 and 91.4%, respectively at Werka irrigation scheme. The agricultural output performance such as OPUIA, OPUCA, OPUIS, and OPUWC were 4213.97 US$/ha, 8732.29 US$/ha, 1.18 and 0.32, respectively at Wosha irrigation scheme and 5840.34, 8534.19, 1.77 and 0.42 respectively for Werka irrigation scheme. Water supply indicators such as RIS and RWS were 0.64 and 0.71, respectively for Wosha 0.48 and 0.55, respectively for Werka irrigation scheme. The result indicates that water delivery capacity of Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes were 1.56 and 1.32, respectively. Physical indicators revealed that irrigation ratio of 0.89 and 0.78 and sustainability of irrigated area of 2.07, and 1.46 were found at Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes. Among the internal indicators, application efficiency was very low especially at Wosha irrigation scheme due to higher water loss through deep percolation. The overall efficiency was also below the desired level, where 26.8 and 25.4 %, respectively realized at Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes. Based on the above observation, adoption of water saving practices such as deficit irrigation, surge and cutoff application to improving application, conveyance and distribution systems can enhance crop productivity per unit irrigation water
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    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WAQEMIYA TIYO AND AWASH MELKASA IRRIGATION SCHEMES IN EAST SHEWA ZONE, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2023-10-15) ALEMIYE DEGEFA TOLA
    Performance evaluation of irrigation schemes plays a fundamental role in improving irrigation system of scheme by identifying performance gaps that help to provide appropriate improvement options. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the performance of Waqemiya Tiyo and Awash Melkasa community managed small-scale irrigation schemes located at Adama District, Oromia, Ethiopia using internal and external performance indicators. For this purpose, primary and secondary data were collected from the schemes and for field data measurements three farmers’ fields were selected at the head, middle and tail-end of each scheme. Schemes were evaluated by their own merits with the help of internal performance indicators. Thus, the results of analyses revealed that conveyance, application, storage, overall scheme efficiency and distribution uniformity were 49.0, 56.2, 48.8, 27.5 and 88.2% and at Waqemiya Tiyo whereas, 45.6 53.3, 44.1, 24.3 and 85.8% Awash Melkasa schemes respectively. Then comparison was made using external performance indicators such as water supply, water delivery capacity, outputs and physical indicators. The results obtained revealed that the values of relative water supply and irrigation supply were 0.59 and 0.57 for Waqemiya Tiyo scheme, whereas 0.65 and 0.64 for the Awash Melkasa scheme respectively. Water delivery capacities of Waqemiya Tiyo and Awash Melkasa schemes were 0.60 and 0.37 respectively. The values of output per unit irrigated area were 3962.6 and 2187.3 US$/ha, and similarly the output per unit command area was 4507.4and 2479.US$/ha for two schemes respectively. The output per unit irrigation supply and water consumed were 0.79,0.45US$/m 3 and 0.91,0.57US$/m 3 for two schemes respectively. Likewise, Physical indicators such as irrigation ratio and sustainability of the irrigated area revealed that 1.14, 1.07 and1.11, 1.04 for two schemes, respectively. Based on the results obtained, Awash Melkasa scheme was better in terms of relative water supply and irrigation supply. However, Waqemiya Tiyo scheme had significantly better land and water productivity than Awash Melkasa scheme due to used high value crops, agricultural inputs and removal of grass cover and sedimentation from canal systems. As a result, Waqemiya Tiyo scheme was better performing than Awash Melkasa scheme therefore, practices high value crops, sharing their experience with one another to achieve good performance of the schemes.
