MA in Development Management

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.hu.edu.et/handle/123456789/138

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    DETERMINANTS OF RURAL FEMALE-HEADED HOUSEHOLDS’ FOOD SECURITY STATUS IN CHIRONE WOREDA OF SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (2023-04) ZENEBE DAMENE DASSA
    The overall objective of the study was to investigate female headed household food security and its determinant factors of rural female headed households in Chirone Woreda of Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia. The sample sizes of study were 144 female headed households which selected randomly from three kebeles of the study area. These kebeles were selected by using simple random sampling technique. The researcher had applied both quantitative and qualitative approaches and used multistage sampling techniques. The study used both descriptive and econometric statistics during data analysis. To assess household food security status, Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) was used. In addition to this, binary logistic regression model was used to determine factors affecting female headed household food security. The HFIAS output revealed that 40.97% female household heads were food secured, 15.97% female headed households were mildly food insecure, 18.75% female household heads were moderately food insecure and 24.31% female household heads were severely food insecure. The binary logistic regression result further depicted that for female headed household age, level of education, farmland size, TLU and non-farm activities had positive significant and total family size had negative significant on female headed household food security status. The study finding was significant at p<0.01 and p<0.05 level. The study also involves demographic, socioeconomic and institutional factors that had significant effect on female headed household food security in the study area. Finally, the study recommended that rural female headed households need special consideration and support to improve livelihoods as well as to enhance their food security status and livestock holding and cultivated land size play a crucial role by increasing food security.
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    THE NEXUS BETWEEN URBANIZATION AND WATER BODIE: THE CASE OF LAKE HAWASSA WATERSHED, SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (2023-11) YETNEBERSH YITAYEW ZEGEY
    The study examines the relationship between urbanisation and water bodies in the Lake Hawssa watershed, Sidama National Regional State, Ethiopia, where the lack of buffer zone policies hinders conservation efforts and challenges the implementation of such policies. The study employed a descriptive research design with mixed research methods; primary and secondary data sources were used. Data was collected from 390 households in 5 kebele and from Ministry of Water and Energy (MOWE) technical staff. A survey questionnaire, key informant interviews, and field observation were used as data collection methods. Descriptive statistical methods were used to analyze the data. The study found that due to a lack of buffer zone policy, Lake Hawassa and its tributaries, as well as its watersheds, had come under pressure from a variety of legal and illegal activities, such as floating, walking close to the lake, washing and swimming, dropping plastic caps, organic garbage, hotels, restaurant and industry waste, and the like. Moreover, due to uncontrollable urbanisation and its negative effects on the lake and its watershed, the study area typically exhibited characteristics of a high border adverse effect, low watershed cover, high sedimentation, high household waste, a high wastewater disposal area, and others. The survey results also showed that the absence of buffer zone policy had a significant negative relationship with urbanisation and water bodies' connectivity (r = -.481**, p < 0.05), and the challenges in light of the absence of buffer zone policy were considered as vegetative cover was being depleted in an unsustainable manner, catchment's plant cover declines, and sediment loads rising were among the major factors that affected the survival and consistence of Lake Hawassa watershed. Thus, the important recommendations that are found to be of paramount importance from the findings of this study include: Contextualizing buffer zone policy and other environmental protection policies, laws, proclamations, and regulations for the Lake Hawassa watershed and implementing them by delegation of the responsible body, controlling the expansion of illegal settlement and urbanisation around Lake Hawssa, the nexus between urbanisation and water body connectivity, should be considered with buffer zone policy ratification and put into practice. The buffer zone of Lake Hawassa should be managed and protected from the disruption that comes from urban agriculture, intensive grazing, commercial development, and even unsustainable recreational development.
