OPTIMAL PLACEMENT OF PHASOR MEASURMENT UNIT FOR STATE ESTIMATION IMPROVEMENT

Abstract

Installation of modern sensing devices is an integral requirement in the transition of a conventional power grid to smart grid. Phasor measurements synchronized through GPS presents one such alternative to enhance the monitoring and control feature in the power grid. Due to the high financial implications, these units should be deployed optimally in the grid. The methods reported in the literature for optimal placement usually provide multiple solutions. This thesis presents criteria of optimal solution for state estimation enhancement. The criterion is based on sensitivity analysis and analyzing way of increasing the rank of the gain matrix to install the phasor measurement unit on improving the state estimation results. A reduced form integer linear Programing algorithm is to be formulated according the criterion given for optimal placement problem for improved state estimation. The reason behind this is that all the downstream applications of contingency analysis; steady-state, voltage, and dynamic as well as the optimal power flow are dependent on the accuracy of the state estimation results. Because of its key role in energy management system, state estimation is set to be a vital function in the development of smart grid. For the Process Power education tool (PET) and Matlab are used and validated on testing on IEEE 14-bus system as a base case and a southern region 21-bus system as a study case