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    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WOSHA AND WERKA IRRIGATION SCHEMES IN WONDO GENET DISTRICT, SNNPRS, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2018-08-12) HENOK TESFAYE CHARINET
    Expanding efficient irrigation development on various scales is one of the best alternatives to provide reliable and sustainable food security. However, many irrigation schemes in developing countries in general and particularly in Ethiopia are performance below capacity. Performance evaluation of irrigation schemes plays a fundamental role in improving irrigation system of a scheme by identifying where the critical problems occurred. Evaluation of irrigation schemes carried out at Wondo Genet SNNPRS, Ethiopia. The primary objective of evaluating Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes using internal and external indicators were to evaluate their performance and suggest possible interventions to enhance their capacity. Internal indicators including conveyance, application, water storage, water distribution uniformity efficiency, and deep percolation ratio were used at the head, middle and tail reach of each scheme. Moreover, external indicators of agriculture output, water supply, water delivery capacity and physical indicator were used for evaluating the schemes. The results showed that the conveyance, application, storage, distribution efficiency of 55.6, 48.2, 89.8 and 91.7%, respectively were found at Wosha irrigation scheme whereas 43.0, 59.0, 87.2 and 91.4%, respectively at Werka irrigation scheme. The agricultural output performance such as OPUIA, OPUCA, OPUIS, and OPUWC were 4213.97 US$/ha, 8732.29 US$/ha, 1.18 and 0.32, respectively at Wosha irrigation scheme and 5840.34, 8534.19, 1.77 and 0.42 respectively for Werka irrigation scheme. Water supply indicators such as RIS and RWS were 0.64 and 0.71, respectively for Wosha 0.48 and 0.55, respectively for Werka irrigation scheme. The result indicates that water delivery capacity of Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes were 1.56 and 1.32, respectively. Physical indicators revealed that irrigation ratio of 0.89 and 0.78 and sustainability of irrigated area of 2.07, and 1.46 were found at Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes. Among the internal indicators, application efficiency was very low especially at Wosha irrigation scheme due to higher water loss through deep percolation. The overall efficiency was also below the desired level, where 26.8 and 25.4 %, respectively realized at Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes. Based on the above observation, adoption of water saving practices such as deficit irrigation, surge and cutoff application to improving application, conveyance and distribution systems can enhance crop productivity per unit irrigation water
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    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GOLDA SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SCHEME IN ASSOSA WOREDA, BENISHANGUL GUMUZ REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2019-10-27) MINIEBEL FENTAHUN MOGES
    Evaluation of the performance of irrigation schemes helps to know the present status of the scheme and to apply possible measures for improvement. Golda small scale irrigation scheme was found in Assosa, Benishangul Gumuz regional state, Ethiopia and had a service of six years. The performance of Golda Small Scale Irrigation Scheme had not been evaluated before this study. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the scheme by considering water delivery performance, on field water management performance and organizational setups and their performance for irrigation water management and maintenance. Primary data collected through field measurements and household field survey, and secondary data from different sources were used. Water delivery was evaluated by external indicators such as conveyance efficiency, relative water supply and relative irrigation supply. Both internal and external indicators were used for evaluating on field water management performance. The internal indicators were application efficiency, storage efficiency, distribution uniformity and deep percolation ratio. The external indicators like agricultural out puts, physical and financial indicators were used. The result of conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, storage efficiency, distribution efficiency and deep percolation ratio, were 53%, 51.6%, 91.6%, 80.76% & 40% respectively. The value of relative water supply and relative irrigation supply were 1.6 and 1.2 respectively. The result of output per unit command area, output per unit irrigated area, output per unit water supply and output per unit water consumed were 3542.66US$, 4306.76US$, 1.42 and 0.69, respectively. The result of the physical indicators, which were irrigation ratio and sustainability of irrigated area, were found to be 0.82 and 1, respectively. Around 54% of gross return on investment was obtained.. About 67.6% of respondents reflected the maintenance condition of the irrigation scheme was bad. Unfair distribution of water was due to water scarcity and illegal water users as the beneficiaries responded. Generally, the scheme requires improvement measures