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    PRACTICES AND CHALLENGES OF PUBLIC FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT IN SELECTED PUBLIC FINANCIAL SECTORS IN SILTE ZONE, SNNPRS, ETHIOPIA
    (2023-11) TEWFIK AWOL
    his study was aimed at assessing the Practice and Challenges of public financial management in selected public financial sectors in the Silte Zone. A descriptive research design and mixed approach was employed. The primary data were collected through survey questionnaires with structured questions and interviews. The secondary data were collected from various documents, publications and government public financial management proclamations, regulations, directives and official documents via a review of official working relevant manuals, and other government documents. The targeted population was servants of selected public financial sectors in Silte zone. A non-probability sampling methods and purposeful sampling technique was used to collecting a data, with a total of 91 sample employees were selected from the two sampled sectors. Questionnaires were distributed to the sampled respondents. After respondents returned the questionnaires, the interview took place with the thirteen budget, procurement, and audit directors, coordinators and experts in the sectors, Primary and secondary data were collected by means of document review, observation, questionnaires, and interviews and analyzed using descriptive statistics using Statistical Package for Social Science version 26, with the results presented in the table, while the qualitative data was analyzed and presented via narration. The study found that, all public financial activities carried out based on the federal and regional government public financial administration legal framework and it needed update the federal and regional public financial management regal framework and lack of cash, insufficient budget, management , lack of well-trained financial personnel, audit difficulty, political instability of the countries and the region, fragmentation of the region, and dependability on national and regional grants were the major challenges that faced the public financial sector to effective and efficient management of public finance. The study recommended expanding internal and external revenue sources; amending procurement rules to increase servant salaries and other perquisites; improving the budget; and ensuring adequate management and strong employee commitment in the financial framework and its implementation. Additionally, the study recommends that similar studies be undertaken in other public financial sectors to generalize the findings of this study.
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    ASSESSING OF CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF WOMEN MIGRATION FROM HALABA ZONE OF CENTRAL ETHIOPIA REGIONAL STATE TO THE MIDDLE EAST
    (2023-10) NATHANAEL KUMA KEBEDE
    his study was about the women labor migration from Halaba Zone of CERS to the Middle East. It assessed the causes and consequences of women migration from Halaba Zone to the Middle East. It looked at the various motivations that brought a migrant woman in to decisions of migration to the Middle East. The thesis also targeted to consider into the discrepancies between the expectations of the domestic workers and the reality that they faced in the country of destinations. In this study, quite a number of theories were used to explain the factors and features of migration augmented with the primary data outcomes. The study fully employed qualitative methods of research by taking snowball and expert sampling methods to obtain the research participants. Regarding the research instruments, the researcher employed semi-structured in-depth interview tool to collect data. Likewise, six case studies were narratively presented for discussion in the fourth chapter. The thesis was also produced based on the production of knowledge from the interviewees and the researcher through semi-structured in-depth interviews, case study and focus group discussion supported by secondary data. In its outcome, the study revealed that the migrants from Halaba Zone both that are planning and returnees were not satisfied with their individual or household income. For which reason, economic demands were found to be the basic pushing factors for their decisions; whereas destination countries’ open gates and demands besides enhanced payment in the destination was the major pulling factor. The overall backgrounds of the migrants together with external promoters were also found to constitute the motivations for migration. On the other hand, the expectations of the returnee migrants before their departure from the study site and the realities that they faced in the country of destination were also found to be quite unlike. Besides, language and cultural barriers were depicted as hurdle as incapacitating the interactions of the migrant women with their employers. Of which outcome, most of the domestic workers experienced maladjustment, hitch, and inconveniences. To address women labor migration from Halaba Zone to the Middle East, the study recommends establishing reliable channels for information sharing, conducting awareness campaigns, providing financial support and business skills training, empowering women with destination-specific skills and cultural knowledge, promoting understanding of social norms and language in destination countries, and advocating for bilateral agreements to protect migrant worker rights.
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    ASSESSING SOCIOECONOMIC AND POLITICAL MARGINALIZA- TIONS OF TRADITIONAL POTTERS IN TEMABARO SPECIAL WOREDA OF CENTRAL ETHIOPIA REGIONAL STATE
    (2023-11) TAREKEGN SHEFERAW BAYE
    The purpose of this study is to assess socio-economic and political marginalization of the ‘Tradi- tional Potters in Tembaro special Worda of CERS. Descriptive research design was employed and qualitative approach was followed. All the respondents from traditional potters, stakehold- ers from government offices, religious leaders, local frontrunners and elders from Temabro spe- cial Woreda were selected by using purposive sampling technique based on expertise, aware- ness, age, and roles in the community. The inclusion of these participants in the study through purposive sampling enabled the researcher to obtain reliable data that showed diverse set of views and achieve the study objectives. To this effect, the researcher employed non-probability purposive sampling technique in order to select 68 individuals from three villages namely Fer- zano Durgi and Sigazo, where the potters are large in numbers. The relevant data to the study were collected through interview along with focus group discussion. The data gathered were an- alyzed by using thematic analysis. The findings revealed that low social interaction, low in- volvement in social activities, like ‘idir’ and ‘ikub’, unequal access to education, failure to make intermarriage with other social groups were some of the manifestations for social marginaliza- tion of the Traditional Potters in the study area. Regarding economic concerns; inequitable economic and livelihood opportunities, low productivity and lack of economic rights, such as access to credit, loan, land and market place. In light of political marginalization; denial of rights for political participation in local and woreda/zonal/regional matters, and failure to hold representative position within society and so on are among the major indications. The study sug- gested that the Woreda administrations and NGOs need to put a coordinated efforts in provid- ing awareness and education for community, involving potters in social activities, like ‘Idir’ and ‘Ikub’, providing equal access to education, ensuring impartial access to economic rights like land, and assuring equal participation on political concerns.
