College of Natural and Computational Sciences

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The College of Natural and Computational Sciences advances education, research, and innovation in natural sciences, mathematics, statistics, and computational disciplines.

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    THE EFFECT OF IRRIGATION AROUND ZIWAY ON HEAVY METAL CONTENT OF MAIZE GRAIN AND SOIL
    (Hawassa University, 2024-11) SILESHI TEFERRA
    The aim of the current study was to determine the metallic concentration of maize of irrigated versus rain fed and soil of irrigated versus rain fed and the water used for irrigation. This is to investigate the influence of irrigation on the concentration of heavy metals in the maize grains and soil. This was done by comparing with rain fed farms. The concentrations of copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) in acid digested sample were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. A composite purposive sampling method was used to collect samples from sample site of ziway city, Ethiopia. Microsoft Excel was used for Descriptive statistical analysis of the results and one way ANOVA was employed to compare the mean difference of heavy metals concentration between irrigated and rain fed. In maize samples (rain fed and irrigated maize) the mean concentrations of Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn were (0.42 – 1.25) for rain fed and irrigate maize, (not detected (nd) – 0.42) for rain fed and irrigated maize, (0.62 –0.93) for rain fed and irrigated maize, (10.8 – 12.3) for rain fed and irrigated maize and (20.23 – 24.3) for rain fed and irrigated maize. In soil samples mean concentration of Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu and Zn were in the range of (9.46 – 12.36) for rain fed and irrigated, (4.4 – 5.36) for rain fed and irrigated, (4.3 – 6.4) for rain fed and irrigated, (56.4 – 66.3) for rain fed and irrigated and (74.26 – 86. 35) for rain fed and irrigated. The mean concentrations of metals in water used for irrigation were (mg/L) of Pb (0.24), Cr (0.065), Ni (0.051), Cu (1.23) and Zn (0.92) in the irrigated water samples were above the limit set by US EPA (2004). The study show that irrigated (maize and soil) contained higher concentration of heavy metals and were above the limit set by US EPA which show that it was contaminated and would be unsave for human consumption.
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    LEVELS OF SELECTED ESSENTIAL AND NON-ESSENTIAL METALS IN THE SOIL AND GINGER (ZINGIBER OFFICINALE) CULTIVATED IN KAMBATA ZONE, HADERO TUNTO WOREDA CENTERAL ETHIOPIA
    (2024-10) BEYENE BADEBO BATAMO
    Ginger is a common spice and condiment for many foods and beverage. Its extracts are widely utilized in the culinary, beverage, and confectionary industries for making product like liquors, biscuits , pickles, chutney, marmalade and ginger beer. The levels of essential (Ca, Zn, Cu, Co, Cr, Mn, and Ni) and non-essential (Pb) metals in ginger cultivated in four different sites of kembata zone Ethiopia and the soil where it was grown were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. 0.5 g of oven dried ginger and soil samples were digested using 3 mL of HNO3 and 2 mL of HClO4 at 230°C for 2:30 h and a mixture of 6 mL aqua-regia and 2 mL H2O2 at 250°C for 3 h, respectively. The mean metal concentration (mg/Kg dry weight basis) ranged in the ginger and soil samples, respectively, were: Ca (874–1253, 801–1550), Zn (4.16– 7.1, 48–110), Cu (3.3–5.4, 8.4–13.3), and Mn (231–321, 527– 673), the other metals like Pb, Cr, Ni and Co were not detected in both the ginger and soil samples. There was good correlation between some metals in ginger and soil samples. This study revealed that gingers samples taken from sample site are good source of essential metals and free from toxic metal Pb, Cr, Co and Ni.