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    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AYSERAWM MEDIUM SCALE IRRIGATION SCHEME AND PERCEPTION OF FARMERS IN MOJANA WEDERA WOREDA, AMHARA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2021-10-27) HABTAM GETIE NEGASH
    Performance evaluation of irrigation schemes plays an important role to identify the gaps and applying essential measures for improvement. This study was conducted to evaluate the performance of Ayserwm medium scale irrigation scheme and farmers perceptionin Mojana Wedera Woreda, Amhara Regional State of Ethiopia using internal and external indictors. To achieve the objectives, primary data were collected throughfiled observation, determination ofsoil moisturebefore and after irrigation, discharge measurements, soil physical properties and household survey, whereas secondary data were collected from different sources. CROPWAT 8.0 model was used to calculate crop water requirement and irrigation scheduling and SPSS version 26 was used to analysis the collected data from household surveys. The selected internal indicators conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, deep percolation ratio, storage efficiency, distribution uniformity and the external indicators agricultural, water use and physical performance indicators. The result of conveyance efficiency, application efficiency, deep percolation ratio, storage efficiency and distribution uniformity were 62.36%, 58.16%, 41.84%, 63.18%, and 86.45%, respectively. Which leads to an overall scheme efficiency of 36.27%. From the analysis of external indicators, the value of output per irrigated area, output per command area, output per unit water deliver and output per unit water consumed were 379,643.5birr/ha, 457,538.2birr/ha, 121birr/m3 and 96birr/m3 , respectively. The result of water use indicators, which is relative water supply and relative irrigation supply, value were becomes 0.79 and 0.88 respectively. The result of irrigation ratio and sustainability of irrigated area were 1.2 and 2.9, respectively. From the total beneficiary farmers 80 beneficiaries were selected by using random sampling technique. During the assessment of farmer’s perception about the irrigation scheme performance, the respondents reported that the major problems that make the performance of the scheme to be poor were overflow of irrigation water on the canal, water theft, maintenance problem, and water shortage and water utilization conflict. Based on the result of this study the performance efficiency of the scheme is poor; it requires applying necessary measures to achieve good performance of the scheme
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    PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF WOSHA AND WERKA IRRIGATION SCHEMES IN WONDO GENET DISTRICT, SNNPRS, ETHIOPIA
    (Hawassa University, 2018-10-07) HENOK TESFAYE CHARINET
    Expanding efficient irrigation development on various scales is one of the best alternatives to provide reliable and sustainable food security. However, many irrigation schemes in developing countries in general and particularly in Ethiopia are performance below capacity. Performance evaluation of irrigation schemes plays a fundamental role in improving irrigation system of a scheme by identifying where the critical problems occurred. Evaluation of irrigation schemes carried out at Wondo Genet SNNPRS, Ethiopia. The primary objective of evaluating Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes using internal and external indicators were to evaluate their performance and suggest possible interventions to enhance their capacity. Internal indicators including conveyance, application, water storage, water distribution uniformity efficiency, and deep percolation ratio were used at the head, middle and tail reach of each scheme. Moreover, external indicators of agriculture output, water supply, water delivery capacity and physical indicator were used for evaluating the schemes. The results showed that the conveyance, application, storage, distribution efficiency of 55.6, 48.2, 89.8 and 91.7%, respectively were found at Wosha irrigation scheme whereas 43.0, 59.0, 87.2 and 91.4%, respectively at Werka irrigation scheme. The agricultural output performance such as OPUIA, OPUCA, OPUIS, and OPUWC were 4213.97 US$/ha, 8732.29 US$/ha, 1.18 and 0.32, respectively at Wosha irrigation scheme and 5840.34, 8534.19, 1.77 and 0.42 respectively for Werka irrigation scheme. Water supply indicators such as RIS and RWS were 0.64 and 0.71, respectively for Wosha 0.48 and 0.55, respectively for Werka irrigation scheme. The result indicates that water delivery capacity of Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes were 1.56 and 1.32, respectively. Physical indicators revealed that irrigation ratio of 0.89 and 0.78 and sustainability of irrigated area of 2.07, and 1.46 were found at Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes. Among the internal indicators, application efficiency was very low especially at Wosha irrigation scheme due to higher water loss through deep percolation. The overall efficiency was also below the desired level, where 26.8 and 25.4 %, respectively realized at Wosha and Werka irrigation schemes. Based on the above observation, adoption of water saving practices such as deficit irrigation, surge and cutoff application to improving application, conveyance and distribution systems can enhance crop productivity per unit irrigation wate