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    ASSESSMENT ON PUBLIC EXPENDITURE MANAGEMENT IN GOVERNMENT INSTITUTIONS : THE CASE OF FINANCE BUREAU OF SIDAMA NATIONAL REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (2023-10) MENGISTU BULO WACHIFO
    The purpose of this study was assessment on public expenditure management in the Sidaama National Regional state Bureau of Finance. This study used descriptive method. Questionnaires and unstructured interviews have been conducted with different stakeholders within this Institution. The results of this study showed that significant achievement had been made in reforming the government expenditure management in the Sidaama National Regional State finance Bureau located in where Hawassa City . However, gap was identified in budget planning and its utilization, participation and transparency, limitation in the preparation of financial reports regularly and timely, the gap in planning, the gap in give priority on capital budget rather than recurrent, monitoring and evaluation of the intended core activities. In addition, the research showed that insuring transparency and accountability still at the main issues of public budget implementation process. Recommendations in the study are suggested that in allocating budget and spending in the organization, transparency and openness, monitoring and evaluation of the budget starting from preparation to its implementation should be given a series attention to use the scarce resources efficiently, effectively and in economical way. The findings identified in this study may lead the organization not to accomplish its established objectives, goals and the question of transparency can be raised, the scarce resource may not be utilized for the intended purpose and it is one of the critical issues that need corrective action to be adjusted for the next period of the budget year. In order to use the scarce resources they should be give series attention on capital budget to assure sustainable development goal, implementing, monitoring and evaluation process, which is all activities are implementing according to plan or not, applying the Finance Administration rule and regulations, capacity building and final take action on issues of illegality.
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    THE PRACTICES, ROLES AND CHALLENGES OF SELECTED ORPHANAGE INSTITUTIONS IN CARING FOR ABANDONED CHILDREN IN HAWASSA CITY ADMINISTRATION; SIDAMA REGIONAL STATE, ETHIOPIA
    (2023-11) MEHALYE SOLOMON
    This study is conducted on the Practices, Roles and Challenges of Selected Orphanage Institutions in Caring for Abandoned Children in Hawassa City Administration, Sidama Regional State of Ethiopia. The study’s objectives aimed to assess the practices, roles, and challenges of these selected orphanage institutions. To attain the above-mentioned objectives the research has employed a descriptive study design with a qualitative research approach. Furthermore, in this research data was collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document reviewing techniques. The findings of the study regarding the practices, roles and challenges of orphanages in caring for abandoned children revealed that these orphanage institutions are providing integrated institutional child care and support services that include shelter, food, medical services, educational services, clothing, recreational services, alternative childcare services, environmental protection services, and counseling services. The research findings also indicates that poverty, mental instability of parents, facing the challenge of having children with special needs and disabilities, marginalization from the community due to early age pregnancy and deviating from norms of the society, facing sexual abuse are the major causes of child abandonment. Moreover, the research finding further indicated that the selected orphanage institutions in the study area are facing various challenges like: very low awareness in the community about child abandonment and alternative services as adoption and foster care, inconsistent and frequently changing government laws and regulations regarding roles and challenges of orphanages in caring for abandoned children, lengthy bureaucracy from government stakeholders and imbalance between a large number of abandoned children in the study area while the intervention capacity of orphanage institutions is limited, inflation and rapid increment of material cost, lack of land access to build offices, were found to be among the major challenges of the child care organizations. Based on the conclusions made, certain recommendations such as raising more awareness about the rising problem of child abandonment and also local adoption and foster care in the society, working in more harmony with concerned government and non-government bodies to bring about solutions, were given.